高考阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧

高考阅读理解—词义猜测题解题技巧•猜词悟义是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考阅读理解必考的题型。•这类问题主要测试考生以下两种能力：根据上下文推测和判断生词或短语在阅读材料中的含义；根据上下文判断代词it,this,he和they等的指代关系。一、题型特点与命题方式【设问形式】1.Theunderlinedword/phrase“…”inParagraph2mostprobablymeans____.2.By“…”(Paragraph2),theauthormeans____.3.Theword“…”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto____.4.“They”inParagraph1mostprobablyrefersto___.5.Theword“that”inLine3standsfor____.6.InLine8theword“…”couldbestbereplacedby___.1、定义或解释说明2、对比关系3、因果关系4、举例法5、重述6、同义词、近义词7、标点符号8、生活经验，生活常识，逻辑推理9、根据构词法：合成、派生（前缀、后缀）、转化等二、解题思路与应试技巧Ex.11.MostwomeninGhana–theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandold–worktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.A.repeatedB.sickC.uneducated对比关系Ex.12.Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbswhichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.A.townB.capitalC.countryD.house定义Ex.13.Theflowersinthevasewitheredbecausetheyhadnowater.A.becamesweeterB.becameredC.becamedry因果关系Ex.14.Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.A.smallB.largeC.dull因果关系Ex.15.Twelve-year-oldSallywasanactivegirl.Buthersisterwasquitesedate.A.prettyB.calmC.protectiveD.energetic对比关系Ex.16.Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest同义词、近义词1.Pantomimereferstoashortplayinwhichnowordsarespoken.2.Newly-marriedyoungpeopleoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washing-machines,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions.哑剧器具，装置定义举例法Ex.2Ex.23.Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeman,Johnisquitehomely.4.Thetreewillhavetobecutdown,foritobstructstheviewofoncomingtraffic.相貌平庸的阻隔，妨碍对比关系因果关系5.Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle,thatis,itwillbreakeasily.6.Theoldmanputonhisspectaclesandbegantoread.易碎的眼镜重述生活常识Ex.2【典例1】(2011全国Ⅱ,D片段)SothefirstlessonaboutworkinginothercountriesistolearnthelanguageandbythatIdon’tjustmeanthewordspeoplespeak.Itisbodylanguage,dress,manners,ideasandsoon.Thewaypeopledothingshighlightsmanyofthedifferencesweseebetweencultures(文化).53.Theword“highlights”inParagraph2probablymeans.A.encouragesB.helpstonarrowC.increasesD.drawsattentionto根据构词法：合成、派生（前缀、后缀）、转化等后缀，构成可数名词：-er,-or,-ian,-ist,-ese,-ess后缀，构成抽象名词：-ment,-tion,-ness,-sion,-ery,-ing否定前缀：dis-,in-,mis-,un-,non-其他前缀：re-重复,co-共同、平等,mini-微型,over-过度,super-超级,pre-前,post-后,vice-副的,en-使,tele-远程形容词后缀：-al,-ble,-er,-ful,-ish,-ive,-less,-y,-ous动词后缀：-en,-ize,-ify例：weaken,realize,satisfy典例8新课标2011CCassandraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband’sincome.Sothisyearshedidsomethingmorethanahobby:Sheplantedvegetablesinheryard.Forherfirstgarden,MsFeeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfiverowsofavarietyofvegetables.Thefamily’soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.Lastyear,Ms.RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.Thisyearshehasmadeitmuchlargerbecause,shesaid,“ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwaslookingtoloseafewpoundstoo;soit’sawin-winsituationallaround.”66.Whatdoestheword“residents”inParagraph1probablyreferto?A.chickensB.tomatoesC.gardensD.people