高考英语语法专题复习课件-定语从句考点

定语从句一、引导定语从句的关系词指代人who，whom，that指代事物which，that所属关系whose，ofwhich指地点where指时间when指原因why二、关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that。All______canbedonehasbeendone.Doyouhaveanything________youdon’tunderstand?Thereislittle_______canbebelievedaboutit.Thebookdoesn’tsaymuch________amuseschildren.thatthatthatthat先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。Hamburgisthemostbeautifulcity_______I’veeverseen.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。I’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.Nosample________wenavereceivedissatisfactory.Pleasesendusanyinformation________youhaveaboutthesubject.Heistheonlyperson_________waspresentatthetime.thatthatthatthat先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用that。Thefamouswriterandhisworks_________theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing________sufferspain,death,harm,etc.thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.Who_______youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?Who_______youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow?thatthatWho做先行词时，引导定语从句用that。三、不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_____madehisparentsveryangry.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_______costmemorethan100yuan.MrSmith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,________Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。注意：如何判断介词Thegirl_____whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.Heistheman_____whomIthinkyoucandepend.1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配foron2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.Dolphinsmightbetrainedtocooperatewithfishermenandhelpthembyfindingorevencatchingfish,______allofwhichactivitiesdolphinsareexpert.within3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配Therate______whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.Thisisourclassroom,_______________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.atinthefrontofThecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of_______arewomen.Thebookcontains50poems,mostof________waswrittenin1930s.Therearetwoleft,oneof_______isalmostfinished,andtheotherof_______isnotquite.Ihaveasentence,themeaningof_______Idon’tunderstand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名词/代词/数词+of+which/whomWhere引导的定语从句。先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用来引导定语从句。Where在从句中作状语。Thisisthetownwhere(=inwhich)Ispentmychildhood.Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.I’llshowyouthepaintwhereyoufailed.Theplantsgrowwell______thereisalotofrain.where状语从句注意1区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.定语从句状语从句注意2若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。Thelibrary________studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.Thelibrary,_______wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.Thelibrary________youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.wherewhichwhichWhen引导的定语从句。先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句。在从句作状语。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)Imetyou.Thiswasthetimewhen(=atwhich)heleftforBeijing.Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewon’tbebusy.注意：若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime_________Ispentoncampus.I’llneverforgetthetime__________wasspentwithyou.whenwhich\thatwhich\thatwhy引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句作状语。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason__________shegavewasnottrue.which\thatwhose引导的定语从句。表示所属关系。Theriver_________banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.whoseThereareinthisclass20students,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose引导词的作用你明白了吗？1、连接主句和从句；2、替代先行词；3、在从句中充当成分。As和Which的区别1.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice________peopleexpected.2.Heisnotthesameman________hewas.3.Wemovedthestoneawayfromtheroad,_______tookusanhour.4.Hediedofcancer,______isexpected.aswhichasas7.Hemadealongspeech,_______wasexpected.8.Hemadealongspeech,_______wasunexpected.9.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,_______hiswifedoesn’tlikeatall.whichwhichas5.HemustbefromCanada,_____isclearfromhisbooks.6.Heinvitedmetodinner,_______waskindofhim.whichassuch+名词+as+从句thesame+名词+as+从句像、、、、、、一样的，像、、、、、、之类和、、、、、、同类的as在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。Which代替前面的句子，表示“这一点，这件事”As代替前面的句子，表示“正如，好像”当从句是主系表结构时：As：主句是一种判断，从句说明理由（因为）Which：主句是一个事实，从句是一种评价。当主句和从句语义一致时，用as当两句语义不一致或从句为否定时，用which热身：(安徽卷)34.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_______wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom.(江苏卷)33.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,______hewentontoBeijingUniversity.A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat(上海卷)37.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,______wasbeyondhiswildestdream.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it(浙江卷)14.Chan’srestaurantonBakerStreet,______usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whereDAAB1.AfterlivinginParisfor50years,hereturnedtothesmalltown_____hegrew