2018年人教版高中英语选修六：unit3-Language-points

Wordsandexpressions•It’sseemsamazingthatatmyageI•amstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometres•inanafternoon.[考点]此句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。[考例]Itfeltfunny__________(watch)myselfonTV.此句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的watchingmyselfonTV。watching2.dueto归因于,归功于e.g.Theaccidentisduetoyourcarelessdriving.那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。Herworldwidefameisduetohissupport.她名扬四海应归功于他的支持。表示因果关系的词和短语because从属连词,接从句,表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点;as\since从属连词,接从句,表示理由是已知的,而理由以外才是叙述的重点;for并列连词,不用于句首,至于第一分句之后,补充说明理由;第一分句表示推测时,用for说明推测的依据。becauseof介词,意思是“由于”,较口语化owingto介词,意思是“因为”,较正式thanksto介词,意思是“多亏了”asaresultof介词,意思是“因为”3.adolescent青少年e.g.adolescentsbetween13and18andtheproblemstheyface.13至18岁的青少年以及他们面临的问题。4.addictedadj.“对某某上瘾”,“沉湎于某某”e.g.Mychildrenhavebecomehopelesslyaddictedtotelevision.我的几个孩子都成了电视迷,简直不可救药了。构词法addictn.吸毒成瘾的人addictionn.沉湎、成瘾addictiveadj.使人上瘾的addict常用于下列结构:addictoneselftosth.beaddictedtosth.beaddictedtodoingsth.沉溺于某物专心做某事Theparentsfelthelplesswhentheyfoundtheirsonhad_______________(addict)lovestoriesforlong.beenaddictedto5.Thismeansthatafterawhileyourbodybecomesaccustomedtohavingnicotineinit.[翻译]这就是说，过了一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。[考点]becomeaccustomedto意为“习惯于……”，to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。常用句式1)accustom+名词/oneself+to+名e.g.Childrenarequicktoaccustomthemselvestonewsurroundings.孩子们很快就会适应新环境。2)beaccustomedto+名词e.g.Iamaccustomedtowalkinglongdistances.我习惯与长距离步行。3)get/becomeaccustomedto+名词e.g.Youwillsoongetaccustomedtothejob.你将会习惯于这个工作。注意:在英语中,to有时为动词不定式符号,后跟动词原形;有时用作介词,后跟名词、代词、或动名词。下面的这些短语中的to均为介词。stickto坚持leadto导致,通向payavisitto参观sentencesb.to宣判某人cometo谈到,涉及seeto处理，负责beupto总计devote…to致力于getdownto开始/着手Accustomedto_________(climb)thesteepmountain,hehadnodifficultyreachingthetop.climbing6.WhenIwastakenofftheschoolfootballteambecauseIwasunfit,Iknewitwastimetoquitsmoking.[考点]quit意为“停止（做某事）”，常用于quitdoingsth.结构。[考例]Doctorsaredoingresearchtofindoutwhathappensphysicallywhenpeoplequit________(smoke).smoking[点拨]根据句意“医生们正在研究以便发现当人们戒烟时，他们身体上将会发生什么情况。”选A。decline下降；depart起程；reserve预订。manageVt.&vi.1)control控制,经营1Hecouldn’tmanagethishorse,anditthrewhimtotheground.2Theboyissonaughtythathisparentscannotmanagehim.3Mr.Brownmanagesalargecompanyinthetown.2)succeed,beabletodosth.设法完成,应付1ThoughIhavealotofdifficulties,Icanmanagetogeteverythingready.2Ishan’tbeabletomanagewithouthelp.3IfIcan’tborrowthemoney,I’llhavetomanagewithout.manage和try的区别manage:dothensucceed设法做成了某事try表示尽量做,但不一定成功Hetriedtopasstheexam,buthefailed.Hemanagedtopasstheexam,andtheteacherpraisedhim.7.Ididn’tknow,forexample,thatitcoulddoterribledamagetoyourheartandlungsorthatitwasmoredifficultforsmokingcouplestobecomepregnant.