英美文学期末问答题核心内容

RipVanWinkles1.ComparethedifferentsituationsinthevillageforRipVanWinklebeforeandafterhis20-yearsleep.—Before:peaceful,phlegm(冷静)drowsytranquility,quietlittleinn—After:populous,large,theirdressaltered;hustling;busy;bustlingdisputatious;2.DoyouthinkRip’swifeisalsoawell-developedfigure?Howdoesthisfigureimpressyou?—Yes,Rip’swifeisdiligent,hard-working,shrew,responsible,butsheloveshisfamiliesandfullofresponsibilities.ScarletLetterA.Naturalsymbolspresentthingsfortheideapeoplecommonlyassociatewiththem.i.Eg,astarforhope,nightfordeath,rainoftenforfertilityortherenewaloflife.B.Conventionalsymbolspresentthingforthemeaningspeoplewithinaparticulargrouphaveagreedtogivethem.C.Literarysymbolssometimesbuilduponnaturalorconventionalsymbols,addingmeaningsappropriateprimarilywiththeworkathand,butsometimestheyalsocreatemeaningswithinaworkforthingsthathavenonaturalorconventionalmeaningoutsideit.Eg,aChristiancrossfortheassociationitevokesinpeoplefamiliarwiththereligion.1.Whatsymbolshaveyoufoundintheselection?Explain.—A：sin,adultery(通奸)；Adam;apostle;ambivalence(矛盾心理，矛盾情绪);Abba(father);Arthur(Dimmesdale);—Hester:Adultery;Anguish;Agony;Alone;Alienation（疏远）;Able;Aid;Angle2.WhoempowersDimmesdaletostandonthescaffold?—God/Strongguilty/love3.WhydoesDimmesdalewanttoreveal?—Hissinwasforgiven.—Hewantedtobesowed,selwared,liveinnocentandwithoutsin.—Hewantedtogetridofthewoman'shusband.—Hewantedtobeforgivenbygod.4.WhydoesChillingworthtrydesperatelytostopDimmesdalefromconfessinghissinsonthescaffold?—①HewantstotortureDimmesdaleagainandkillhimslowly.—②ComparewithDimmesdale,Chillingworthismoresinful.SongofMyself1.Whatdoes“I”and“You”standfor?—“I”whichservesasnarrator,whoshouldnotbelimitedtoorconfusedwiththepersonofthehistorical.You:Reader.2.Explainthesymbolicmeaningof“aspearofsummergrass”.—“Grass”isasymbolofhopeandyouth,“spear”isasymbolofmaleenergy,and“summer”isthehotseason.Allthethreeimagesputtogetherformanenergeticandhopefulpicture,whichindicatesWhitman’soptimismandexperience.3.Whatdoes“Creedsandschoolsinabeyance”referto?—Astateofbeingtemporarilysetasidethereligion.TheAdventureofHuckleberryFinn1.Readthefirstparagraphcarefully,especiallythelastsentenceanddetectitslanguagefeatures.—A.Fullofmistakes.B.Thelastsentenceissolongwithwronggrammaticalstructure.2.HowdoesHuck,aboywithrebelliousspirit,cometobearealherointhereader’smind?—AllofHuck’sheroicvirtuescomefromhisgoodheartandhissenseofhumanity.A.Helovesfreedom.Whenheisadoptedbyawidow,infact,hedoesn’tlikethewell-behavedlifeandheprefersthefreeandeasylife.B.Heisasmartboywhodevisesanillusionwhichisabouthisdrowndeath,ashisfatherisadrunkwhoalwaysbeatshim.Finally,hemanagestoescapefromhisfatherwithhisintelligence.C.HeisanuprightandfriendlyboywhohelpsJim,aBlackslave,toescapeforfreedom.HechangeshissocialprejudiceanddiscriminationtobelievethatJimisnotonlyaman,butalsoagoodman.D.HeisanhonestandbraveboywhomeetstwofraudscalledtheKing,andtheDuke,butstillkeepsanhonestheartindifficulties.E.Heiskeenontheindividualism.AfterhesavedJim,herefusestobeadoptedagainbuttochooseanindividuallife.3.ElaborateonMarkTwain’suseoflanguageinthestory.—A.Inhisstory,hiswordsarecolloquial,concreteanddirectineffect,andhissentencestructurearesimple,evenungrammatical,whichistypicalofthespokenlanguagewithaseriesof“thens”andsemi-colonsservingasconnectives.B.Hemakesfulluseofcomicjargonanddialect.Furthermoreheintentionallydeviatesfromclassicalliterarytraditionandcreatesgenuine.Americanstyle-easy,informal,andunaffected.4.Whydowesayitisarealistnovel?—A.ThisnoveltouchesonallkindsofpeoplewhoarefromdifferentranksalongtheMississippiRiver.Huck,hisfather,Jim(fromthelowerclass)theswindlers(theDukeandtheDauphin),ColonelSherburn(fromtheupperclass)andthedrunkardBoggs,allthesecharactershasprototypesinreallife.Thefactofthewildernessjuxtaposedwithcivilization,thepeoplealongtheRiverhalfwildandhalfcivilized,manyofwhomarecoarse,vulgar,andbrutal.SuchastheBlacksbeingsoldinthemarketplaceslikeanimals.B.Ittouchesonvarioussocialproblemswhichincludeslavery,education,religionandhatredbetweenfamilies.C.Thetruthfulnessofdetails.SuchasHuck'sfatherwhoisadrunkabusedHuckandwantstogetHuck'smoney.SuchastheBlackslave,JimwhoaspiresfreedomandequalityverymuchandbecomesfreewiththehelpofHuckintheadventure.Suchasthetwofrauds,claimthemselvesasthenoblemanbutactuallyareswindlersfraudHuckandsaleJim.IndianCamp1.WhydidNick’sfatherapologizetohimafterthehusbandwasfounddead?—A.BecauseNickisasensitivelittleboy,Nick’sfatherfearsthatthehusbanddeathwouldbeatraumatohim.B.Butthetraumareallyhappened.2.Whydidthehusbandkillhimself?—A.Themiserableexperienceofhiswifegivingbirth,makesthehusbandfellmorepainful.B.Thedoctor’sattitudetowardshiswifeissoindifferentandcold.Forexample,whenhiswifecriedout,thedoctorsaidhehasn’tanyanaestheticanddoesn’thearthembecausetheyarenotimportant.ThesewordsindicatethepoorlivingconditionofIndiansandlifeissodifficultforthem.C.Theprocess,hiswifeisgoingtohaveababy,isseenbymanymen.Hedoesn’twanttobeartolife,becauseitisveryinsufferabletohim.D.Hehadcuthisfoodverybadlywithanaxthreedaysbefor