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InaStationoftheMetroByEzraPoundoriginaltext•originaltext:•InaStationoftheMetro•——EzraPound•Theapparitionofthesefacesinthecrowd;•Petalsonawet,blackbough.•Translation:•在地铁站•——埃兹拉·庞德•人群中幽然浮现的一张张脸庞,•黝黑的湿树枝上的一片片花瓣。•originaltext:•InaStationoftheMetro•——EzraPound•Theapparitionofthesefacesinthecrowd;•Petalsonawet,blackbough.•Theothertranslation:•一、一张张脸孔的幻影在人群中鬼魅般浮现;•犹如湿漉漉的黑色树干上绽放的朵朵花瓣。•二、一张张脸孔在人群中幽灵般浮现;•如湿黑树枝上,花瓣片片。•三、人群中,张张脸孔的魅影;•如片片花瓣,在湿黑的树枝上。•四、这些面孔的魅影幽灵般浮现湿漉漉,•黑色枝条上的许多花瓣.•五、人群中这些面孔的幻影湿漉漉,•黑色枝条上的片片花瓣.Background•InaStationoftheMetroisanobservationofthepoetofthehumanfacesseeninaParis’ssubwaystationinwhichthefacesturnedvariouslytowardlightanddarkness..•《在地铁站内》仅两行、14个字,是一首单一意象诗(one-imagepoem)。它是庞德根据在巴黎协和广场地铁站的印象写成的。Background•Thepoet,EzraPound,wasfamousforadvocatingfreemeterandamoreeconomicaluseofwordsandimagesinpoeticexpression.HeisalsooneoftheleadersoftheImagistMovementofpoetry.Writtenin1913,InaStationoftheMetroisalwaysacknowledgedasthebestimagistpoem.•埃兹拉·庞德(EzraPound),美国著名诗人。在宾夕法尼亚大学攻读美国历史、古典文学、罗曼斯语言文学。两年后在哈密尔顿大学学习,1906年获硕士学位。1898-1908年先后共四次去欧洲。1908年定居伦敦,以后一度成为伦敦文坛上举足轻重的人物。•在地铁站庞德眼前闪过一张张美丽的脸。在归途中,这些脸在他眼前反复出现,直到最后他们逐渐变成了一片片彩色印花色底。这时他产生了一个念头,要作出一幅纯粹表现色彩的斑斑点点的非写实主义的画,但他不会作画,只能以诗代之。Myunderstanding•Thispoemisinasuccinctstylewhichjusthas14wordsinthewholepoem.However,theimagesinthispoemgiveustheinteriormeaning.Theimagesareapparition,faces,petalsandbough.Heusestwolinestodescribeavividpictureforus.•《在地铁站内》仅两行、14个字,是一首单一意象诗(one-imagepoem)。它是庞德根据在巴黎协和广场地铁站的印象写成的。诗虽短,但诗人最后落笔定稿前经过相当一段时间的酝酿和推敲。Myunderstanding•Thefirstlineisnarrationandthesecondisexpression.Whatdoestheapparitionmean?Oneis“suddenlyappear”andtheotheris“somethingliketheghost”.Thiswordnicelycapturestheimmediateimpressionleftonthepoet’smindandthepowerfulemotionalimpacthefeltinthatsituation.•诗心怪异是现代派诗的特点之一,尤其在这首诗中,意象玄妙,句意悬隔,更增添了诗意的模糊性。不光是每句诗的本身意义不明确,而且两句诗组合在一起意义取向正是相反。究竟是什么样的面孔?居然像幽灵般显现?Myunderstanding•ItsassociationwithghostsalsoinvokesavividviewofthepeoplecomingoutofthedarkMetroasiftheyarespectersascendingfromtheundergroundworld.Wecaneasilytouchthatthefacesinthesubwayaredepressed.Atthistime,Poundsawachild’slovelyface,andthenanother.•apparition一词的翻译非常关键,它颇为诡异,原有幻象、异象等出现之意,还有鬼怪、幽灵之意,在这里被译为“幽灵般显现”,大概综合了这两个义项。问题是诗人把这些面孔说成幽灵、鬼怪的一样,是何用心?