【中考夺分 浙江】2015中考英语复习课件：第一篇 知识板块突破 专题 4 介词

专题4介词专题4介词┃考点直击┃点睛介词是虚词，不能单独充当句子成分，只能与名词、代词、数词、动名词等构成介词短语作句子的成分。表示时间的常用介词有in,on,at,after,until,before,during等。表示地点的常用介词有in,on,over,above,below,under,across,through,before等。专题4介词●1at,on,in用于时间词前介词用法例子at用在具体的时刻前at3：50在3点50分on用在具体某一天前(具体某一天的上午、下午等，星期几，以及上、下午词前有修饰词时)onMonday在周一____arainyevening在一个下雨的晚上in用在年、月、季节及上午/下午/晚上等词前inspring在春天on专题4介词[注意](1)atnight＝inthenight在晚上atnoon在中午atthis/thattime在这/那时atChristmas在圣诞节(2)时间词(morning,afternoon,evening,Sunday…)前有last,next,this,that等时，不再用介词；tomorrow,tonight前也不用介词。如：Iwillgotothecinemathisevening.今晚我将去看电影。专题4介词●2at,in,on用于地点词前介词用法例句at用在小地点前Theyarrivedatasmallvillagebeforedark.他们在天黑前到了一个小村庄。in用在大地点前或指在某个范围之内HearrivedinShanghaiyesterday.他昨天到达了上海。on表示“在某个物体的表面”Thereisabookonthedesk.书桌上有一本书。专题4介词●3across与through1．across表示从物体表面穿过。如：Canyouswimacrosstheriver?你能游过这条河吗？2．through表示从物体内部穿过。如：Theroadruns________theforest.这条公路穿过森林。through专题4介词●4in与after1．“in＋时间段”表示一段时间之后，与将来时连用，回答howsoon引导的问句。如：—Whenareyouleaving?你什么时候离开？—Iamleavingintenminutes.十分钟后我将要离开。专题4介词2．“after＋时间段”与过去时连用；“after＋时间点”可与将来时连用。Theyleftaftertwoweeks.他们是两周之后离开的。Whatareyougoingtodoaftersupper?晚饭后你打算做什么？专题4介词●5inthetree与onthetree;inthewall与onthewall1．inthetree意为“在树上”，表示外来事物在树上停留；onthetree意为“在树上”，表示花、果实、叶子等长在树上。如：Thereisabirdsinginginthetree.有只鸟儿正在树上唱歌。Therearemanyapples____________．树上有很多苹果。onthetree专题4介词2．inthewall和onthewall都表示“在墙上”。inthewall表示物体镶嵌在墙上，onthewall表示物体贴/挂在墙表面。如：Thereisabigwindowinthewall.墙上有一扇大窗户。Thereisamap____________.墙上有一张地图。onthewall专题4介词●6by,with与in介词意义及用法例句by表示“用/以/靠/通过……方法/方式”IlearnEnglishbylisteningtotheradio.我通过听收音机学英语。专题4介词with指“用工具/手/口”等Pleasewritetheletter________apen.请用钢笔写这封信。和……在一起；和；同Ioftengotoschoolwithmysister.我经常和妹妹一起去上学。具有；带有Sheisagirlwithblondhair.她是一个有金黄色头发的女孩。in指“用语言/话语/声音”等PleasesayitinEnglish.请用英语说它。后接表示颜色或服装的词Sheisalwaysinred.她总是穿着红色的衣服。with专题4介词●7between与amongbetween表示“在两者之间”；among表示“在三者或三者以上之间”。如：TomsitsbetweenLucyandLily.汤姆坐在露西和莉莉之间。Theylived________themountainsinthepast.过去他们住在山里。among专题4介词●8besides与except1．besides表示一种累加关系，意为“除了……之外(还有……)”。如：Besideshiswife,hisdaughteralsowenttoseehim.除他妻子外，他的女儿也去看他了。2．except表示一种排除关系，指“除了……之外，不再有……”。如：Noonepassedtheexam________Jim.除了吉姆，没有人通过考试。except专题4介词●9since,for与until介词意义及用法例句since意为“自从……以来”，常用于现在完成时Ihavelivedheresincetenyearsago.自从十年前我就住在这儿了。for意为“历时……之久”Hehasbeenateacherfornineyears.他当老师已经9年了。专题4介词until用于否定句，意为“直到……才”，谓语动词多为非延续性动词Wedon'tseeanyflowersuntilMay.直到五月，我们才会看到一些花。用于肯定句，意为“直到……为止”，谓语动词须用延续性动词Youmustwaituntil10：00.你必须等到十点。专题4介词●10infrontof与inthefrontof1.infrontof表示“在……的前面(某个范围之外)”。