八年级英语下册Unit8-语法

Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?现在完成时态PresentPerfectTenseGrammarFocusHaveyoureadLittleWomenyet?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.HasTinareadTreasureIslandyet?Yes,shehas.Shethinksit'sfantastic.Haveyoudecidedwhichbooktowriteaboutyet?Yes,Ihave.I'vealreadyfinishedreadingit.Itwasreallygood.现在完成时：结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词一般疑问句：have/has…?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.Yes,shehas.No,shehasn’t.现在完成时1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等状语连用。动词构成：have/has+v过去分词havebreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(现在我不饿)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2004Istillliveherenowpast●现在完成时的用法:(1)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。IhavealreadyreadTreasureIsland.Ihavereturnedthebooktothelibrary.Ihaveboughtanewhouse.●现在完成时的时间状语:(1)用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。Wehavealreadyfinishedourhomework.Wehaven’tfinishedourhomeworkyet.Haveyoufinisheddoingyourhomeworkyet?already一般用于肯定句，用于疑问句时表示惊讶，出乎意料。常放于句中，实义动词之前，助动词之后。yet一般用于否定句或疑问句。常放在句尾，notyet常用在答语中，意为“尚未；还没有”。(2)用ever和never。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“从未”等。—HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你曾经去过长城吗？—No,IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.不,我从未去过长城。No,never.不，从来没有。●现在完成时的时间状语:(3)用副词just和before。Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.TheyhavenevervisitedtheGreatWallbefore..HaveyoueverbeentoHongKongbefore?(4)用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语,如sofar/uptonow,inthepast/lastfewyears等。SofarwehavelearnedsevenunitsDeqinghaschangedalotinthepast/lastfewyears.everjustalreadyyete.g.Haveyou_____beentoJapan?Ihave_____finishedmyhomework.Ihavefinishedmyhomework______.Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework____.（5）.just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续.•现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用（如：in1990，lastSunday等）。•一般过去时：一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：have/has+V过去分词现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身,与现在的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上的区别举例如下：Ihavecleanedmyroom.(Myroomiscleannow.)我已经打扫过我的房间了。Icleanedmyroomlastweek.(Ididitinthepast.)我上周打扫了我的房间。FatherhasgonetoAmoy.(HewenttoAmoyandheisnotherenow.)爸爸已经去厦门了。Theyhaveboughtadictionary.(Theyboughtadictionaryandtheyhaveitnow.)他们买了一本字典。注意:现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语(如:yesterday,last,year,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenshecamein等)连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语(如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recently,lately等)连用；也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语(如：today,thismorning,thisweek,thisyear等)连用。Shehasalreadyfinishedherwork.她已经把工作做完了。Ihaven’treadthestoryyet.我还没读过这个故事。Haveyoumethimbefore?你从前曾见过他吗？Lilyhasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.Lily一直是个好学生。比较：Ihaveseenhimthismorning.我上午看见他了。(说话时在上午)Isawhimthismorning.今天上午我遇见了他。(说话时可能是下午或者晚上)Ithasbeencoldthiswinter.今天冬天一直很冷。(说话时仍是冬天)NEXT把下列动词变成过去式和过去分词：read-------clean------do-------watch-----eat-------wash------go-------finish------see-------arrive------find-------start-------readreadcleaneddidcleanedwatchedwatchedateeatenwashedwashedwentgonefinishedfinishedsawseenarrivedarrivedfoundfoundstartedstarteddoneExercisesBACKExercises:1.Ihavealreadywatchedthegameshow.(改为否定句）I_______________thegameshow________.2.Sallysawthefilmlastweek.(改为现在完成时）Sally_______________thefilmbefore.3.Tomhasalreadyfinisheddoinghishomework.(改为一般疑问句）_____Tom_______doinghishomework_______?4.Havetheywashedtheclothesyet?(做肯定回答）_______,______________.5.Hasyourbrothereatenlunch?(做否定回答）_______,______________.haven’twatchedyethasseenHasfinishedyetYestheyhaveNohehasn’tFillintheblanks(用所给单词的适当形式填空)1.______you_____(find)yourEnglishbookyet?2.I_________(start)tomaketheplaneanhourago.ButI_____________(notfinish)ityet.3.______he______(arrive)atthetrainstationyet?4.When_____you______(read)thebook?Twodaysago.5.Howcleantheroom!I’msurethatsomeone_____________(clean)it.6._____you_______(see)thefilmHarryPotter?Notyet.I’llseeitthisSunday.7.We______(go)tothezoolastweekend.Havefoundstartedhaven’tfinishedHasarriveddidreadhascleanedseenwentHave句型转换1.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.①I____________myhomework.(改为否定句)②—______you______yourhomework?(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)—Yes，____________.答案：1.①haven’tfinished②Have；finished；Ihave2.Hisdreamhascometrue.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)---______hisdream______true?---No，____________.答案：2.Has；come；ithasn’t单项选择。()1.—Haveyoutakenoutthetrash,Belly?—______.I’lldoitrightaway.A.Sorry,IhaveB.No,Ididn’tC.No,Idon’tD.Notyet()2.—Haveyou_______visitedShanghai?—No,_______.A.ever;notB.never;notC.ever;neverD.never;everDC()3.—Haveyouwashedyourclothes______?—No,Ihaven’t.ButIhavecleanedtheroom_______.A.ago;alreadyB.yet;yetC.before;yetD.yet;alreadyD(2010.河北省卷,41.1)Mybrotherleftschoolin2005,andsincethenheinBeijing.A.livesB.livedC.willliveD.haslivedD()【2013广西贵港】—DoyouknowthemovieLostinThailand?—Yes.I______ittwice.It’sfunny.A.sawB.seeC.haveseenD.willseeC()【2013黑龙江牡丹江】—Lunch?—No,thanks.I__________.A.willeatB.ameatingC.haveeaten()【2013湖北黄冈】—WhereisTom?Wecan’tfindhimanywhere.—Perhapshe_____home.A.hascomeB.isgoingC.wentD.wasgoingCA1.I________heardofthatstorybefore.A.don’thaveB.nothaveC.havenotD.nottohave2.She’sneverbeentothatfactory,_________?A.issheB.wassheC.doessheD.hasshe3.Haveyoumadedumplings__________?No,Ihaven’t.A.justnowB.yesterdayC.agoD.beforeCDD一选择题4.I’ve______thisdictionaryforhalfayear.A.boughtB.