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人教版八年级英语上册短语语法知识点总结初二英语课组2019年[由我校初二英语科组根据最新考纲和近几年中考的趋势加上我校学生的实际情况,结合初二全体英语科组的力量,汇编了这一份重点总结,编好一份学案不易,望同学们能好好利用。]Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation一、必背单词短语。1.相当多quiteafew2.大部分时间mostofthetime3.记日记keepadiary4.买特别的东西buysomethingspecial5.遇见有趣的人meetsomeoneinteresting6.做有趣的事情dosomethinginteresting7.拍了相当多的照片takequiteafewphotos8.决定做某事decidetodosth.9.到达(+大地点)arrivein10.做一个决定makeadecision11.尽力做某事trytodosth12.尝试做某事trydoingsth13.尽某人最大努力做tryone’sbesttodosth.14.感受到,觉得feellike15.想要做某事(feel)feellikedoing16.在过去inthepast17.开始做某事start/begintodo/doing18.由于+n./pron./v-ingbecauseof19.等待waitfor20.足够的钱enoughmoney21另外两个小时anothertwohours22.如此…以至于so…that…23.与…不同bedifferentfrom24.与…相同thesameas25.与…相同thesameas【教材知识点总结】SectionA1.Wheredidyougoonvacation?(P.1)onvacation意为“在度假”,结构“on+名词”表示“在某种状态中”。例句:MyfamilywenttoHainanonvacationlastyear.2....visitedmyuncle(P.1)visit此处用作及物动词,后接人或物做宾语,意为“拜访、看望”,后接表示地点的名词,意为“参观、游览”。例句:Ivisitedmygrandmotherlastweek.例句:DoyouwanttovisitShanghai?3....gowithanyone?(P.2)(1)anyone用作不定代词,意为“有人、任何人”,相当于anybody,用于疑问句和否定句中,在肯定句中用someone或者somebody。但是anyone也可以用在肯定句中,表示“任何一个人”。例句:Didyoumeetanyonefriendlyinthatcity?例句:Anyonecanbehelpfulinsomeway.(2)anyone只能指人,不可以指物,后面不接of短语;anyone既可以指人也可以指物,后可接of短语。例句:Youcanaskanyoneofusaboutthisquestion.4....buyanythingspecial?(P.2)(1)buy用作双宾语动词,表示“买”,常用的结构为“buysb.sth.”或者“buysth.forsb.”,表示“为某人买某物”。例句:Myfatherboughtmeabike.=Myfatherboughtabikeforme.【拓展】可接双宾语的动词还有give,bring,show,tell,sell等。givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.给某人某物bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.把某物带给某人showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.给某人看某物tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.告诉某人某物sellsb.sth.=sellsth.tosb.把某物卖给某人(2)形容词修饰复合不定代词(something/body/one,anything/body/one,nothing/body/one,everything/body/one)时,放在复合不定代词后面。例句:Ihave_______________________(一些重要的事情)totellyou.5.Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.(P.2)takephotos意为“拍照、照相”,takeaphoto/photosofsb./sth.意为“给……拍照”。例句:We_________(take)manyphotosontheGreatWalllastyear.例句:Couldyou_______(take)aphotoofus?6.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.(P.2)mostof表示“……中大多数”,后接可数名词或者不可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于后面所接名词的单复数。例句:Mostofthefood_________(go)bad.例句:Mostofus________(be)goingtothepark.7.No,Iboughtnothing.(P.3)nothing用作不定代词,表示“没有任何东西”,相当于notanything。例句:Ididnothingspeciallastmonth.=Ididn’tdo____________speciallastmonth.8.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?(P.3)haveagoodtime表示“玩得开心”,后接动词ing,表示“做某事很开心”,haveagoodtime相当于enjoyoneself/havefun。例句:Wehadagoodtimeattheparty.=Weenjoyedourselvesattheparty.=Wehadfunattheparty.9.Howdidyoulikeit?(P.3)Howdoyoulike...?意为“你认为……怎么样”,相当于Howdoyoufeelabout...?