hspice使用指南

IntroductionSPICEmeans...SimulationProgramwithIntegratedCircuitEmphasisSimulationGoalsWhysimulate?–Verifydesignobjectives–Quicklytestthecircuitundervariousoperationconditions–Worst-caseanalysis–Functionalityverificationforpost-layoutdesignsWhentosimulate?–Designphase–Post-layout(postparasitic-extraction)phaseFundamentals•FilesandSuffixes•NetlistStructure•NamingConventions•Components–Passive•Sources–Independent–DependentFilesandSuffixes•Star-HspiceInput–Inputnetlist.sp–Model/libraries.inc,.lib•Star-HspiceOutput–Runstatus.st0–Outputlisting.lis–Analysisdata,transient.tr#(e.g..tr0)–Analysisdata,dc.sw#(e.g..sw0)–Analysisdata,ac.ac#(e.g..ac0)–Measureoutput.m*#(e.g..mt0)#0-9a-zbydefault•AvanWavesInput–AllanalysisdatafilesNetlistStructure•Onemainprogramandoneormoreoptionalsubmodules(.alter)•High-levelcallstatementscanrestructurenetlistfilemodules–.INCLUDE–.LIB•Callstoexternaldatafiles–.DATA•Orderindependent–LastdefinitionisusedforparametersandoptionsNetlistStructure:Overview•TitleFirstlineisalwaysthetitle•Comments*-commentforaline$-commentafteracommand•Options.optionpostlistsnodesandconditionsforsimulation•Print/Plot/Analysis.printv(d)i(rl).plotv(g).tran.1n5n•InitialConditions.icv(b)=0$inputstate•SourcesVgg0pulse0100.150.150.42$exampleofavoltagesource•CircuitDescriptionMNdggndnnmosRLvddd1K•ModelLibraries.modelnnmoslevel=49+vto=1tox=7n$+continuationcharacter•END.end$terminatesthesimulationNetlistStructure:TopologyRules1.EverynodemusthaveaDCpathtoground.2.Nodanglingnodes.3.Novoltageloops.4.Noidealvoltagesourceinclosedinductorloop.5.Nostackedcurrentsources.6.Noidealcurrentsourceinclosedcapacitorloop.NodeNamingConventions•NodeandElementIdentification–Eithernamesornumbers(e.g.n1,33,in1,100)–Numbers:1to99999999(99million)–Nodeswithnumberfollowedbyletterareallthesame(e.g.1a=1b)–0isALWAYSground–Globalvslocal•GuidelinesforNodenaming–Don‘tbeginwitha?–Maycontain:+-*/:;$#.[]!_%(notrecommended)–MayNOTcontain:(),=?space–Groundmaybeeither0,GND,or!GND•Everynodemusthaveatleasttwoconnections(notTlineorMOSsubstrate)Components:PassiveDevices•R-Resistors–Rxxxn1n2mnamervaloptionsR110100RC112171KTC=0.001,0RE12324R=0.5*RREF•L-Inductors–Lxxxn1n21valoptionsLSHUNT235110ULLD110151.5UIC=5MA•C-Capacitors–Cxxxn1n2mnamecvaloptionsC112100pC1240047uTC=0.005,0.001Sources:IndependentVoltageandCurrent•DC•AC•Transient(timevarying)–Pulse–SIN–PWL•DataDriven(Importedastime/valuepairs)–AM(singlefrequencyAM)–SFFM(singlefrequencyFM)–EXP(exponentialfunction)•Mixed(composite)•DigitalinputelementSources:Independent:DC,AC•SyntaxVxxxn+n-DC=dcvaltranfunAC=acmag,acphaseorIyyyn+n-DC=dcvaltranfunAC=acmag,acphaseM=val•DCSourcesV110DC=5VV1105VI1105maI110DC=5ma–DCsweeprangeisspecifiedinthe.DCanalysisstatment•ACSourcesV110AC=10v,90VIN10AC10V90–ACfrequencysweeprangeisspecifiedinthe.ACanalysisstatementIndependentTransientSources:Pulse•TimeVarying(Transient)PULSEv1v2tdtrtfpwperorPU(v1v2options)–Examples•VIN30PULSE(-112ns2ns2ns50ns100ns)•V1990PU1vhivtdlaytristfalltpwtperPulsevalueparametersdefinedinthe.PARAMstatement.IndependentTransientSources:PWL•PiecewiseLinear(Vol.1,p.4-8)PWLt1v1t2v2t3v3...R=repeatTD=delayPWL(t1v1options)PWLt1I1t2I2...optionsTimevoltageortimecurrentpairsRepeatsfromrepeattolastpoint.Repeattimemustbeatimepointwiththefunction(default=0).ValueofsourceatintermediatevaluesisdeterminedbylinearinterpolationPL(ASPECstyle)reversesordertovoltage-timepairs.–ExamplesV110PWL60n0v,120n0v,+130n5v,170n5v,180n0v,RIndependentTransientSources:SIN,Mixed•SIN–SINvovafreqtddampingphasedelay–SIN(vovaoptions)–Examples:•VIN30SIN(01100MEG1ns1e10)Dampedsinusoidalsourceconnectedbetweennodes3and0.0voffset,peakof1v,freqof100MHz,timedelayof1ns.Dampingfactorof1e10.Phasedelay(defaultedto0)of0degrees.•Composite(Mixed)–Specifysourcevaluesformorethanonetypeofanalysis.–Examples•VH36DC=2AC=1,90•VCC100VCCPWL0010nVCC15nVCC20n0•VIN1320.001AC1SIN(011Meg)Sources:Dependent•DependentSources(ControlledElements)–Highlevelofabstraction•Usedforbehavioralmodelingandtosimplifycircuitdescriptions•Fasterexecutiontime–Basedonanarbitraryalgebraicequationasthetransferfunctionforavoltageorcurrentsource.–Commonmethodusedtocreatefunctionlibrariesofsubcircuitscontainingbehavioralelements.•Types–GVoltageand/orcurrentcontrolledcurrentsource–EVoltageand/orcurrentcontrolledvoltagesource–HCurrentcontrolledvoltagesource–FCurrentcontrolledcurrentsource•VoltageControlledResistorandCapacitorSources:Dependent•Whatyoucandowithdependentsources–AND,NAND,OR,NORgates–MOS,bipolartransistors–OPamps,summers,comparators–Switchedcapacitorcircuits,etc.–Switches(usingVCR)•Syntax–Linear•Exxxn+n-VCVSin+in-gainoptions•Egain30VpVn1E3–Polynomial•Exxxn+n-VCVSPOLY(NDIM)in1+in1-inndim+inndim-options•Esum170POLY(3)13015017001111IC=1.5,2.0,17.25ActiveDevicesandAnalysisTypes•Components–Active•AnalysisTypesComponents:ActiveDevices–D-Diodes–M-MOSTransistors–Q-BJTs–J-JFETsandMESFETs–SubcircuitsandMacros–Behavioral(E,G)–TransmissionLines(T,U,W)Components:Diodes•D-Diodes–Dxxxnpl