动词ing形式做主语和宾语

Haveyoueverseenthesesigns?parking,spitting,littering,smoking-ingformsThe–ingformastheSubjectandObjectUnit2一、动名词的形式主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone1.动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作,谓语动词用单数。如：Readingaloudisveryimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage.ToreadaloudwillhelpyouimproveyourEnglish.动词-ing形式作主语Ing做主语和动词不定时做主语有什么不同？动名词常常表示泛指的动作，而不定式通常指具体的动作。1.动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作,谓语动词用单数。如：Readingaloudisveryimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage.ToreadaloudwillhelpyouimproveyourEnglish.动词-ing形式作主语二、功能及用法(作主语)1.名词作主语时，句子有三种形式：①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。1)捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的._______________________issomethingweshouldneverdo．2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。____________________isveryimportantforme．3)说比做容易。___________iseasierthandoing.PlayingtricksonothersLearningnewwordsTalking•②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如nouse,nogood,fun,hardwork,ahard/difficultjob,awasteoftime等;形容词有:dangerous,worthwhile,useless等。如：It’snousesweepingtears.Itwasawasteoftimedoingsuchathing.Exer.P13_二、功能及用法(作主语)归纳:常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：It+be+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪费时间的Itis/wasnogood/usedoing做……是没用处的Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做……不值得Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做……是值得的③在therebe+no+v-ing结构中作主语，=“Itisimpossibletodo…”表示“没法……不允许...”。如：1)Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit．若要人不知，除非己莫为。2)这种事开不得玩笑。Thereis________________aboutsuchmatter.3)无法知道他什么时候离开。Therewas_____________whenhewouldleave.二、功能及用法(作主语)nojokingnoknowingThereisnodoing无法……;不允许……•Thereisnosenseindoing做…没有道理•Thereis/wasnousedoing干…无意义•Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing•没有比…更糟的•Thereis/wasnopointdoing干…无意义•我们不知道要去哪儿。•Therewasnoknowingwherewewouldgo.•做这件傻事毫无意义。•Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.注意:Thereisnoneedtodosth干……没必要,在此句式中todo不可换为doing.没有必要告诉她。Thereisnoneedtotellher.1.有些动词和短语等后能接动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能接动词不定式。如：We’reconsidering_________(pay)avisittotheScienceMuseum.I’mfondof_________(collect)stampsandcoins.动词-ing形式作宾语payingcollecting考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想，避免错过继续练，否认完成停能赏，不禁介意准逃亡，不准冒险凭想象。常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardonadmit,delay/putoff,fancyavoid,miss,keep/keepon,practisedeny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciatecan’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escapeforbid,risk,imagine这类动词还有:giveup,insiston,mention,feellike,preferdoingtodoing,endup,bebusy(in),prevent/stop/keep…from…protect/preserve…from..payattentionto,beaccustomedto,beusedtodoing,getdownto…,stickto,leadto,objectto等。我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。Wemusttrytoavoid________thesamemistake．晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗?Doyoufeellike______awalkwithmeaftersupper?人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。Peoplecouldn’thelp________thatfoolishman．repeatinghavinglaughing注：need,require,want作“需要”解时,后接动词-ing形式作宾语,主动形式表示被动意义,相当于tobedone。Theradioneeds/requires/wants____________________________（repair）.repairing/toberepaired2.既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见的有:begin,start,continue,like,love,prefer,by,mean,forget，remember,hate等。A.like,love,hate,prefer用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示具体的一次性动作。B.在begin/start,continue之后,用动名词和不定式,意义无甚区别.C.在动词forget,remember,regret之后意义不同不要忘了给你母亲写信。Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother．我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。Iregretmissingthereport．我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradvice．goondoinggoontodomeandoingmeantodostopdoingstoptodo做某事继续做原来做的事接着做另一件事意味着要做某事想要做某事停止做某事停下来(别的事)开始trydoing试着做某事trytodo努力做某事beusedtodoing习惯于做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事can'thelpdoing禁不住做某事can'thelptodo不能帮助做某事V-ing形式的复合结构Doyoumindmycominglateforthefilm?Mary’sbeinglateforclassmadeherteacherangry.mecominglateforthefilm?物主代词与名词所有格与V-ing构成逻辑上的主谓关系形容词性物主代词+doing名词’s+doing代词宾格+doing名词+doing作主语、宾语作宾语________madehimveryupset.A.HislosingbikeB.Tom’slosingbikeC.HimlosingbikeD.Tomlosingbike注：动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not，带有逻辑主语时not应在动词-ing形式之前。如：__________________(没有刷牙)madehersmellbad.Yourschoolmate’s____________________(没有按时回家)madeherparentsworried.Notcleaningherteethnotcominghomeintime1.Billsuggested_____ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.A.havingheldB.toholdC.holdingD.hold2.Thewomanfounditnogood_____herdaughtertoomuchmoney.A.givingB.beinggivenC.givenD.gave3._____madethestudent____interestinhisstudies.A.Beingpunished;toloseB.Punished;loseC.Beingpunished;loseD.Havingbeenpunished;lost4.OurEnglishteachersuggestedwepractise_____Englisheveryday.A.tospeakB.speakC.speakingD.spoke5.Ireallycan’tunderstand____herlikethat.A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating6.____thehomeworkmadehisfatherlosehistemper.A.Theboy’snothavingdoneB.TheboynothavingdoneC.Theboy’shavingnotdoneD.Theboyhavingnotdone•根据括号内的汉语提示,完成下列句子。1._____________(大声朗读)inthelibraryisabadhabit.2.It’snouse_____________(像这样谈话).3.Inmymind,____________________________(进入那所著名的大学)willbetheonlywaytobecomeaworld-classwriter.Readingaloudtalkinglikethisattendingthefamousuniversity4.Marygotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forshecouldn’trisk________________________(丢失这个好机会).5.Heremembered______________________________(没有完成作业),sohegotupearlytodoitthenextmorning.losingthegoodopportunitynothavingfinishedhishomework