锅炉燃烧控制-毕业设计

山东科技大学学士学位论文摘要摘要锅炉的燃烧控制对于锅炉的安全、高效运行和节能降耗都具有重要意义，其控制和管理随之要求也越来越高。本设计主要针对锅炉燃烧控制系统的工作原理，根据控制要求，设计了一套基于PLC的锅炉燃烧控制系统。在控制算法上，综合运用了单回路控制、串级控制、比值控制、前馈控制等控制方式，实现了燃料量控制调节蒸汽压力、送风量控制调节烟气含氧量、引风量控制炉膛负压，并有效地克服了彼此的扰动，使整个系统稳定的运行。在可编程控制器的选择上，采用了AB公司Logix5000系列PLC，设计了控制系统的硬件配置图、I/O模块接线图，并用其编程软件编写了实现控制算法的梯形图。同时，采用RSView32设计监控界面，使得在上位机上能够实时监控系统的运行状况并可以设置系统的工作参数，使对系统的控制简单易行。关键词：锅炉燃烧控制系统，控制方式，PLC，监控山东科技大学学士学位论文ABSTRACTABSTRACTThecontroloftheboilercombustionwhichisforboilerssafe,efficientoperationandenergysavingareofgreatsignificance,anditssubsequentcontrolandmanagementisgettinghigherandhigherrequirements.Accordingtothecontrolrequirementsandtheworkingprinciple,wedesignasystemofaPLCbasedontheboilercombustioncontrolsystem.Inthecontrolalgorithm,weintegratedlyappliedthesingle-loopcontrol,cascadecontrol,ratiocontrol,feed-forwardcontrolandsoonwhichismodedthecontroltoachieveafuelvaporpressurecontrolregulator,air-conditioningoffluegasoxygencontentcontrol,citingthenegativeairvolumecontrolofthefurnacepressure.Italsoeffectivelyovercomethedisturbanceofeachother,sothattheoperationoftheentiresystemisstable.Choiceintheprogrammablelogiccontroller,wechooseAB,Logix5000seriesPLC,andappliedittothedesignofthecontrolsystemhardwareconfigurationdiagramandI/Omodulewiringdiagram.Thenweusethepreparationofitsprogrammingsoftwarecontrolalgorithmtoachievetheladder.Atthesametime,theuseofRSView32interfacetodesignmonitormakesPCcanrunreal-timemonitoringofsystemstatusandcansetthesystemparameters,sothatthesystemiseasytocontrol.Keywords:boilercombustioncontrolsystem,control,PLC,supervisorycontrol山东科技大学学士学位论文目录目录1绪论................................................................................................................11.1课题研究背景及意义............................................................................11.2锅炉燃烧控制系统概述.......................................................................21.3本设计的主要工作...............................................................................22控制方案的设计........................................................................................42.1系统总体控制方案设计........................................................................42.2燃料控制系统的设计............................................................................72.3送风控制系统的设计..........................................................................102.4引风控制系统设计..............................................................................123硬件选型....................................................................................................143.1主蒸汽压力变送器的选型..................................................................143.2炉膛负压变送器的选型......................................................................143.3氧化锆氧量变送器的选型..................................................................153.4调节阀的选型......................................................................................153.5变频器的选型......................................................................................183.6PLC工作原理和选型..........................................................................194硬件接线图................................................................................................234.1电气线路图设计..................................................................................234.2控制线路图设计..................................................................................244.3I/O模块分配与接线............................................................................255系统整定....................................................................................................275.1燃料控制系统的整定..........................................................................27山东科技大学学士学位论文目录5.2送风控制系统的整定..........................................................................325.3引风控制系统的整定..........................................................................386软件编程....................................................................................................427监控系统....................................................................................................467.1通信的建立..........................................................................................467.2监控界面的设计..................................................................................488总结语.........................................................................................................54参考文献.........................................................................................................55致谢...................................................................................................................56附录...................................................................................................................57附录A........................................................................................................57附录B........................................................................................................65山东科技大学学士学位论文绪论11绪论1.1课题研究背景及意义锅炉是工业生产中普遍使用的动力设备，是能源转换的重要设备。我国锅炉应用面宽，投运数量多，耗用一次能源大。锅炉运行的好坏，对于节约能源、保