高中英语状语从句精讲精练

及第中学高三英语语法专题复习编制：审核：时间：Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday今日事,今日毕1高三英语语法专题复习之状语从句学习目标：1.熟悉各种状语从句的基本用法2.灵活使用状语从句的连词I定义：状语从句修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征。II.考点与难点归纳一.时间状语从句考点一1).Hewasabouttotellmethesecretwhensomeonepattedhimontheshoulder.2).Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepiano.归纳:1.when常用于下列句式：意为“这时，突然”。常用句式1)______________________2)______________________3)_______________________4)_______________________5)______________________2.when可以表“既然”，如：HowcanIhelpthemtounderstandwhentheywon’tlistentome?考点二:1).ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain,whilethequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest.2).WhileIacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.归纳：1.while引导时间状语从句,意为“当…时”2.while作为并列连词，意为“______”,表对比。3.while也引导让步状语，意为“________”,相当于although（不倒装）考点三1).－DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?－Yes.IgaveittoherthemomentIsawher.2).Hardlyhadheenteredtheofficewhenherealizedthathehadforgottenhisreport.归纳：1._________,theminute,_________；directly,instantly,immediately等引导时间状语从句，相当于assoonas的意思。2.一些含有time的名词短语，如____________________________________等引导时间状语从句。3.hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than..结构中，如果hardly或nosooner置于句首，句子必须_____________,主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去式。考点四1).Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlisteners’curiosityuntilhereachestheendofthestory.2).ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.归纳：1.not…until…，意为“_________________”，谓语动词为非延续性的。2.until/till从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是_______动作，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”.3.not…until…的强调句型为_______________________________________4.till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.考点五:及第中学高三英语语法专题复习编制：审核：时间：Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday今日事,今日毕21).Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituationbeforeitgotworse.2).Scientistssayitwillbefiveyearsbeforeitispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.3).Itis/hasbeenalmostfiveyearssincewesaweachotherlasttime.归纳：1.Before的含义:还未...就…;不到…就…;…才…;趁…;还没来得及…就…”.before从句的动作发生于主句动作之后。2.since意为“自…以来”，从句动作发生于主句之前。在“Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句”句型中,时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。①Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.战争爆发已有三年了。②ItisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigar(=sinceIstoppedsmokingacigar).我不吸烟有三年了。二.条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的从属连词有:if,unless,as/solongas,incase(万一),onconditionthat,once(一旦……就……)等。三.让步状语从句1.引导让步状语从句的从属连词有although/though,evenif/though,,while,,as等。though与although可互换,都可以与yet,still和nevertheless连用,但都不能和but连用。2.as引导让步状语从句时,要把表语、状语(副词)、动词放到句首;动词开头时,主语常与may,might,will,would连用(though也有此用法)。如果表语是可数名词,要去掉不定冠词。1）Childasheis,heknowsalot.2）Tryashemay,hefailedagain.3.由nomatterwhat/how或whatever/however等构成的让步状语从句。1）however/nomatterhow+形容词/副词+陈述语序”或“whatever/nomatterwhat+名词+陈述语序”However/Nomatterhowbusyheis,hewillfindtimetohelpus.2)nomatterwh-只引导_______从句，而wh-ever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。4.由whether...or...(不管…还是…)引导的状语从句。Whetherwegoorstay,theresultisthesame.四．原因状语从句1.引导原因状语从句的从属连词有:because,as,since,nowthat,consideringthat,when(既然),inthat,for。注意：1.for是一个并列连词，用于连接两个并列句，表示推理或解释，对前一个分句进行解释说明。Thedaymustbebreaking,forthebirdshavebegunsinging.2.because表示某件事情发生的直接原因或理由。它的语气很强，因而常用来回答why的提问。3.since常表示对方已经知道的既成事实。其语气比because要弱，一般译成“既然，由于”。五.地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的从属连词where,wherever六．目的状语从句1.sothat,inorderthat意为“以便…;为了…”。从句中用情态动词can/could,may/might,will/would。Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime.2.forfearthat,incase,lest引导的目的状语从句,意思是“以免……;以防……”。状语从句中谓语动词要用should+动词原形或动词的一般现在时/一般过去时。Putonmoreclotheslest/forfearthatyoushouldcatchcold.七结果状语从句及第中学高三英语语法专题复习编制：审核：时间：Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday今日事,今日毕3引导结果状语从句的从属连词有:sothat,so...that...,such...that...SoquicklydidherunthatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.八.方式状语从句1.as,like意义为“正如;按照”.Doyouhavetofeedplantsasyoufeedchickens?2.asif/though的意义为“似乎;好像”。asif/though引导的状语从句一般用虚拟语气,但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现,也可用陈述语气。Sheclosedhereyesasifsheweretired.九.比较状语从句比较状语从句常由下列词语引导:than(不同级比较)as…as(同级比较)十．状语从句的时态问题在条件，时间状语从句中，用____________表示一般将来时。在since引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用____________，而主句常用一般现在时或现在完成时.十二．状语从句省略问题状语从句中,如果_________和__________一致,从句中谓语又含有“be”时,省略从句主语及be。点击高考1.Themeaningofthewordnice'changedafewtimesitfinallycametoincludethesensepleasant.A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.while（2014安徽）2._______theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.（2014北京）A.AsB.WhenC.EventhoughD.Incase3.Children，whenbytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.（2014湖南）A.tobeaccompaniedB.toaccompanyC.accompanyingD.accompanied4.Youwillnevergainsuccessyouarefullydevotedtoyourwork.（2014湖南）A.whenB.becauseC.afterD.unless5.Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,_____historycannotbechanged.（2014江苏）A.thoughB.asC.sinceD.unless6.Itwasthemiddleofthenight__myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.A.thatB.asC.whichD.when（2014江西）7.Idon’treallyliketheauthor,_______Ihavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.（2014山东）A.althoughB.unlessC.untilD.once8.Theyoungcouple,whoreturnedmylostwallet,left_______Icouldaskfortheirnames.A.whileB.beforeC.afterD.since（2014陕西）9.I'llbeoutforsometime.______anythingimportanthappens,callmeupimmediately.（2014四川）A.IncaseB.AsifC.EventhoughD.Nowthat10._______youstarteatinginahealthierway,weightcontrolwillbecom