超导磁储能装置控制策略研究

华中科技大学硕士学位论文超导磁储能装置控制策略研究姓名：姚涛申请学位级别：硕士专业：电力系统及其自动化指导教师：唐跃进20060429ISMESFACTSSMESSMESSMESSMESSMESSMESSMESMatlabSMESSMESPIDDRNNDRNNTECSMESSMESSMESSMESSMESSMESIIAbstractSuperconductingmagneticenergystorage(SMES),whichcombinestheadvantagesofsuperconductingmagnetandpowerelectronicconverter,isanewkindofFlexibleACTransmissionSystem(FACTS)elements.Asanimportantpartofthesuperconductingpowersystem,thisequipmentcanstoreenergywiththefastresponseandenhancesystemtransientstabilitywhichhasbeencommerciallyrealizedabroad.Consideringthefastdevelopmentofthedomesticgridandthenewtechnologyoftheworldgrid,theresearchofSMESshouldbeimprovedgreatly.ThisthesisisdevotedtothestudiesonSMEScoveringtheissuesofthemodeling,thecontrolstrategydesignandthecoordinatedcontrol.FirstlyChapter1givesthesignificanceofapplyingSMES,especiallyforpowersystemsandanoverviewofthedevelopmentofSMES.Theappropriatemathematicalmodelforthesimulationisextremelyimportant.Forthesimulationofthetransientstability,themodelofSMESisgottenusingstate-spaceequationinChapter2.AccordingtothismodelasystemsimulationplatformisbuiltusingMatlab.ThenimprovingtheSMES’characteristictowcontrolsaredesignedinChapter3.AdaptivePIDcontrollerisdesignedforSMES,identifyingthesystem’sspecialparameterwithdiagonalrecurrentneuralnetwork(DRNN).TheProposedcontrolercanminimizetheerroroftheclosed-loopsystem,withoutthesystem’smodel.Thesimulationresultsilluminatethatthecontrollerwiththestudying-selfalgorithmmakestheoutofthesystembettercomparedwithPIDcontroller.Anothercontrolapproachbasedonthetransientenergyofthesystemisdesigned.Thetransientenergyofthesystemissuitfortheinputofcontrol,includingtheinformationofthestability.Thetransientenergycontrol(TEC)iseffectivetoenhancethestabilityofpowersystemandtoimprovetheregulationofthegeneratorterminalvoltage.Undertheresearchofthecoordinatedcontrolinthecomplexpowersystem,Chapter4givestheanalysisofthecoordinatedcontrolbetweenSMESandthetraditionalequipment.ThecoordinatedcontrolcouldimprovethecontrolofSMESandincreasetheoperationefficiency.Atlast,aprototypeofSMESunitwithitscontrolsystemisrealizedandtestedinapowersystemdynamicsimulationlaboratoryenvironment.SomeexperimentsarecarriedIIIouttostudythecharacteristicsoftheprototypedeviceandtheablilitycontrollingthefaultoscillation.Resultsobtainedfromthelaboratoryenvironmentverifythecorrectnessofthesimulationresults.Keywords:SuperconductingMagneticEnergyStorageSystem(SMES)ModelAdaptivecontrolTransientenergyfunctionCoordinatedcontrol______111.15102003