跨文化交际课件讲课稿--2015.11.21

InterculturalCommunicationIV.WhatisInterculturalCommunication?2012-2-162跨文化1.InterculturalCommunicationDefinedInterculturalCommunicationmeanstheexchangeorcommunicationbetweenpeoplewhohavedifferentculturalbackgrounds.不同文化背景之间的人们的交流。I.WhytakeInterculturalCommunication?AgriculturalCulture:worshipland,loveland,dependuponland,stayingatpointwithmovingNomadicCulture:worshipnature,lovenature,dependuponnature,movingfromoneplacetoanother,notfixedatonepoint.BusinessCulture:readytomovefartherandfarther,makingmoreprofitsforshowingthevalueoflife.1.PeopleareculturallydifferentIfonly100peopleleftintheglobalvillage1.17speakChinese2.9speakEnglish3.8speakDard4.6speakSpanish5.6speakRussian6.4speakArabic.7.50speakBengaliBangladesh,JapaneseorFrench.2.PeoplearereligiouslydifferentChristianity.（基督教）About21.4billionChristiansintheworld.Forphilanthropy（博爱，慈善）andequalforeverybody.Islam.（伊斯兰教）Meaningbeingobedient（孝顺）;Muslims（穆罕默德信徒）arethosewhoareobedient.Quran.Buddhism（佛教）.AreyouaBuddhist?Buddhistsaretaughttoliveforkindnessratherthanevils.Ifonly100peopleleftintheglobalvillage1.33Christians2.18Moslems（伊斯兰教）3.14Hindus（印度教徒）4.16noreligion5.6Buddhists6.13differentreligions3.PeopleareideologicallydifferentChinesepeopleandAsiansareabitmodest,liveforharmony,tryingtoavoidfacetofaceconflict.Beingcollectivist.谦虚，向往和睦，避免直接冲突，集体主义者Westernersarebeingindividualist,beingequalanddifferent.Itisnoneofmybusiness个人主义，公平，与众不同，事不关己.Ifonly100peopleleftintheglobalvillage1.61Asians(亚洲)2.12Europeans（欧洲）3.8NorthAmericans（北美）4.5SouthAmericans（南美）5.13Africans（非洲）6.1Australian（澳大利亚）4.Peopleareracially（种族）differentWeareHoposapiens.Generally,thepeopleintheworldareclassifiedintofourmajorraces,thoughnotuniversallyaccepted.White/Caucasian;Mongoloid/Asian;Negroid/Black;Australoid/Brown1.ACase:ShowingConcernInChina:XiaoLi(aninterpreter):Youmustbeverytired.You’reold…（你一定累了，你年纪大了….）Catherine(anelderlyAmericanlady):Oh,I’mNOTold,andI’mNOTtired.(oh,我不老，我也不累)CommentWhattheinterpretersaidisquitecourteousinChina.Itmeans,“Ifyouaretired,wecantakealittlerest,sinceyouaregettingoninyears.”（您年龄有些大了，如果你累了，我们可以休息一下）Theinterpretergavetheimpressionthathethoughttheelderlyladywouldcollapseanyminuteifshedoesn’trestimmediately.CommentIntheWest,thereisavalueplacedinbeingyoungthatmanypeopleconsciously,orsubconsciously,arenotwillingtoacceptthattheyaregrowingold.（不管有意识还是无意识，西方人都不愿承认自己老了。）ThewesternwayofshowingconcernisgenerallydifferentfromtheChineseway.InChina:XiaoLi(aninterpreter):Youmustbeverytired.You’reold…Catherine(anelderlyAmericanlady):Oh,I’mNOTold,andI’mNOTtired.TheChinesewayofshowingconcernisusuallyexpressedbystatement.（陈述句，比较直接）IntheWest:A:Howareyoudoingnow?Wouldyouliketorest?B:No,notabit.Thewesternwayofshowingconcernismainlydisplayedwithquestion.（疑问句，比较委婉）CommentThiscaseclearlyshowsthattranslationisaninterculturalcommunication,whichrequiresthetranslator/interpretertopossessbothEnglishculturalknowledgeandlanguagecompetence.（翻译人员需要掌握语言文化的不同）2.DifferentattitudestowardsthesameobjectWhenonecoinwaslost…一枚硬币不见了…….Englishman:Notsurprised,shruggedhisshoulders,goingaway,withoutbeingtroubledbynothing.（一点也不惊奇，耸耸肩，若无其事的离开了）Americanman:Calledapoliceman,gavehimhistelephonenumber,leftwithachewingguminhismouth.（找警察，留下电话号码，嚼着口香糖离开）Germanman:Madeamarkwithin100mitersontheground,lookingforthelostcoinwithamagnifyingglass.在100米以内做记号，带着镜子找。Japaneseman:feltsorryforhisowncarelessness,stillblamedhimathome,swearingnottomakesuchasillymistakeagain.感到很难受，为自己的粗心责备自己，发誓再也不犯这样愚蠢的错误。1.TheattitudesbyforeignerstowardsChinesePeople（外国人眼中的中国人）SavingFaceHardworkingFormalTheattitudesbyforeignerstowardsChinesePeopleNeverkissedparentsShanzaieverywhere2.TheattitudesbyChinesetowardsWesterners（中国人眼中的外国人）KissandhuganytimeandanywhereGoingDutchTheattitudesbyChinesetowardsWesternersBeingpunctual（守时）Mindyourownbusiness不多管闲事Toofrank坦白Western:small,intimatefamily,retirementhome,theoldareseparated,childrenleaveearly;beingindependentandlookafterthemselves.Parentsneverinterferewiththeirchildrenaffairswhentheyareoldenough.（家庭小，和老人分开，孩子很早离开父母怀抱，父母不干涉孩子的事情）FamilyOldseparatedYoungindependentEastern:extended(relativesincluded),agedstaywithfamily,theoldarerespected,childrenstayuntilmarried;childrencanneverbecompletelyindependentandarechildrenwiththeirparentsaround.（家庭大，一直和家人住在一起，直到孩子结婚，尊敬老人，孩子不独立，一直围绕父母转。）AphotoofafarmfamilyAphotoofBaJin’s（巴金：著名作家）Familywestern:performanceoriented,littlerotememory,abilitytosolveproblems;practicalcompetenceofrunningabusinessismoreimportant.（注重解决能力，拒绝死记硬背）EducationEastern:experienceoriented,muchmemorization,themoreexperiencedyouare,themorepopularyouwillbe;youwillberegardedwell-educatedifyoucanrecitesomeancientpoems.（注重背诵背的越多越好）In1979,oneChineseeducationaldelegationwenttotheUnitedStatesandoneUSeducationaldelegationcametoChinaandbothofthemmadeareportaftertheirvisits.（中美教育学者互访）TwoEducationalReportsTheChinesereportsaidTheAmericanstudentsweremuchself-confidentandindependent.Theirteachersencouragedthemtodosoinsteadofcorrectingthem.Thepupilsknewlimitedvocabularyandsolvedmathematicsproblemswiththeirfingers,buttheya