最新整理英国文学史复习资料教程文件

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除精品文档英国文学史资料BritishWritersandWorksI.OldEnglishLiterature&TheLateMedievalAgesBeowulf贝奥武夫:thenationalepicoftheAnglo-SaxonsEpic:longnarrativepoemsthatrecordtheadventuresorheroicdeedsofaheroenactedinvastlandscapes.Thestyleofepicisgrandandelevated.e.g.Homer’sIliadandOdysseyArtisticfeatures:1.UsingalliterationDefinitionofalliteration:arhetoricaldevice,meaningsomewordsinasentencebeginwiththesameconsonantsound（头韵）SomeexamplesonP52.Usingmetaphorandunderstatement（保守的陈述）Definitionofunderstatement:expressingsomethinginacontrolledwayUnderstatementisatypicalwayforEnglishmentoexpresstheirideasGeofferyChaucer杰弗里•乔叟1340(?)~1400(首创“双韵体”，英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿（JohnDryden）称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。)ThefatherofEnglishpoetry.Itis____alonewho,forthefirsttimeinEnglishliterature,presentedtousacomprehensive(综合的，广泛的)realisticpictureoftheEnglishsocietyofhistimeandcreatedawholegalleryofvividcharactersfromallwalks此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除精品文档oflife.(A)A.GeoffreyChaucerB.MatinLutherC.WilliamLanglandD.JohnGowerwritingstyle:wisdom,humor,humanity.①TheCanterburyTales坎特伯雷故事集：firsttimetouse‘heroiccouplet’(双韵体)bymiddleEnglish②TroilusandCriseyde特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德③TheHouseofFame声誉之宫MedievalAges’popularLiteraryform:Romance(传奇故事)Famousthree：KingArthurSirGawainandtheGreenKnightBeowulfIITheRenaissancePeriodAperiodofdramaandpoetry.TheElizabethandramaistherealmainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissance.Renaissance:theactivity,spirit,ortimeofthegreatrevivalofart,literature,andlearninginEuropebeginninginthe14thcenturyandextendingtothe17thcentury,markingthetransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.ThreehistoricaleventsoftheRenaissance–rebirthorrevival:此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除精品文档1.newdiscoveriesingeographyandastrology(占星术)2.thereligiousreformationandeconomicexpansion3.rediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekcultureThemostfamousdramatists:ChristopherMarloweWilliamShakespeareBenJohnson.1.EdmundSpenser埃德蒙•斯宾塞1552~1599（后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。）Thepoets’poet.ThefirsttobeburiedinthePoet’scornerofWesterminsterAbbey12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisnotthereasonforthatEdmundSpenserisfamousfor“thepoet’spoet”?(B)A.Spenser’sidealismB.hisstruggleforcriteriaC.hisloveofbeautyD.hisexquisitemelody①TheFaerieQueene仙后(forQueenElizabeth)Thethemeisnot“Armsandtheman”,butsomethingmoreromantic“Fiercewarsandfaithfullloves”.Artisticfeatures:1.UsingSpenserianStanza（诗的一节）DefinitionofSpenserianStanza:astanzaofninelinesababbcbcc.Eight此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除精品文档linesiniambicpentameter（五步抑扬格）,andlastlineiniambichexameter.②TheShepherdsCalendar牧人日历Thethemeistolament（哀悼）overthelossofRosalind.③Amoretti爱情小唱2.ThomasMore托马斯•莫尔1478~1535OneofthegreatestEnglishhumanists①Utopia乌托邦3.FrancisBacon弗兰西斯•培根1561~1626（哲学家、散文家；在论述探究知识的著作中提出了知识就是力量这一著名论断；近代唯物主义哲学的奠基人和近代实验科学的先驱。）Philosopher,scientist,laythefoundationformodernscience.ThefirstEnglishessayist.Writingstyle:brevity,compactness&powerfulness,well-arrangingandenrichingbyBiblicalallusions（暗示，提及）,metaphorsandphilosophytoman’sreason.①TheAdvancementofLearning学术的推进②Essays随笔(famousquotas:Ofstudies)ThethemeofOfStudies:usesandbenefitsofstudyanddifferentwaysadoptedbydifferentpeopletopursuestudies.此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除精品文档4.BenJonson①ComedyofHumours②Volpone,orthefox狐狸5.ChristopherMarlowe柯里斯托弗•马洛1564~1595“UniversityWits”,thepioneerofEnglishdrama（完善了无韵体诗。）Blankverse:writteninunrhymediambicpentameter.14.Marlowegavenewvigorto____withhis“mightylines”(D)A.thePetrarchansonnetB.sestinaC.terzarimaD.blankverse①TheTragicalHistoryofDoctorFaustus浮士德博士的悲剧（根据德国民间故事书写成）②Tamburlaine帖木耳大帝③TheJewofMalta马耳他的犹太人6.WilliamShakespeare威廉•莎士比亚1564~1616①Historicalplays:HenryVI;HenryIV:RichardIII;HenryV；RichardII；HenryVIII②FourComedies:AsYouLikeIt皆大欢喜;TwelfthNight第十二夜;AMidsummerNight’SDream仲夏夜之梦;MerchantOfVenice威尼斯商人③FourTragedies:Hamlet哈姆莱特;Othello奥赛罗;KingLear此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除精品文档李尔王;Macbeth麦克白④ShakespeareSonnet:154TheSonnetsThreequatrainandonecouplet,ababcdcdefefggAsonnetisalyricconsistingof14lines,usuallyiniambicpentameterrestrictedtoadefinitionrhymescheme.IIIThe17thCentury1.JohnMilton约翰•弥尔顿1608~1674（诗人、政论家;失明后写《失乐园》、《复乐园》、《力士参孙》。）①Epics:ParadiseLost失乐园ParadiseRegained复乐园②Dramaticpoem:SamsonAgonistes力士参孙③Areopagitica论出版自由TheDefenceoftheEnglishPeople为英国人民声辩④OnHisBlindness我的失明Thissonnetiswritteniniambicpentameterrhymedinabbaabbacdecde,typicalofItaliansonnet.ItsthemeisthatpeopleusetheirtalentforGod,andtheyservehimbestwhocanendurethesufferingbest.2.JohnBunyan约翰•班扬1628~1688（代表作《天路历程》，宗教寓言，被誉为“具有永恒意义的百科全书”，此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除精品文档是英国文学史上里程碑式著作。与但丁的《神曲》、奥古斯丁的《忏悔录》并列为世界三大宗教题材文学杰作。）Puritanpoet(清教徒派诗人)①ReligionaryAllegory（寓言）:ThePilgrim’sProgress天路历程3.JohnDonnetheMetaphysicalpoet(玄学派诗人).MetaphysicalPoetry(玄学诗)：（用语）thediction（用语，措词）issimple,theimageryisfromtheactual,(形式)theformisfrequentlyanargumentwiththepoet’sbeloved,withgod,orwithhimself.（主题：love,religious,thought）Artisticfeatures:1.conceitsorimagery奇思妙喻2.syllogism三段论①Meditations沉思录TheFlea虱子②SongsAndSonnetsHolySonnets③Valediction（告别演说，告别辞）:ForbiddingMourningIVThe18thCentury：Enlightenment同时为美国独立战争与