新概念2册-39课-宾语从句

语法专项------宾语从句一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句即用一个句子作主句的宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）IknowMr.LiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheanswerwasright.(句子作宾语）Pleasefindtheobjectofeachsentence.WhichofthefollowingsentenceshasanObjectClause?1.Iwillbuyabike.2.IthinkMrZhangisaverygoodteacher.3.Helikesmeat.4.ShecanspeakEnglishandFrench.5.MrSmithknewhissonmadesomemistakes.6.Theshopsellsdifferentkindsoffood.7.Icanseetheboysareplayingfootball.8.Wehaveplantedhundredsoftreesintheschool.√√√这些划线部分都可以用________来提问。what二、宾语从句三要素连接词时态语序（一）连接词1.that连接__________________2.whether/if连接_____________3.代词whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.副词whenwhywherehow3、4连接______________一般疑问句一般陈述句特殊疑问句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略1.Ihear(that)_________________________.(一小时后他会回来）2.Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）3.Theteachertoldus(that)______________________________.（地球围着太阳转）hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句Iwanttoknow______________________________________.2.Askhim_________________________.3.Iwonder____________________________.4.Couldyoutellme________________________?if/whetherhewillgototheparkwithuswhether/ifhecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornotif/whether“是否”，常用在ask,wonder,findoutcan(could)…tellme,don’tknow,don’tcare等后。whether/ifMr.Liliveshere只能用whether不能用if的情况1.在_______后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在________________前：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.介词动词不定式3.当与_______连用，MaryaskedwhetherornotIwouldattendthespeechcontest.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.________________时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.5.当会产生歧义时：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook.ornot提出两种选择宾语从句提前或_____________时:ⅹ1.Heasked_____________________________.2.Doyouknow_________________________?3.Heasked_______________________________.4.Doyouknow_________________________?5.Pleasetellme_____________.6.Canyoutellme________________________?7.Couldyoutellme______________________?whocouldanswerthequestionwhomtheyarewaitingforwhosebikewasthebestintheclasswhenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislate由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。选择正确的连接词1.Canyoutellme______youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that2.Idon'tknow______theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where3.Ihardlyunderstand______hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who4.Shedidn'tknow______backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbeD.wouldhewhetherbe5.Idon'tknow____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when☆☆☆☆☆6.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterday?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow7.Heaskedme______toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose8.Peterasked______dictionarythiswas.A.whoseB.who’sC.whichD.that9.Itoldhim______wasmybook.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose10.Mumaskedme____Iwouldgoshoppingwith.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.whom☆☆☆☆☆（二）语序：陈述句语序即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）HeaskedmewhenIwasgoingtothebookstore.当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?What(has)happened?Whichisthewayto…?Who’soverthere?Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Doyouknowwhowillgiveusaspeechthisafternoon?Iwanttoknowwhatcanbedoneaboutit.陈述句语序1.Theydon'tknow______.AwhataretheirparentsBwhattheirparentsareCwhowastheirparentsDthattheirparentarewho2.Pleasetellme______lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkC.whereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked3.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit☆☆☆4.Youmustremember________.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid5.Didyouknow______?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoishelookingafter6.Couldyoutellme______?A.whenwilltheyleaveforBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveforBeijingC.whentheywillleaveforBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveforBeijing☆☆☆（三）时态(时态一致性）主句用现在时态，从句可用任何时态（按需要）。Iknowheisateacher.Iknowhewasateacherthreeyearsago.Iknowhehasbeenateacherfor3yearsIknowhewillbeateacheraftergraduation.主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态。但从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。Iknewhewasateacher.Iknewhehadbeenateacherfor3years.Iknewhewouldbeateacheraftergraduation.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时\过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时时态一致练习1.Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.cantakeB.takeC.takesD.wouldtake2.Catherinesaidthatshe_____toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey_____adictationtoday.A.wouldhaveB.hasC.willhaveD.are4.SheaskedLindaif_____goandgetsomechalk.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5.Lindasaidthemoon_____roundtheearth.A.traveledB.hastraveledC.travelsD.hadtraveled1.Theradiosaysit______cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthe