无人机作业指导书V1.0

成都翼高九天科技有限公司无人机操作手册第一版第一章引言··································································································1一、编制背景····················································································1二、适用范围····················································································1三、无人机巡线试飞基本要求·······························································1四、引用标准····················································································2第二章任务准备····························································································3一、接到任务后准备工作·····································································3二、设备领取····················································································3三、工作确定····················································································4第三章作业流程····························································································4一、作业保障····················································································41.首要保证················································································42.作业环境保障··········································································43.飞行安全保障··········································································54.作业危险点分析及避免方法························································6二、正式作业···················································································71.起飞前准备············································································72.起飞作业················································································83.不同塔型拍摄内容及方式：·······················································103.飞机回收··············································································14三、数据处理···················································································151.无人机自身数据······································································152.作业数据···············································································15第四章附表···································································································15一、作业设备清单·············································································16二、无人机标准化作业卡····································································16三、无人机作业情况报告表·································································16四、无人机作业资料整理清单······························································16第1页成都翼高九天科技有限公司无人机操作手册第一章引言一、编制背景本手册为规范无人机操作规程，保证无人机的正确保管和使用，以及操作人员的人生安全，作业对象的安全和作业的顺利完成。二、适用范围本指导书适用于成都翼高九天科技有限公司无人机飞行小组人员对线路巡视的正常飞行巡检工作。三、无人机巡线试飞基本要求1.新建输电线路巡视重点：螺栓、线夹、金具、接续管、标牌、绝缘子的安装紧固情况。2.巡线环境（1）、平原地区（2）、山下巡查山上线路（3）、同一走廊有平行杆塔和线路（4）、交叉跨越第2页3.杆塔类型（1）、单回直线塔（2）、单回耐张塔（3）、同杆多回直线塔（4）、同杆多回耐张塔4.总体原则遵循由易至难的巡视顺序，避免不必要的损失5.辅助工作巡视轨迹记录、巡资料与电力设备对应关系记纪录、飞行过程影像资料拍摄四、引用标准《架空输电线路运行规程》DL/T741-2010《架空输电线路直升机巡视技术导则》DL/T288-2012《电业安全工作规程》（电力线路部分）DL409—2005《架空送电线路运行规程》DL/T741—2010《架空输电线路管理规范》（试行）国家电网生[2003]481号《国家电网公司电力安全工作规程》（电力线路部分）国家电网安监[2009]664号第3页第二章任务准备一、接到任务后准备工作某小组接到任务后，该小组成员应当做如下准备工作：1.确定作业前往地点、时间。2.根据前往地点和时间选择飞行器运输方式，若对于时间地点难以把握的，直接请教上级之后决定。3.在出发之前确定人员前往方式，如若需要搭乘公共交通工具，需提前购买到达目的地票并做好相应准备。4.如若是需申请车辆自行驾车前往，需按公司流程申请车辆。5.提前预定目的地酒店，保证人员及设备到达后能及时安置。6.作业人员需至少在出发前一天做好自身携带物品准备，包括设备，章程，交接文件，自身物品，作业飞机，作业辅助工具等。二、设备领取1.到设备管理处填写出勤具体信息。2.填写《出勤设备领取登记表》。3.检查领取设备是否齐全，并对所领设备进行检测，看是否完好可用，如若设备有问题无法正常使用，到设备管理处登记并进行更换。4.设备领取时间至少在出发前一天。第4页三、工作确定1.小组分工明确，确认此次出勤负责人。2.提前了解当地天气情况，做好应急准备。3.根据客户方提供资料，对作业对象进行初步研究了解，制定初步作业计划（包括人员选配，飞行工具选配，作业任务时间安排）。4.事前在地面站下载好作业区域离线地图，否则无法在该区域地图正确作业。5.仔细研究当地作业需求，尽量满足客户所需检测要求。第三章作业流程一、作业保障1.首要保证确保仔细阅读无人机说明书，熟悉该款飞机性能。2.作业环境保障（1）使用风速仪，测得当地实际风速，若小于安全风速（八轴小于10.7m/s，四轴小于7.9m/s），该环境处于可飞行状态。（2）使用测频仪，测定作业环境周围（飞行全域）是否有干扰频率存在，（900Mhz、2.4Ghz、5.8Ghz)该3个波段情况下的近似频率，测试是否对控制端和信号端有干扰，若无，该环境处于可飞行状第5页态。（3）检查作业人员保护装备是否完备，若不完备，则需想办法解决，确保作业人员安全。（4）进行作业清场，相关作业人员距离飞行器起飞点半径5米以外，飞作业相关人员，需清理至飞行器起飞点半径25米以外。（5）使用测距仪，测定作业目标距离，提前保证飞机安全距离，安全作业。（6）仔细观察起降场地情况，保证起飞点半径5米无障碍物，设置准备2个起降点，以防紧急情况。（7）仔细检查作业装备，确保装备齐全。（8）了解作业对象电压，对于220KV及以下电压作业对象，飞行器保持5米以上安全距离；对于550KV及以下作业对象，保持10米以上安全距离；对与1000KV以上，保持至少20米以上安全距离作业，防止电弧击毁飞机。3.飞行安全保障（1）对于远距离超视距作业，严格按照先上升至安全高度（保证不会碰到沿路电线），然后直线靠近作业目标的方法。（2）对于电池电压要做好严格控制，防止因为电量不足导致的飞机坠毁：1）对于近距离作业（200米），最低返程电压为21.9V2）对于中距离作业（200米，1000米），最低返程电压为22.5V3）对于远距离作业（1000米，2000米），最低返程电压为23V第6页4）对于超远距离作业（2000米），请选择合适机型进行作业4.作业危险点分析及避免方法4.1危险点分析序号内容1运输过程中山路颠簸使飞行器碰撞损坏；2无人机在飞行期间可能出现机体故障造成飞机失控；3起降过程中作业人员操作不当导致飞行器侧翻损毁、桨叶破碎击伤人体；4飞行巡视过程中与导线距离太小或发生碰线事故；5飞行巡视过程中突然通信中断飞机失控；6天气突变造成空中气流紊乱使飞机失控；7无人机飞行过程中突降大雨损坏无人机设备；8飞控手对飞行器状态作出错误判断强制飞行而导致飞行意外。4.2安全措施及解决方法序号内容1飞行器装车后要安装后固定插销,确保在运输过程中有柔性保护装置，设备不跑位,固定牢靠；在徒步运输过程中保证飞行器的运输舒适性，设备固定牢靠，设备运输装置有防摔、防潮、防水，耐高温等特性；2飞行前作业人员应认真对飞行器机体进行检查，确认各部件无损坏、松动，电气连接良好；3作业人员应严格按照无人机操作规程进行操作，两名操作手应互为监督，飞机起降时，25米范围内严禁站作业无关人员；4飞行过程中按照规划好的航线飞行，固定翼飞机航线规划应与导线保持50米以上的安全距离，多旋翼飞机与作业目标保持10米以上的安全距离，安全距离的确定根据飞机回传图像参考目标已知长度单位进行计算其距离；第7页5飞行前检查应对各种失控保护进行检验，确保因通信中断等各种原因引起的飞机失控时保护有效，在飞机飞控后自动重新连接应操作飞机返航而不继续作业；6观察员时刻注意观察风速计变化，对风向风速作出分析并预警；7观察员时刻注意观察湿度计变化，对雨雪情况作出预警；8作业前机组人员情绪检查，确保无负面情绪。二、正式作业为确保无人机能安全稳定作业，请务必严格按照以下要求操作。1.起飞前准备请严格按照准备