新版新目标英语八年级下册unit-1知识点总结

1八年级英语下册单元知识点总结Unit1What’sthematter?一．重点短语归纳1.foot---feet脚复tooth---teeth牙齿复2.haveacold感冒3.haveastomachache胃疼4.haveasoreback背疼5.haveasorethroat喉咙疼6.haveafever发烧7.liedownand(havea)rest躺下休息havearest休息8.hotteawithhoney加蜜的热茶9.seeadentist看牙医seeadoctor看医生10.drinklotsofwater多喝水11.lotsof,alotof,许多。大量alotalotof=lotsof，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中。：Therearelotsof（alotof）booksinourlibrary.Thereisalotofwateronthegroundalot,是一个副词词组，跟动词连用；表示十分，很等意思；Thanksalot.12.haveatoothache牙疼13.That’sagoodidea好主意14.gotobed去睡觉gotobedearly早上床睡觉15.feelwell感到好feelill感到不舒服Idon’tfeelwell=I’mnotfeelingwell16.startdoing/todosth开始做某事todo是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情doing是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情。17.twodaysago两天前18.getsomerest多休息,休息一会儿19.Ithinkso我认为是这样20.bethirsty口渴21.behungry饥饿22.bestressedout紧张23.listentomusic听音乐24.healthylifestyle健康的生活方式25.traditionalChinesedoctors传统中医26.needtodosth需要做某事27.toomuch+不可数名词太多的…muchtoo+形/副实在太…极其，非常toomany+可数名词复数太多的…28.begoodforsth./doingsth.对什么有益，对什么有好处bebadforsth./doingsth.对什么有害begoodto对…好begoodat=dowellin在……方面好，擅长begood(bad)for、begoodat的相关用法29.getgoodgrades取得好成绩30.angry用法beangrywithsb生某人的气beangryat/aboutsth就某事生气31.It’seasytodosth做某事是容易的。2It’simportanttodosth.做某事很重要。32.balanceddiet平衡饮食33.gettired感到疲倦be/gettired34.stayhealthy保持健康=keephealthy=keepingoodhealth35.Heshouldn’teatanything=Heshouldeatnothing.他不应当吃任何东西.36.givesb.someadvice给某人建议giveadvice提出建议advice是不可数名词apieceofadvice一则建议takeone’sadvice采纳或听从某人的建议49.sleep8hoursanight每晚睡眠八小时getenoughsleep得到充足的睡眠50.takemedicine吃药服药二、重点短语句型详解1.What’sthematter?怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/'mætə(r))/n.问题；事情What’sthematterwithyou?=What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了？【注】：matter和trouble为名词，其前可加the或形容词性物主代词，wrong是adj.不能加the【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。即：What’sthematterwithsb.?=What’syourtrouble?=What’sup?=Whathappenstosb.?—What’sthematterwithyou?—Ihaveabadcold.2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒haveafever发烧haveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼3.身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4.muchtoo+形容词，意为太......，toomuch+名词，意为很多，大量。5.liedown躺下，lie躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied6.agree同意，赞同；agreewithsth.同意某事如：Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意见如：IagreetoLiLei.7.trouble问题，麻烦beintrouble遇到麻烦maketrouble制造麻烦havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth做......有麻烦。8.advice[不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见，givesb.adviceonsth.就某事给某人建议；advise[动词]advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事advisesb.doingsth.9.hurt及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，Hehurthislegwhileexercising.不及物动词，……（部位）疼。Hisleghurtbadly.10.hit（用手或器具）打；击打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；hitsb.intheface/eye/stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。3beusedtosth./doingsth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.Maryisnotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.get/becomeusedtosth./doingsth.“变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作：It’sdifficultforonetogetusedtoanothercountry’shabit.11.runout用完，用尽Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用尽了。人sb.runoutofsth.人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.12.risk(sb.)todosth.冒险去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒险13.theimportanceof(doing)sth.（做）某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要（性），importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.不重要的decision【名词】决定；抉择；makeadecision做决定;makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.。14.beinthecontrolof…掌管，管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol无法控制，无法管理beundercontrol被控制住，在控制之中15.【复习】mind介意，minddoingsth.介意做某事,Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?16.giveup(doing)sth.放弃（做）某事，giveup(playing)computergames；giveup后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如:Nevergiveupeasily.三、重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法】1.可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。如：Mariaboughtherselfascarf.Wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.2.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如：Sheisn’tquiteherselftoday.3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。如：SheherselfwillflytoLondontomorrow.Imetthewriterhimselflastweek.4.用在某些固定短语当中。lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顾自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得高兴，过得愉快helponeselftosth请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）.hurtoneself摔伤自己saytooneself自言自语leavesb.byoneself把某人单独留下buyoneselfsth.给自己买……东西introduceoneself介绍……自己【提醒】1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.(正)Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.2.反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’sown.第4页共4页如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I’mdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.(正)I’mdrawingwithmyowncrayons.