云计算_构建未来电力系统的核心计算平台

:1,1,2,1(1.,310027;2./,210003):,,,,:;;:2010206219;:2010207216(200805610020)0,,2[1],:,;;;;,,,,,,,,,,,,,(SCADA),,SCADA,(PMU),,,,(cloudcomputing),,,,Internet[2]Internet,;Internet(ondemand),,,,,,,,134152010810Vol.34No.15Aug.10,2010,,11.1,[2]:;,Internet,[225]:1)(),,,,,2),,,[4],,,,,3),,,(),,,,,,,3,(infrastructureasaservice,IaaS)(platformasaservice,PaaS)(softwareasaservice,SaaS),XaaS[5]IaaSIaaS,PaaSIaaS,InternetPaaS,SaaSIaaS,Internet,,,XaaS,,Internet,,XaaS,,,4)Internet,InternetInternet,,,5),,,,,22010,34(15),,,1.2,,,,,IaaS,,,,:1)(project2oriented),[2],,,,,2)Internet,,Internet,,Internet,(chunk)[2,6],,(datalocality),,(sharedfilesystem)[2],,3),,,,,Internet,SaaS,4),(credentialdelegation)[7](isolation),,,22.1Internet(1),2,,,Internet,Internet,,Internet,,,,,,:3,:1Fig.1StructureofcloudcomputingInternet,SCADA,PMU,,,:,,,,22Fig.2Systemarchitectureofthecloudcomputingplatformforpowersystems,Web(loadbalancer)(computinglogic),WebWeb,4:,;,;,;,,,,4,1),(serviceorientedarchitecture,SOA)[5](applicationprogramminginterface,API),SOA,(:,)SOA,,,(extensivemakeuplanguage,XML),,SOA,,:,,,SOA,,,,,,,,,,42010,34(15)2)ApacheApacheWeb,Web,(URLrewriting)(transportlayersecurity,TLS)(securesocketlayer,SSL)Apache,,,Web3)MySQLMySQL,,,MySQL4)(dynamicloadbalancing)[829];,,,(jobreplication),,,,,GoogleMapReduceGoogleFileSystem(GFS)Dryad/DryadLINQHadoop,2.2,,1),,,,,:[10](functionaldecompositionanddomaindecomposition);[11];[12],,MonteCarlo,[13],:MonteCarlo,,,2)[14],,[15],,[16](differentialevolution),,:[15],,[17],MonteCarloMonteCarlo,3),[18],5,:,,,4),[19],,,[20]5),,,[21222],,[23],MonteCarlo,,,,,,2.3,,,1),,,Internet:,,,Internet,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2),,,,,,Internet3),:,Internet,,,,,(),,,,62010,34(15),2,4),,,,Internet,,Internet,3,,,,SaaS,,,[1]NationalEnergyTechnologyLaboratory,UnitedStatesDepartmentofEnergy.Avisionforthemoderngrid[R/OL].[2010205225].[2]FOSTERI,ZHAOY,RAICUI,etal.Cloudcomputingandgridcomputing3602degreecompared//ProceedingsofGridComputingEnvironmentsWorkshop,November12216,2008,Austin,TX,USA:1210.[3]VAQUEROLM,RODERO2MERINOL,CACERESJ,etal.Abreakintheclouds:towardsaclouddefinition.ACMSIGCOMMComputerCommunicationReview,2009,39(1):50255.[4]GEELANJ.Twentyoneexpertsdefinecloudcomputing,virtualization[J/OL].[2010205220].[5]RITTINGHOUSEJW,RANSOMEJF.Cloudcomputing:implementation,management,andsecurity.BocaRaton,FL,USA:CRCPress,2010.[6]DEANJ,GHEMAWATS.MapReduce:simplifieddataprocessingonlargeclusters.CommunicationsoftheACM,2008,51(1):195822008.[7]MembersofEGEE2.AnEGEEcomparativestudy:gridsandclouds2evolutionorrevolution[R/OL].[2010205220].[8]ATTIYAH,HAMAMY.Twophasealgorithmforloadbalancinginheterogeneousdistributedsystems//Proceedingsofthe12thEuromicroConferenceonParallel,DistributedandNetwork2BasedProcessing:PDP04,February11213,Noisy2Le2Grand,France:4342439.[9]DOBBERAM,KOOLEGM,VANDERMEIRD.Dynamicloadbalancingforagridapplication//ProceedingsofInternationalConferenceonHighPerformanceComputing:HiPC04,December19222,2004,Bangalore,India:3422352.[10]ALOISIOG,BOCHICCHIOMA,LASCALAM,etal.Adistributedcomputingapproachforreal2timetransientstabilityanalysis.IEEETransonPowerSystems,1997,12(2):9812987.[11]HOLLMANJA,MARTJR.RealtimenetworksimulationwithPC2cluster.IEEETransonPowerSystems,2003,18(2):5632569.[12]CHENY,SHENC,WANGJ.DistributedtransientstabilitysimulationofpowersystemsbasedonaJacobian2freeNewton2GMRESmethod.IEEETransonPowerSystems,2009,24(1):1462156.[13]XUZ,ALIM,DONGZY,etal.Anovelgridcomputingapproachforprobabilisticsmallsignalanalysis//ProceedingsofIEEEPESGeneralMeeting,June19,2006,Montreal,Canada:18222.[14]FENGT,FLUECKAJ.Amessage2passingdistributed2memoryparallelpowerflowalgorithm//ProceedingsofIEEEPESWinterMeeting,January27231,2002,NewYork,NY,USA:2112216.[15]WEIQ,FLUECKAJ,FENGT.Anewparallelalgorithmforsecurityconstrainedoptimalpowerflowwithanonlinearinteriorpointmethod//ProceedingsofIEEEPESGeneralMeeting,July12215,2005,SanFrancisco,CA,USA:4472453.[16]LIANGCH,CHUNGCY,WONGKP,etal.Paralleloptimalreactivepowerflowbasedoncooperativeco2evolutionarydifferentialevolutionandpowersystemdecomposition.IEEETransonPowerSystems,2007,22(1):7,:2492257.[17]ALIM,DONGZY,LIX,etal.Agridcomputingbasedapproachforprobabilisticloadflowanalysis//ProceedingsofIETInternationalConferenceonAdvancesinPowerSystemControl,OperationandManagement,October302November2,2006,HongKong,China.[18]WANGH,LIUY.Powersystemrestorationcollaborativegridbasedongridcomputingenvironment//ProceedingsofIEEEPESGeneralMeeting,July12216,2005,SanFrancisco,CA,USA:6442649.[19]ZHOUHF,WUFF,NIYX.Designforgridservice2basedfuturepowersystemcontrolcenters//ProceedingsofIETInternationalConferenceonAdvancesinPowerSystemControl,OperationandManagement,October302November2,2006,HongKong,China.[20]TAYLORGA,IRVINGMR,HOBSONPR,etal.Distributedmonitoringandcontroloffuturepowersystemsviagridcomputing//ProceedingsofIEEEPESGeneralMeeting,June17223,2006,Montreal,Canada.[21]ZHANGP,LEET,SO