定语从句复习(翻译练习)1

定语从句Relativeclauses(1)这是花！这是一朵美丽的花。这是你昨天买的一朵美丽的花。什么是定语？？一朵美丽的你昨天买的一朵美丽的Thisisaflower.Thisisabeautifulflower.Thisisabeautifulflowerthat/whichyouboughtyesterday).abeautiful(that/whichabeautiful先行词关系代词Ⅰ.翻译以下句子:(先行词是人时)1)她是唱歌最好的女孩。Sheisthegirl.Thegirlsingsbestofall.2)医生是在医院里工作的人。Thedoctorisaperson.Thepersonworksinahospital.3)飞行员是开飞机的人。Apilotisaperson.Thepersondrivesaplane.4)我最喜欢的运动员是田亮。TheplayerisTianliang.Iliketheplayerthebest.5)你昨天看见的那个女人是我的英语老师。ThewomanismyEnglishteacher.Isawthewomanyesterday.Sheisthegirlwho/thatsingsbestofall.Adoctorisapersonwho/thatworksinahospital.Apilotisapersonwho/thatdrivesaplane.Theplayerwho/that/whomIlikethebestisTianliang.Thewomanwho/that/whomIsawyesterdayismyEnglishteacher.*当先行词是人时,关系代词用that,who或者whom。关系代词在人称代词前可以省略，在动词前不可以省。Ⅱ.翻译以下句子:(先行词是物时)1)这就是你要的书。2)在河边的建筑物是我们的学校。3)这就是我们去年住过的房间。Thisisthebookwhich/thatyouwant.Thebuildingwhichstandsneartheriverisourschool.Thisistheroomwhich/thatwelivedinlastyear.*在定语从句中，当先行词是物体时，关系代词用which/that,同样，在人称代词前可以省略；动词前不能省。(1)先行词:人whothatwhom主语/宾语宾语(2)先行词:物thatwhich主语/宾语(3)所属关系:人/物whose定语1钢琴家就是钢琴弹得非常好的人。2我最喜欢的歌星是刘德华。3她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。4我有一个喜欢问问题的朋友。Apianistisapersonwho/thatplaysthepianoverywell.Thesingerwho/thatIlikethebestisLiuDehua.SheisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.Ihaveafriendwho/thatlikesaskingquestions.这是看过的最好的电影。Theisthebestfilm_____________Ihaveseen.(that)为什么which不行？一、关系代词which和that的区别A.关系代词必须用that的情形：人物代高序跳恰恰(theonly/very)1、当先行词既指人又指物时Thecaranditsdriver____knockeddowntheoldladyhavebeentakentothepolicestation.that例如：这是我看过的最好的电影。3、当先行词被形容词的最高级所修饰ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.2、当先行词为不定代词时或被不定代词修饰时Isthereanything____Icandoforyou?All____youhavetodoistopressthebutton.Thereisnotime____wecanwaste.thatthatthatThisistheonlyticket____Igotyesterday.Thisistheverybook____I’mlookingfor.4、当先行词被序数词修饰例如：第一辆到达终点的汽车是由John驾驶的。ThefirstcarthatarrivedatthedestinationwasdrivenbyJohn.5、当先行词被theonly,thevery等修饰thatthatB、不能用that的情况:介词逗号that1、介词+whichWearrivedthedayonwhichtheyleft.2、非限制定语从句逗号后Thehouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasalovelygarden.3、先行词是that、those或被that、those修饰时Shopkeeperswanttokeepanumberofthosegoodswhichsellbest.1.Thiswasthebestmodelofaradioset_______thefactoryproducedin1979.2.Hetoldmeeverything_______hehadseeninthetrafficaccident.3.YesterdayImetDr.Li__________toldmethegoodnewsofWang’srecovery.4.Thetwostudents__________youtaughtthreeyearsagohavebecometractordrivers.5.Thefirstthing_______mysisterisgoingtodoistowritealetter.(that)(that)who/thatwho/that(that)二、which/whom在从句中做介词宾语时，介词一般可放在which/whom之前或原来的位置。ThehouseisnowtheLuXunMuseum.LuXunoncelivedinthehouse.Thehousethat/whichLuXunoncelivedinisnowtheLuXunMuseum.ThehouseinwhichLuXunoncelivedisnowtheLuXunMuseum.Thedocumentsforwhichtheyweresearchinghavebeenrecovered.Thisisasubjectaboutwhichwemightargueforalongwhile.IwantedtofindsomeonewithwhomIcoulddiscussbooksandmusic.注意：动词固定词组中的介词只能放在原来的位置上，不能放在which/whom之前Theboy（whom）mysisterislookingafterisgettingbetter.Thechildwhomshetakescareofisill.1.Doyoulikethebook________shespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebook_________shepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebook_______shelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebook_______sheoftentalks?5.Hebuiltatelescope__________hecouldstudytheskies.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside，_________standsourteacher.(树下）7.Chinahasalotofrivers，thesecondlongest__________istheYellowRiver.onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhichunderwhichofwhich8.Thetower__________peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman_________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows，most__________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.11.Theworkers，some_______stayedforfouryears，camefromdifferentcountries.12.Thecommitteeconsistsof20members，5__________arewomen.fromwhichtowhomofwhichofwhomofwhom翻译以下句子:(表示所属关系时)1)我认识那个学生，他的妈妈是一个医生。2)那个男孩英语学得不好，他爸爸已经到美国去了。3)我想要一间窗口面向南边的房子。IKnowthestudentwhosemotherisadoctor.TheboywhosefatherhasbeentoUSAisn’tgoodatEnglish.Iwantahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.*在定语从句中,表示所属关系时用关系代词whose,既可以用于修饰人，也可以用于修饰物，任何情况下不能省。