或者Whatdoyouthinkof...?例句:-Howdoyou_________thefilm?-Wonderful.-A.thinkofB.like10.Didyougoshopping?(P.3)goshopping表示“去购物、去买东西”,相当于dosomeshopping。类似的短语还有:goswimming,goskating,gofishing,gohiking,goboating,gocamping等。Iwentshoppingandboughtsomethingformyparents.11.Ofcourse!(P.3)ofcourse意为“当然”,相当于sure或者certainly。例句:-MayIborrowyourdictionary?例句:-Ofcourse!12.Stillnooneseemedtobebored.(P.3)(1)seem用作系动词,表示“似乎、好像”,常用的结构有:seem+adj./tobe/that+句子。例句:Thestory__________(seem)true.例句:Whathesaidseemed__________(be)alie.例句:It________(seem)thattheyaregoingtopulldownthehouse.(2)bored表示“感到厌倦的”,用来说明人的感受;boring表示“令人厌烦的、单调的”,用来说明事物的特征。例句:Thefilmwassoboringthatalmostanyonefeltbored.【拓展】以ed结尾的形容词,通常用来修饰或者描述人,以ing结尾的动词,通常用来修饰或者描述物,类似的形容词还有:interesting/interested;exciting/excited;surprising/surprised。SectionB1.Whatactivitiesdoyoufindenjoyable?(P.5)(1)find这里表示“发现、觉得”,宾语后常接宾语补足语,常用的结构有:findsb./sth+n./adj./doingsth./介词短语。例句:Thestudentsfind_________(she)akindteacher.例句:Ifindthebook_________(use).例句:WhenIpassedhishouse,Ifoundhiswife__________(cook).例句:Finally,theyfoundtheboyinthetree.(2)enjoyable是enjoy的形容词形式,表示“有趣的、令人愉快的”。例句:I’msurethatwewillhaveanenjoyablevacation.例句:ThejobisenjoyableandIlikeit.2.IarrivedinPenanginMalaysiathismorningwithmyfamily.(P.5)arrive作不及物动词,表示“到达”,接宾语时,需要加上介词in或者at。例句:Whendidyouarrive?例句:Wearearrivingatthestationattwoo’clock.【拓展】reach表示“到达”时,是及物动词,后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。另外两个表示“到达”的动词(get和arrive)都是不及物动词,getto+地点;arrivein/at+地点。3....sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel.(P.5)例句:decide表示“决定”时,常用的结构为:decidetodosth.“决定做某事”。例句:Thegovernmentdecidedtobuildanotherschoolinthisvillage.4.MysisterandItriedparagliding.(P.5)trydoingsth.“尝试做某事”;trytodosth.“尽力做某事”。例句:Thedoctortriestosavethesickgirl.例句:Theboytriedplayingthepiano.【拓展】try也可以用作名词,表示“尝试”,haveatry表示“尝试一下”。I’mgoingtohaveatry.5.IfeltlikeIwasabird.(P.5)feellike此处表示“感觉像”,后接从句。Hefeelslikeheisswimming.【拓展】feellike还可以表示“想要”,后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语,feellikedoingsth.=wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.Doyoufeellike__________(go)outforawalkwithme?=Wouldyoulike_________(go)outforawalkwithme?=Doyouwant__________(go)outforawalkwithme?6.Therearealotofnewbuildingsnow...(P.5)alotof相当于lotsof表示“许多”,可以用来修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。Thereisalotofraininsummerinthisplace.【拓展】只修饰不可数名词的量词有:alittle,little,agreatdealof,much,toomuch只修饰可数名词的量词有:afew,few,several,many,toomany,anumberof既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的量词有:some,any,alotof,lotsof,plentyof7.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.(P.5)wonder表示“好奇、想知道”,后接whether/if,what,who,why等引导宾语从句。例句:Iwonderwhattheyaredoingnow.例句:Iwonderifyoucanhelpme.8.Ireal
本文标题:新人教新目标版八年级英语上册短语语法知识点汇总
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