William_Wordsworth

WilliamWordsworth华兹华斯(1770—1850)Introduction•WilliamWordsworth(1770–1850)•Englishpoet,OneofthegreatEnglishpoets,hewasaleaderoftheromanticmovementinEngland.Wordsworth’sLifealawyer’sfamilydeathofparentsgrammarschoollakedistrictCambridge,vocation1790,summertourtoFranceAftergettinghisdegreeinCambridge1791,backtoFrancefinancialdifficulties1797,ColeridgeweakenedrevolutionaryspiritseclusioninLakeDistrict1843,PoetLaureatediedin1850,attheageof80MajorLiteraryWorksDescriptiveSketches,anEveningWalk(1793):hisfirstvolumewritteninthe18thcenturyfeelingfornaturaldescriptionLyricalBallads(1798):themanifestoofEnglishRomanticismThePrelude(1805):posthumouslyin1850;hisgreatestworkPoemsinTwoVolumes(1807):contains“Ode:IntimationsofImmortality”,theautobiographicalnarrative“ResolutionandIndependence”TheExcursion(1814)theorphanwasbroughtupbyrelatives,whosethimtoschoolatHwaksheadinthebeautifullakedistrictinnorthwesternEngland.•In1795,Wordsworthsettleddownwithhissister,DorothyintheLakeDistrict,livedafrugallife.HestudiedatCambridgefrom1787to1791.LyricalBallads《抒情歌谣集》1798ajointworkWordsworth&ColeridgebeginningoftheRomanticRevivalmanysubjects:romantic,charmofnovelty(新颖)tothingsofeverydaymajorityofpoemsdeeplovefornaturesympathyforthepoorManifestooftheMovement“TheRimeoftheAncientMariner”(“古舟子咏”;“老水手之行”)LakePoetsWordsworth华兹华斯Coleridge柯尔律治Southey骚塞beginningasradicalsandclosingasconservativesContents•Lifestory•Lakepoets•WordsworthPrinciplesofpoetry•Wordsworthshortpoems•Assessment•StudyandappreciationofhispoetryWordsworthPrinciplesofpoetryIntheprefaceofLyricalBallads,hesetforthhisprinciplesofpeotry.1.Allgoodpoetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelingsappealeddirectlytoindividualsensationsasthefoundationinthecreationandappreciationofpoetry.2.Thetruefunctionofpoetryliesinitspowertogiveanunexpectedsplendortofamiliarandcommonplacethings.(humble,rusticlifeassubject-matter)3.Astolanguage,heendeavoredtobringhislanguageneartothereallanguageofman.deliberatesimplicity,refusaltodecorate,thetruthofexpression,producedakindofpureandprofoundpoetrywithnootherthenpoethaseverequalled.4.Themostimportantcontributionhehasmadeisthathehasnotonlystartedthemodernpoetry,thepoetryofthegrowinginnerself,butalsochangedthecourseofEnglishpoetrybyusingordianryspeechofthelanguageandbyadvocatingareturntonature.ThePrelude《序曲》1)Wordsworth’sThePrelude《序曲》orGrowthofaPoet’sMind,anautobiographicalpoemconsideredhismasterpiece,isthespiritualrecordofhismind,showinghisdevelopmentofhisownthoughtandsentiment.2)Ithas14books,analyzingthegrowthofhispoeticgeniusduringhischildhoodandyouth,andrecallsthelessonsheowestonature.3)Thedescriptionofthebookhasbeencalledalongjourneyhome.Wordsworthshortpoems•1.Poemsaboutnature•Agreatpoetofnature.aworshipperofnature'.hewasathisbestndescribingofmountains,rivers,flowers,birds,childrenandpeasants,reminiscencesofhisownchildhoodandyouth.•Forhim,naturebecomesaninspiringforceofrapture,apowerthatrevealstheworkingsofsoul.Itactsasasubstituteforimaginationandintellectualengagementwiththedevelopmentofembodiedhumanbeingintheirdiversecircumstances.It'snaturethatgiveshimstrengthandknowledgefullofpeace.1.Descriptionsofmountains…andpeasants,andreminiscences(回忆)ofhisownchildhood…LinesWritteninEarlySpring“早春诗行”TotheCuckoo“致布谷鸟”TheDaffodils“水仙花”IWanderedLonelyasaCloud“我独自漫游像一朵浮云”MyHeartLeapsUp“我的心激烈地跳动”IntimationsofImmortality“不朽颂”LinesComposedaFewMilesAboveTinternAbbey“丁登寺杂咏”•2.Poemsabouthumanlife•Hethinksthatacommonlifeistheonlysubjectofliteraryinterest.heisamasterhandinsearchingandrevealingthefeelingsofcommonpeople.Thejoysandsorrowsofthecommonpeoplearehisthemes.Hissympathyalwaysgoestothesufferingpoor.CommentsonWordsworthpathetic(忧郁、感情上的)picturesoftheworkingpeoplenaivety天真ofsimplepeasantchildrensympathytothesufferingsofthepoor,humblepeasants“TheSolitaryReaper”“孤独的收割者”“WeAreSeven”“我们是七个”“TheRuinedCottage”“SimonLee”“TheOldCumberlandBeggar”Assessment•1.Wordsworth’sgoodpoetrywerewrittenduringthefirstdecadebetween1798and1801.Whenhelivedinseclusion,hispoemsbecamedeclinedandmoreandmoreconservativeinthought.•2.Wordsworth'spersonalityandpoetryweredeeplyinfluencedbyhisloveofnature,especiallybythesightsandscenesoftheLakeCountry,inwhichhespentmostofhismaturelife.Aprofoundlyearnestandsincerethinker,hedisplayedahighseriousnesscomparable,attimes,toMilton'sbuttemperedwithtendernessandaloveofsimplicity.•3.Wordsworth'searlierworkshowsthepoeticbeautyofcommonplacethingsandpeople.Hisuseofthelanguageofordinaryspeechwasheavilycriticized,butithelpedtoridEnglishpoetryofthemoreartificialconventionsof18th-centurydiction.•4.AlthoughWordsworthwasveneratedinthe19thcent.Bytheearly20thcent,hisreputationhaddeclined.Hewascriticizedfortheunevennessofhispoetry,forhisrathermarkedcapacityforbathos,andforhistransformationfromanopen-mindedliberaltoacrampedconservative.•Inrecentyears,however,WordsworthhasagainbeenrecognizedasagreatEnglishpoet:aprofound,originalthinkerwhocreatedanewpoetictradition.Studyandappreciation1.SheDweltAmongtheUntroddenWays2.ITravelledamongUnknownMan3.IWanderedLonelyasaclo