[翻译]当初我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部，也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。[点拨]该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从复合句。主句为Ididn’tknow。两个宾语从句分别为itcoulddoterribledamagetoyourheartandlungs和itwasmoredifficultforsmokingcouplestobecomepregnant，or连接这两个宾语从句,意为“也不（知道）”。Idon’tknow...or...这个句型译为“我不知道……,也不知道……”。如：Idon’tknowwheretogoorwhattodo.我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。8.inspiteof尽管,无视后接名词e.g.Shecan’tseeverywellinspiteofherglasses.尽管戴着眼镜她还是不能看得很清楚。Theboywentoutinspiteofhisfather’sorders.那男孩无视父亲的命令,径直出去了。despite/inspiteofTheyhadawonderfulholiday,despite/inspiteofbadweather.尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。Despitethecoldweather,shestillwearsshortsleeves.Inspiteofthecoldweather,shestillwearsshortsleeves.9.Don’tchooseadaythatyouknowisgoingtobestressful,suchasthedayofanexam.[翻译]不要选择你明知有压力的日子，例如要考试的那一天。[点拨]该句是一个主从复合句。主句为Don’tchooseaday,后接一个由that引导的定语从句修饰aday,且这个定语从句包含一个插入语youknow。suchas起进一步补充说明的作用。PrepareoneselfPrepare(sb/sth)forsthtoprepareanetforfishing准备捕鱼的鱼网topreparethegroundfortheseeds.整理好土地准备播种Maryispreparingherselfforthetesttomorrow.Willyouhelpmepreparefortheget-togetheroftheoldclassmates?Everytimeyoufeellikesmokingacigarette,remindyourselfthatyouareanon-smoker.+时间状语从句everytimeeachtimethefirsttimeremindsbthat+宾语从句remindsbofsth10.feellike想要,只表示一次的想法,后接动词-ing形式e.g.It’ssohottoday.Ifeellikegoingswimming.今天好热啊,我想去游泳。“feellike”意为“感到想要”。具体用法如下：1.后面接名词、代词或动词－ing形式，表示“想要”某物或“想要做”某事。例如：Ifeellikeadrink.Idon'tfeellikeeating.2.“feellike”还有“感到像……，摸起来像……”的意思。例如：Theymademefeellikeoneofthefamily.他们使我感到我像是这个家庭中的一个成员。Thisfeelslikesilk.Ifyoustarttofeelnervousorstressed,donotreachforacigarette.v.•~for伸手拿东西•延伸；伸展•eg.Theladderwon'treachthewindow.3.到达TheyreachedLondon.n.伸手可及之距离eg.withinreachoftheshops买东西很方便的地方eg.Theballwasoutofreach.我够不着这个球。11.getinto陷于,染上什么习惯getintothehabitof养成什么习惯。相当于fallintothehabitof或者formthehabitofe.g.Thegirlhasgotintothehabitofplayingwithherhairwhilereading.那个女孩养成了阅读时玩弄头发的习惯。短语联想getintotrouble惹上麻烦getintodebt负债累累getintoatemper大发脾气getintodeepwater陷于困境getintoone’shead有某种看法getintothewayof习惯于、学会Nowdothequizandcheckyourself重点句型•IthinkmylongandactivelifemustbeduetothehealthylifeIlive.•Ibecameaddictedtocigarettes.•Thismeansthatafterawhileyourbecomesaccustomedtohaving•nicotineinit…•Iknewitwastimetoquitsmoking.•Inspiteofherwoundedleg,shemanagedtogetupthestairs.I.Completethesentenceswithwordsfromthetext.1.RiceproductionhasincreasedgreatlyinChinaoverthelastfewyears,largely_____superhybridrice.2.HavinglivedinHawaiiallhislife,hewasnot__________tothecoldofNorthernEurope.duetoaccustomed3.Hewas_______ofhisbodysohedecidedt