500020129[1](1)“”(2)(3)1.2×105kW/km2(4)7022003“Grid2030”[2]——FACTSSMESSuperconductingMagneticEnergyStorage211.2FACTS1.2.1FACTSFACTSFlexiblealternativecurrenttransmissionsystemsHingorani1986FACTSFACTS[3-4]FACTSFACTSFACTSEPRIFACTS[5]3(1)FACTS20SVCSVCSCRFACTSTCSCSCR(2)FACTSSTATCOMSSSCGTO(3)FACTSFACTSFACTSSTATCOMSSSCUPFCFACTS“”(ESIenergystorageinterface)21ESI[6-7]ESI——SMES1.2.2FACTSFACTSFACTSFACTS,FACTSFACTSFACTS,3[8](1),PIDbang-bang4(2),,,(3)2,2,,,α,PID,,,,,[9]FACTSSVCTCSCSTATCOMFACTSFACTS[10-13]FACTSFACTSFACTS1.3SMES1.3.1SMES,SuperconductingMagneticEnergyStorage19695Ferrier[14-15]SMES1911(Onnes)SMES90%1.11.1MJm-3%%11000-40000.1-111-101000004-401000.1-1dB/dt2001-10100ηcycSMES[16-20](1)SMES(2)SMES0.1%/95%(3)SMESSMES[21][22]1.3.2SMESFACTSSSRSubSynchronousResonance6SSOSubSynchronousOscillationFACTS[23-25]1.2SMES1.2SMES0.1MWh10MWhGWhSMESSMESSMESSMESSMESSMESSMES[22]1020102507530%20207002015(1)LANLSMES1969[26]70105JSMES71-10GWh1012-1013JSMES1973N.MohanSMES[27]R.T.ByerlyJ.A.JuvesSMESSMESLANLBPABonnevillePowerAdministrationSMES198230MJ10MW[28]1983500kV0.35Hz300MW1200h1987SDI“”ETM[29]73.5GJ20.4MWh129m/7.51m/3.67H/200kA3343600MJ(1MWh)/100MWSMESBWX1.8GJ0.5MWhSMES[30]SMES1~10MJ2000ASCGED-SMES1.181.1DSMES2001ERPISupCity20037GRID2030[2]3020301.2ERPISupCity1.3GRID2030198630SMESKyushu100kJSMESSMES1991480MJSMES20kA9275kV1MJSMES1MJSMESSMES30kJSMESKansaiKyushu1.410MJ/10MWSMES1/21988T-15370-760MJ12MJSMES100MJ/8H/5kA/5.4TSMES100MJSMES199761MJSMESSMESSMESSMES(2)SMES108632005863——35kJ/7kW1.535kJ/7kW2002300BSCCOSMESSMES“”SMES1.4,“”11SMESSMESSMESHTSSMESPIDSMES[31]PID[32]H∞[33][34][35]SMESPID[36][37][38][39]SMES863SMESMatlabPIDSMESFACTSSMESVSCSMESCSCSMESSMESMatlabSMESSMES12SMESSMES1322.1SMESW2.1212WLI=(2.1)12108J/m3SMES2.1SMESSMES[37]SMESSMES14SMSESMESSMESSMES2.2SMESSMESCSCVSC2.22.3[40-43]CSCVSCCSCCSCSMESSMES2.1SMESL/2.3SMESG7LCG5G3G1G6G4G2SMESD1D2G8LLL~2.2SMESLLLG1G6G3G2G4G5~SMES15CSCVSCSMESSMES2.2.1SMESSMESSMESSMESSMESSTATCOMSMESSMESSMES[1]SMES[25][30]VSCCSCSMESSMESVSCCSCSMESSMES16VSCCSCR.D.Middlebrook19761986nKBM1994PWMSMESPWMSMESSMESSMES[40-41],2.2.2VSCSMES172.4VSCSMESVSC[44][45][46]abcαβdqVSCSMESdq3()2ddqddcdqqdqdcqdcqqddLdiLRiLieusdtdiLRiLieusdtduCisisidtωω=−++−=−−+−=+−(2.2)diqi——dqdeqe——dqdcu——Li——dsqs——dq18ddcduus=qdcquus=didLRiLieudqdddtdiqLRiLieuqdqqdtωω=−++−=−−+−(2.3)dqddqEq0de=ddPui=dqQui=−,dqii,dqiiduquqLiωLidω−deqe,dqiiduqu123123ddddqqqquuuuuuuu=++=++(2.4)2323,,dqddqdqquLiueuLiueωω===−=11dddqqqdiLRiudtdiLRiudt=−−=−−(2.5)dq[44]—2.5191111212122ddddqqqqueiuKKueiuKK