成人依恋测量研究

,(,610041),,,,;:G449.7:A:1005-3611(2004)02-0217-04TheAssessmentofAdultAttachmentWUWei-li,FANGLiTheCenterofMentalHealth,WestChinaHospital,SichuanUniversity,Chengdu610041,ChinaAbstractTheassessmentofadultattachmentarebasedonthetheoryofadultattachment.Asweallknow,theadultattach2mentbehaviorscantbeobservedeasilylikeinfantssothemeasurementofadultattachmentaremoredifficultthaninfantattach2ment.Atpresentalotofmeasuretoolsofadultattachmentweredevelopment.Thisarticleintroducestheoverviewofdevelopmentapplicationandthedebatesonadultattachmentmeasurement.KeywordsAdultattachment;Measurement,,,,,,(),1,[1],,,,[2],1985George,KaplanMainAAI,,,,:;;;,,:1.11.1.1(AdultAttachmentInterview,AAI;George,Kaplan,Main,1985)Main,,,,AAI,,(),,;:A.,B.,C.AAI,,:(secure/autonomous);(insecure/dismissing);(insecure/preoccupied);(insecure/unresolved)/,,,/,,,;/,,,,,,,,,7122004122AAI[3,4],AAI;AAI,1.1.2(CurrentRelationshipInterview)[5]AAI,AAI,,A.;B.;C.::,,,,,,,1.1.3(AttachmentInterviews,AI)[6]AIBowlby,Bowlby,[7,8],:,,,();,(,);(),();()1.2Q-1.2.1Q-(AdultAttachmentQ-sort,)[9]Q-(AAI),,:/(deacti2vating)/(hyperactivating),;,,,Q,:Q-,1.2.2Q-(MaritalQ-sort,)[10]Q-:,,,,1.31.3.1(AdultAttachmentQuestionnaire,AAQ)[11],AAQ:AAQ2.0AAQ2.1,AAQ3.0AAQ3.1,94,15AAQ,AAI,1.3.2(AdultAttachmentStyles)HazanShaver,,,,,HazanShaver19871.3.3(ReciprocalAttachmentQuestionnaire,RAQ)(),6():1.3.410(10ItemAttachmentScale,10AS)Brennan,ShaverHazan1989,199572.3%/1.3.5(AdultAttachmentScale,AAS)[12],,18,7,,;;AAS,1.3.6(RelationQuestionnaire,RQ)[6]BartholomewHorowitz1991,,7,Bartholomew812ChineseJournalofClinicalPsychologyVol.12No.22004(ABCD)AB,CDABCHazanShaver/Bartholomew,(),AAIAAQRQ(),,RQ,[13,14]RQ,1.3.7(ExperiencesinCloseRelation2ship-Revised,ECR-R)[15]Fraley,WallerBrennan2000BrennanECR36,,()(),,RQ,2,,,,FraleyWaller:,,,,,,,,,,,[16],:Bartholomew,;HazanShaver,,?:Bartholomew,AAI(),(),Bartholomew,AAICRI3:AdultAttachmentInterview(AAI,Main&Goldwyn,1985,1994)AdultAttachmentStyle(Hazan&Shaver,1987)AttachmwnetHistoryQuestionnaire(AHQ,Pottharst&Kessler,1990)InventoryofParentandPeerAttachment(IPPA,Armsden&Green2berg,1987)AttachmentStylePrototypes(ASP,Levy&Davis,1988)ReciprocalAttachmentQuestionnaire(RAQ,West,Sheldon,&Reif2fer,1987)AdultAttachmentQ-sort(Q,Kobak,1989)10ItemAttachmentScales(10as,Brennan,Shaver&Hazan1989)AttachmentStyleMeasure(ASM,Simpson,1990)AdultAttachmentScale(AAS,Collins&Read,1990)AdultAttachmetQuestionnaire(AAQ,Feeney&Noller1990)PeerAttachmentInterview(PAI,Bartholomew&Horowitz,1991)CurrentRelationshipInterview(CRI,Crowell1990)MaritalQ-sort(Kobal&Hazan,1991)RelationshipQuestionnaire(RQ,Bartholomew&Horowitz,1991)RelationshipScaleQuestionnaire(RSQ,Griffin&Bartholomew,1994)MeasureofAttachmentQualities(MAQ,Carver,1997)AttachmentStyleScale(ASS,Becker&Billings,1997)ExperienceinCloseRelationshipsScale(ECR,Bennan,Clark&Shaver,1998)ExperienceinCloseRelationshipsScale-Revised(ECR-R,Fealey,Waller&Brennan,2000)1AinsworthMDS,BleharM,WatersE,etal.PatternsofAttach2ment:APsychologicalStudyoftheStrangeSituation.Hillsdale,NJ:LawrenceErlbaum,19782HazanC,ShaverP.Attachmentasanorganizationalframeworkforresearchoncloserelationships.PsychologicalInquiry:AnInternationalJournalofPeerCommentaryandReview,19943Bakermans-KranenburgM,VanIJzendoornM.ApsychometricstudyoftheAdultAttachmentInterview:Reliabilityanddis2criminantvalidity.DevelopmentalPsychology,1993,29(5):870-8794BenoitD,ParkerK.Stabilityandtransmissionofattachmentacrossthreegenerations.ChildDevelopment,1994,65(5):1444-14565CrowellJA,TrebouxD.Areviewofadultattachmentmea2sures:Implicationsfortheoryandresearch.SocialDevelopment,1995,4:294-32791220041226BartholomewK,HorowitzL.Attachmentstylesamongyoungadults:Atestofafourcategorymodel.JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,1991,61(2):226-2447Griffin,Bartholomew.Themetaphysicsofmeasurement:Thecaseofadultattachment.AdvancesinPersonalRelationships,1994a,5:17-528Griffin,Bartholomew.Modelsoftheselfandother:Fundamentaldimensionsunderlyingmeasuresofadultattachment.JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,1994b,67(3):430-4459CrowellJA,FraleyRC,ShaverPR.MeasurementofIndividualDifferencesinAdolescentandAdultattachment.InCassidyJ,ShaverPR.HandbookofAttachment-Theory,ResearchandClinicApplications.NewYork:GuilfordPress,1999.434-46510KobakR,HazanC.Attachmentinmarriage:Effiectsofsecurityandaccuracyofworkingmodels.JournalofPersonalityandSo2cialPsychology,1991,60(6):861-86911HazanC,ShaverP.Romanticloveconceptualizedasanattach2mentprocess.JournalofPersonaityandSocialPsychology,1987,52(3):511-52412CollinsN,ReadS.Adultattachmentrelationships.workingmod2elsandrelationshipqualityindatingcouples.JournalofPerson2alityandSocialPsychology,1990,58:644-68313BartholomewK.Avoidanceofintimacy:Anattachmentperspec2tive.JournalofSocialandPersonalRelationship,1990,7:147-17814BartholomewK,HorowitzLM.Attachmentstyleamongyoungadults:Atestodafour-categorymodel.JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,1991,61(2):226-24415FraleyRC,WallerNG,BrennanKA.Anitemresposetheoryanalysisofself-reportmeasuresofadultattachment.JournalofPersonalityanSocialPsycho