不能理解为诗人所在国度所在民族里,鬼怪、幽灵是与人亲和的,带来吉祥的,而应理解为它的反面。那么,这些面孔如鬼怪、幽灵般显现,是不是不祥之物?Myunderstanding•Alltheworldseemschanged.Thelovelyfacesmixedwiththedepressedfaces.Andthepoetarousesacomplexofjoyandfearwhichishardtotellfromeachother.Ofcourse,inthispoem,petalsindicatefaces.Whenwementionpetals,wealsothinkaboutsmilingorsomebeautifulthing.•但第二句把人群暗喻为湿漉漉的黑色枝条,把这些面孔暗喻为许多花瓣,其中花瓣之喻,在世界各民族中都应是美好的、鲜艳的、亲切的,似与鬼怪之喻、幽灵之喻取意相反。也就是说,只看单句不会有疑虑,两句放在一起疑窦顿生。Myunderstanding•Thesubwayisjustlikethebough,althoughitiswet,darkandblack,westillshoulduseloveandsmilingtofacethem.Actually,Poundwantstotellusalotofthingsinthispoem,buthedoesnotoffertoomanydetailssothatwecouldhavearichimaginationfromtheimages.•如果把第一句看成被诠释句,把第二句看成诠释句,那么诠释与被诠释之间龃龉不合,造成读者试欲沟通诗作的本意、诗人的创作真意联系的障碍。Myunderstanding•Althoughtherejustaretwolinesinthispoem,Poundusesalotoffiguresofspeech.Ihavementionedthatapparitionhastwomeanswhichisatypicalpun.Thepetalsobviouslyindicatethelovelyfaces,soitisametaphor.Andthefirstlineandthesecondlineareusingthecontrast.Withthehelpoffiguresofspeech,thepoemisfullofPound’semotion.•建立不可把捉的思想雕塑,或布置不可见底的思想深渊,让读者产生理解的沟坎、陷阱,这就是现代派诗尤其是意象派诗的主要特点,也是这首诗让广大读者难读难解的主要原因吧。Myunderstanding•InaStationoftheMetroisnotametricalpoem,butitdoesnotmeanthereisnomusicalbeauty.Repeatingit,youcanfeelthebeautyofmusicthroughit’srepetitionofdifferentvowelsandconsonants,suchas/p/and/au/.Especiallytherepetitionof/e/inthesecondlineemphasizesitssenseofmusic.•此诗酷似19世纪法国印象主义画派作品,如反复诵读,读者能勾画出一幅色彩丰富的画面。与此同时也会发现诗歌在音的处理上很巧妙。第一行的[p]音与第二行的[p]音遥相呼应,但其中一个只构成非重读音节;两行末尾均有[au]音,只是前者有辅音[d],后者没有。第二行中[e]音的重复等都加强了这首短诗的音乐感。以湿润的黑色树枝上挂着的花瓣来比喻他眼前所闪现的脸反映出诗人令人折服的想象力。Myunderstanding•Whenwearetalkingthetheme,wemustknowsomebackgroundofthispoem.Itwaswrittenin1913,theFirstWorldWarwascoming.Everyoneatthattimeisunderthehorrificshadowofthewar.Subwayisamicrocosmofthewholesociety.Thefacestherearelikeapparitionandpeoplearesodepressedwithhelpless.Myunderstanding•Butthechildren’slovelyfacesletPoundassociatethebeautifulpetalinnatural.Althoughtheboughiswetandblack,ithasthepetalsonit.Althoughthesocietyisdepressedandhelpless,thereisstillhopeineverybody’sheart.Thereisnodoubtthatthelovelyfacemeantapromisingfuture.Thepoemisjustlikeamirrorwhichreflectsthehopefulsonginthesoulofhumanbeings.
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