(完整版)外研社一起小学英语二年级下语法总结及练习题

二年级下语法一般现在时一、功能：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。二、构成：1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。注意：（我用am，你用are，三单is，复数are。）肯定句：主语+be+其它。如：Heisaworker.他是工人。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。(be动词移到句首)，如：Isheaworker？特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。Whereisyourbike?2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。）肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：Ilikebread.否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：Heofterplaysfootball.Hedoesn'toftenplayfootball.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加助动词do,does）如：Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Doesshegotoschoolbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesshegotoschool?三、动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies四、一般现在现在时常见时间状语Alwaysusually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month)练习题用am,is,are填空1.I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not.2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.3.Thedog_______tallandfat.4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?6.Where_____yourmother?She______athome.7.How_______yourfather?8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.9.Whosedress______this?10.Whosesocks______they?11.That______myredskirt.12.Who______I?13.Thejeans______onthedesk.14.Here______ascarfforyou.15.Here______somesweatersforyou.16.Theblackgloves______forSuYang.17.Thispairofgloves______forYangLing.18.Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme.19.Sometea______intheglass.20.GaoShan'sshirt_______overthere.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DavidandTom_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Mike_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.按照要求改写句子1.DavidwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)____________________________________________________________________________________3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)___________________________________________________________________________________4.Helenlikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)____________________________________________________________________________________________5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________8.JimcomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________________________________________10.TomandDavidlikegoingskating.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________5.Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________一般现在时翻译练习1.我们每天七点钟上学。We________________________atseveno’clock_________________.2.教室有一些学生。There________________________intheclassroom.3.我们非常喜欢英语。We_______English______________.4.他常常步行去上学。Heusually___________________________________.5.他努力学习英语。He________________hard.6.他不在家里做作业。He_______________________________athome.7.我们星期天不去学。We____________________________onSundays.8.他经常十点钟睡觉。Heoften__________________________________.9.有时我五点钟起床。Sometimes,I____________________________.10.他们早上七点钟去上学。They_____________________atseven________________________.现在进行时一、概念表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情．往往与now,atthemoment,just等副词连用,以示强调．如Wearewaitingforyou.Whatareyoudoing?Someone’sknockingatthedoor．结构：助动词be(am/is/are)+现在分词.二、现在分词的构成：1.大多数动词后可在动词后直接加-ing．如:carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking,enjoy-enjoyinghurry-hurrying,do-doing,read-reading,2.如果动词以-e结尾,则去掉-e,再加-ing,如come-coming,have-having,make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using．3.如果动词只有一个元音字母,而其后跟有一个辅音字母时,将此辅音字母双写,再加-ing如：hit-hitting,let-letting,put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting．三、句型结构：1.现在进行时的肯定形式、否定形式、疑问形式及其回答,所有变化都体现在助动词be(is/am/are)上．1)现在进行时的肯定形式：主语+be(am/is/are)+doing+其他成分Iamsinging.Theyarewriting.2)现在进行时的否定形式:主语+be(am/is/are)+not+doing+其他成分Iamnotsinging.Theyaren’twriting.3）一般疑问句及回答：be(am/is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分AmIsinging?Yes,youare./No,youaren’t.Aretheywriting?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.4)特殊疑问句及回答:特殊疑问词+be(am/is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分Whatareyoudoing?Weareplaying(要求就提问内容具体回答).2.缩写形式如下:Iam---I’mYouare---You’reHeis---He’sSheis---She’sItis---It’sWeare---We’reTheyare---They’re3.说明:不是所有动词都能用现在进行时态的,如：see、like、want、know等动词往往都不用进行时态．练习题I____________(fly)akitenow.He_______