There'sasoccerfieldinfrontofthehouse.房子前面有一个足球场。2.inthefrontof表示“在……的前部(某个范围内部)”。Severaloldmenaresittinginthefrontofthebus.几位老人正坐在公交车的前面。专题4介词●11固定搭配1．介词与动词的搭配askfor寻求agreewith同意arrivein/at到达____________赶上getto到达listento听……laughat嘲笑____________寻找lookafter照顾lookat看……catchupwithlookfor专题4介词worryabout担心waitfor等候thinkof认为，想起dependon取决于hearfrom收到……来信_____________为……付钱spend…on…在……上花费……dowellin在……方面做得好helpsb.withsth.在某方面帮助某人turnon/off/up/down打开/关上/调高/调低payfor专题4介词2．介词与名词的搭配attheendof在……末端atonce立刻；马上atthesametime同时intheend最终athome/school在家/学校intime及时____________在阳光下introuble在困境中____________乘公交车ontime按时onfoot步行onduty值日onone'swayto在去……的路上inthesunbybus专题4介词3．介词与形容词的搭配belatefor迟到beafraidof害怕____________擅长befullof充满……befamousfor/as因/作为……出名begood/badfor对……有好处/坏处________________对……感兴趣beangrywith生……的气begoodatbeinterestedin专题4介词┃考点过关┃Ⅰ.用适当的介词填空1．—HowcanIgetmoreinformationaboutthedonationtoYa'an?—[e-mail]．2．—Whydoyoualwayssleep________thelighton?—BecauseI'mafraidofthedark.atwith专题4介词3．Theyarrived________Shanghai________acoldmorning.4．YoucanimproveyourEnglish________readingmore.5．Mr.Wangisstrongly________keepinganimalsinthezoo,becausehethinksanimalsshouldalsoenjoyfreedom.inonbyagainst专题4介词6．WewillbuildanothernewGreatGreenWall________thenorthernpartofChina.7.Johnislookingforward________gettingaletterfromhisparents.8．Wecouldn'tfinishourworksoearly________yourhelp.9．Booksaremade________paperwhilepaperismainlymade________wood.acrosstowithoutoffrom专题4介词10．Shemadeaspecialcardforhermother________Mother'sDaythisyear.11．Theschoolsportsmeetingwillstart________themorningofnextMonday.12．Taiwanis________thesoutheastofChina.13．Manyteenagershavehobbies.Butsometimesthesehobbiescanget________thewayofschoolwork.ononinin专题4介词14．Wheneveryoumeetwithdifficulties,youcanaskthepoliceman________help.15．It'shard________metolearnphysics.It'sverykind________youtohelpmewithit.forforof专题4介词Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成句子1．Jackhaslivedinthetown________(自从……以来)twoyearsago.2．Weall________________(赞同)you.Let'sstartatonce.3．Reading________________________(在阳光下)isn'tgoodforyoureyes.4．Iknewnothingaboutit________(直到)Bettytoldme.sinceagreewithinthesununtil专题4介词5．Chinaisagreatcountry________(具有)alonghistory.6．Howcanyoutypeandtalk________________________________(同时)?7．Thereisabank________(在……后面)thepostoffice.8．Everyonewenthiking________(除……之外)Linda,becauseshewasill.withatthesametimebehindexcept专题4介词9．Tenpeoplevolunteeredtohelpthosesickchildren,________(包括)meandmyfriend.10．It'sdangeroustogo__