新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译

-1-see3Rewritethesentencesusingsee.1In1987therewasamajorstockmarketcrash.1987sawamajorstockmarketcrash.2Theearly1980swasaperiodofsteadyeconomicgrowth.Theearly1980ssawaperiodofsteadyeconomicgrowth.3Longhairmadeabriefreturninthe1990s.The1990ssawabriefreturntolonghair.4Onthefirstdayofthesalestherewerehundredsofpeoplequeuinginthestreets.Thefirstdayofthesalessawhundredsofpeoplequeuinginthestreets.5Therewasgreattechnologicalchangeduringourgrandparents’generation.Ourgrandparents’generationsawagreattechnologicalchange.turnouttobe4Rewritethesentencesusingturnouttobe.1Ithoughttheringwasmadeofgold,butintheenditprovedtobesilver.Ithoughttheringwasmadeofgold,butitturnedouttobesilver.2Shelookedlikemycousin,butshewasactuallyacompletestranger.Shelookedlikemycousin,butsheturnedouttobeacompletestranger.3Thehouseneededalotofworkdoingonit,butitprovedtobeagoodinvestment.Thehouseneededalotofworkdoingonit,butitturnedouttobeagoodinvestment.4Isawsmokerisingfromthebuilding,butitwasafalsealarm.Isawsmokerisingfromthebuilding,butitturnedouttobeafalsealarm.5Ididn’twanttomovetoEngland,butintheenditprovedtobeawisedecision.Ididn’twanttomovetoEngland,butitturnedouttobeawisedecision.collocations5Readtheexplanationsofthewords.Answerthequestions.1hintAhintcanbesomethingyousaytoshowyourfeelingswithoutsayingdirectlywhattheyare,asmallamountofsomething,orapieceofadvice.(a)Ifsomeonehasahintofasmileontheirface,whatdoyousee?Youseejustasmallsignofasmilebutnotapropersmile.(b)Whathelpfulhintswouldyougivesomeonestartingtheirownbusiness?I’dsuggestthattheyneedtohaveaclearfocusonwhatthebusinessisaboutandexactlyhowitwillwork,egthepersonshouldidentifyanicheinthemarketthatthenewbusinesscanfill.(c)Ifyoudropahintaboutwhatyouwouldlikeforyourbirthday,doyouaskforitdirectly?No,ofcoursenot!Youjustfindawaytojoininwithanormalconversationandsaysomethingaboutwhatyouwouldlike.2rangeThiswordcanmeananumberofthingsofthesamegeneraltype,thedistanceorlimitsofsomething,ortomovefreely.(a)Whatcanyoufindinashopwhichstocksawiderangeofproducts?Youcanfindproductsofallkinds,agoodvarietyofthem.(b)Whatwouldbethebestthingtodoifyouwerewithinrangeofsomeonewithagun?Runquicklyawayoutofrangeifthereistime;ifnot,takeshelter.(c)WhichisthebiggestmountainrangeinChina?-2-Well,theHimalayasarethehighest,buttheTianShanorKunlunmountainrangesarelonger.(d)Whathavehenswhichlayfree-rangeeggsbeenabletodo?Theyhavebeenabletorunandwalkaroundfreely,comparedtohenswhicharekeptinsmallcagesorcontainers.3reflectThiswordcanmeantobeasignofasituation,ortothinkcarefullyaboutsomething.(a)Whoseimageisreflectedifyoulookinamirror?Yourownimageisreflectedbacktoyouwhenyoulookinamirror.(b)Doyoubelievethatthestateoftheeconomycanbereflectedintheheightofhemlines?Iwouldn’thavebelieveditbeforeIreadthepassage,butIbelieveitnow!(c)DoyoueverreflectonthemistakesyoumakeinEnglish?Yes,IdotrytoreflectonthembecauseIknowsuchreflectionisagoodwaytoimprovemyEnglish.4riseThiswordcanmeananincreaseinnumber,amountorvalue,ortheachievementofsuccessorpower.(a)WhywasthereasharpriseinunemploymentintheWestinthe1930s?Thesharpriseinunemploymentwasduetothestockmarketcrashandthefinancialcrisis.(b)WhatdoyouknowabouttheriseandfalloftheRomanEmpire?IknowthatoverseveralhundredyearstheRomanEmpireexpanded,butafteratimeitthendeclinedoveralongperiod.There’safamousbookcalledTheRiseandFalloftheRomanEmpire.(c)Doyouliveinahigh-riseblockofflats?IknowthatalotofpeopleincitiesinChinadoliveinlargeapartmentblockswhichhavemanyfloors,maybe15or20ormore,butIliveinaflatinamuchsmallerhouseofjustthreefloors.(d)Whatarethedifferentfactorswhichgiverisetonewfashions?Fashiondesignersproduceinnovationsandnewstyles.Therearechangesintheeconomicsituationsothatpeoplemayspendmoreorlessonclothes;alsonewmaterialsandcoloursbecomeavailable,andpeoplegetdifferentideasaboutwhattowearwhentheytraveltootherplacesorwatchfilmsandTV.6TranslatetheparagraphintoChinese.Sometimesthehemlineindicator,asit’scalled,canevenprecedeandpredictachangeinthemoodofthestockmarketlongbeforeitactuallyhappens.InSeptember2007,attheNewYorkfashionshows,whichweredisplayingtheirstylesforspring2008,thetrendwasformuchlongerdressesandskirts,manytomid-calforevendowntotheankles.Somepeoplefeltthisshowedthatthehemlineindicatorwasnolongerreliable,andthatdesignersnolongerdictatedwhatpeoplewouldwear.DuringtheLondonandNewYorkfashionshowsinSeptember2008,hemlinescontinuedtodrop.Butsureenough,inthefallof2008,thestockmarketindexesfelldramaticallywhenthebankingcrisishittheUS,Europeandthentherestoftheworld.Hemlineswerenolongerfollowingthestockmarket–theywereshowingthewayandindicatingfutureeconomictrends.有时候，所谓的裙摆指标甚至能事先早早就预告股市的变化。2007年9月，纽约时装展展示了2008年春季流行风格，潮流转向了长衣、长裙，许多裙摆降至小腿中线，甚至到了脚踝。有人觉得，这表明裙摆指标靠不住了，或者服装设计师不再左右着装的趋势了。在2008年9月的伦敦和纽约时装展中，裙摆继续下降。果然，2008年秋天金融危机袭击美欧，波及全球，股指急跌。此时，裙摆不再被动追随股市升跌，而是引领潮流，预示未来的经济趋势了。（☞第一句原文复杂，但译成中文较简单。最后一句译文加词，加上“被动”可起强调作用，让本句的意思更明确。）7TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.-3-一个人的穿着似乎能影响他的行为方式。譬如，在校内要穿校服是中小学生所必须严格遵守的规矩之一。倘若在学生着装整齐划一和行为的统一规范之间不存在一种象征性关联的话，校服便不可能如此盛行。然而，多年的学校生活让学生在内心里对随处可见的校服产生了抵触情绪，校服毕竟压制了个性的表达。为了弥补这种损失，学生常常会在周末穿流行的休