ZD6型转辙机故障分析及处理

摘要毕业设计（论文）题目：ZD6系列电动转辙机的维护与故障处理专业：铁道通信信号班级：通号3121学号06304120123姓名：丁伟指导老师：赵文武起止日期：2014.11.27－2015.1.15陕西铁路工程职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）2诚信承诺本毕业设计（论文）是本人独立完成，没有任何抄袭行为，如有不实，一经查出，本人自愿承担一切后果。承诺人：丁伟2015年1月15日陕西铁路工程职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）3毕业设计（论文）总成绩评定表班级通号3121姓名丁伟学号06304120123设计（论文）题目ZD6系列电动转辙机的维护与故障处理成绩指导教师评分答辩评分总成绩指导教师评语：指导教师签名：年月日系毕业设计（论文）答辩小组评语：答辩小组组长签名：年月日陕西铁路工程职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）4注：1.根据专业具体实际情况，如未安排答辩环节，答辩评分及答辩小组评语可不填写。摘要道岔及转换系统是轨道交通必不可少的基础设备，它又是线路上的薄弱环节，需要专门技术和设施来保障通过列车的安全。道岔的转换和锁闭，是直接关系行车安全的关键设备。道岔的操纵分为手动、电动俩种方式。手动是作业人员通过道岔握柄在现场直接操纵道岔的转换与锁闭，这种方式效率低，劳动强度大，不能适应铁路现代化的要求。手动方式正随着非集中连锁的被改造而逐渐减少。电动方式，是由各类转辙机转换和锁闭道岔，易于集中操纵，实现自动化。转辙机用以可靠地转换道岔位置，改变道岔开通方向，锁闭道岔尖轨，反映道岔位置。转辙机是重要的信号基础设备，它对于保证行车安全，提高运输效率，改善行车人员的劳动强度，起到非常重要的作用。为满足列车提速后的行车安全和提高运输效率的要求，道岔转换装置必须高安全、高可靠、长寿命、少维护。ZD6型电动转辙机不能满足这样要求，所以现在广泛采用S700K型电动转辙和ZYJ7型电动液压转辙机。它们的共同特点是：采用外锁闭、尖轨及心轨的动态安全由外锁闭保证；两根尖轨由联动改为分动；尖轨、心轨均用多点牵引，可实现全程密贴以及全程夹异物检查，确保列车运行安全；采用三相异步电动机故障少、寿命长。关键词：道岔；液压转辙机；转换系统；陕西铁路工程职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）5AbstractTurnoutandconversionsystemisanessentialfoundationforrailtransportationequipment,itisalsoaweaklinkline,theneedforexpertiseandfacilitiestoensurethesafetyofthroughtrains.Lockswitchandtheconversionisdirectlyrelatedtothekeytotrafficsafetyequipment.Switchintomanualmanipulation,electrictwoways.Istheoperatortomanuallyswitchhandleinthefieldthroughdirectmanipulationofthetransformationandlockingswitch,whichisinefficientandlabor-intensive,cannotmeettherequirementsofrailwaymodernization.Aremanuallyfocuswiththenon-modificationofthefoodchainwasgraduallyreduced.Electricalmethodpointerfromthevarioustypesofconversionandlockingswitchiseasytofocusonthemanipulationofautomation.Switchtoreliablyswitchthelocationoftheconversiontochangethedirectionofswitchopening,tiplockingswitchtracks,reflectingthepositionswitch.Switchisanimportantsignaloftheinfrastructuretoensureitssafety,toimprovetransportefficiencyandimprovethelaborintensityoftraffic,playaveryimportantrole.Afterthetrainspeedtomeetthetrafficsafetyandimprovetransportefficiency,switchconvertermustbehigh-security,highreliability,longlifeandlessmaintenance.ZD6electricswitchcannotmeetsuchrequirements,sotherearenowwidelyusedinelectricswitchS700Kandelectro-hydraulictypeZYJ7pointer.Theircommoncharacteristics:theuseofexternallocking,sharprailtracksandthedynamicsoftheheartfromoutsidethelocktoensuresecurity;twoapicalraillinkagereplacedbythetransfer;sharptrackbothheart-railtractionwithmulti-pointcanberealizedthroughoutdensepaste,aswellasforeignbodyinthewholefoldertoensurethesafeoperationoftrains;theuseofthree-phaseasynchronousmotorfaultless,longlife.Keywords：Turnout；HydraulicSwitchMachine；Conversionsystem陕西铁路工程职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）6目录第1章概述..............................................................................................................................71.1用途....................................................................................................................................7第2章整机结构及主要部件的作用.............................................................................................82.1结构....................................................................................................................................82.2.2减速器.........................................................................................................82.2.3摩擦联接器.................................................................................................92.2.4转换锁闭装置.....................................................................................................92.2.5接点转换装置.................................................................................................92.2.6挤岔保护装置...............................................................................................102.2.7移位接触器的作用...........................................................................................102.2.8转辙机配线的作用.......................................................................................102.2.9机壳和机盖...................................................................................................102.3转辙机主要部分的技术特点...............................................................................10第3章ZD-6系列电动转辙机传动原理......................................................................................11第4章ZN6系列转辙机常见故障分析与处理............................................................................114.1区分室内外故障.............................................................................................................114.1.1道岔启动电路的区分..........................................................................................114.1.2道岔表示电路的区分..........................................................................................124.2混线故障分析.................................................................................................................124.2.1X1与X2相混......................................................................................................124.2.2x1与x2相混......................................................................................................134.2.3X2与X3相混.