unit-seven

UnitSeven1PartTwo:listeningText1Voiceover:WelcometoChangingLifestyles.Todaywe’lltakealookatthechangingroleoffathers.Inthe1950sandthe1960s,mostfatherswenttoworkeverydayandmostmothersstayedathometotakecareofthechildren.However,sincethelate60sandtheearly70s,familylifehasbeenchangingdramatically.Insteadofacceptingtherigidrolesimposedbysociety,manycoupleshavebeendecidingtochangetheirwork-lifebalance.Moremothershavebeenpursuingcareers,whileatthesametimefathershavebeendevotingmoretimetocaringforchildrenanddoinghouseholdchores.ThisisDavidNoll.Davidis33yearsold,husbandandfatheroftwogirls.Davidisamodernfather.Heandhiswifebothpursuecareersandshareinraisingthechildrenanddoinghousework.DianeOK,wellthenareyougoingtogototheplayground?Children1Right.Right,Mama.DianeRight.Iloveyou.Children2Bububa.DianeBye-bye.Children1Bye.DianeBye-bye.Voiceover:David’sfatherBobNollwasalsoalovingfather,butDavid’sroleasafatherwasdifferent.Duringtheearlypartofhiscareer,BobwenttoworkeverydaywhilehiswifeShirleystayedhome.Bobworkedfor38yearsatWestinghouseasanelectricalengineer.Bobworkedonsomeofthefirstcomputerseverproduced.Bobhadalwaysbeenaninvolvedfather.Butin1970Shirleydecidedtogobacktowork.ThatwaswhenBob’sroleasafatherchanged.Bob:WhenShirleywentbacktowork,Ihadtochangemy,uh,roleandstarttodomorecooking,um,drivingthechildrenhereandthere.WhenourchildrenweregrowingupItookalotofinterestinthem,whattheyweredoing.David:IthinkinmanywaysI,IwasprobablybetterpreparedforthechangingrolesthatI’vehadtotakeonby,bymyfather.Bob:WedidmanythingstogetherandItriedtogettheminvolvedinotherareasthattheyseemedtoshowinterestin,suchastheatreandmagic.David:HedidagreatdealmorethanIthinkmanyfathers,ImeanI,Icanthinkofchildhoodfriendswhosefathers,youknow,wererunningbusinesseswho,whoparticipatedalmostat,not,notatallintheir,intheir,intheirdevelopment.Um,andIthinkIhad,IthinkIhadarolemodel.Bob:IrememberDavidwasinterestedin,hegotveryinterestedinmagicand,andjuggling,andhewasanavidreader.Voiceover:Asayoungman,Davidlovedmagic.Buthepursuedacareerasabiochemist.Beforehavingchildren,Davidspent40hoursperweekstudyingcellularDNAinaresearchlab.AndhiswifeDianespent40hoursaweekworkingasalawyerinWashingtonDC.Afterthegirlswereborn,DavidandDianebothcutbackontheirhoursinordertotakecareoftheirdaughters.AsaUnitSeven2researchscientist,David’sschedulewasmoreflexible.Sohetookonmoreresponsibilityforthechildren’sday-to-daycare.David:Well,Ihavebeenable,uh,toadjustmyschedulesothatIcanbehomeat5o’clock,um,forthekidsandifthechildrenaresick,beingabletocomehome,um,takethemtothedoctors.Wegoforawalk,wetakethedogsupthestreet,gotothepark,hangoutatthepark.Andthenweheadback,uh,tothehouseand,andbeginpreparingdinner.Voiceover:SinceBobretiredtenyearsago,hehasbeenenjoyinghisroleasagrandfather.He’sbeentravellingwithhiswife,Shirley,andhe’sbeenplayingtennis.Meanwhile,Davidisjustbeginninghisjourneyasafatherinanewera.David:Itcanbedifficult,especiallywhen,youknow,you’re,you’retakingonnewrolesforthefirsttime.Anditcanbe,itcanbedisconcertinganditcanbemorecomfortabletotakeonthosetraditionalroles.Um,Ihave,IthinkIhavemanymoreresponsibilitiesthan,thanevenmostfathersdotoday,um,andcertainlymore,I,Ithinkthanwhenmyfatherwas,wasraisinghischildren.Um,butthe,thedifferenceisnotthesortofclassicrolereversal.I’m,I’mnotastay-at-homeDad.Wehaveanexcellentbabysitterwho,that,whohasallowedus,um,allowedbothmywifeandItheopportunitiestocontinuepursuingourcareer.Voiceover:WhiletherearemanydifferencesinhowDavidandBobhaveraisedtheirchildren,therearemanyimportantsimilarities.Text2Soforanyofusinthisroomtoday,let’sstartoutbyadmittingwe’relucky.Wedon’tliveintheworldourmotherslivedin,ourgrandmotherslivedin,wherecareerchoicesforwomenweresolimited.Andifyou’reinthisroomtoday,mostofusgrewupinaworldwherewehadbasiccivilrights,andamazingly,westillliveinaworldwheresomewomendon’thavethem.Butallthataside,westillhaveaproblem,andit’sarealproblem.Andtheproblemisthis:Womenarenotmakingittothetopofanyprofessionanywhereintheworld.Thenumberstellthestoryquiteclearly.190headsofstate--ninearewomen.Ofallthepeopleinparliamentintheworld,13percentarewomen.Inthecorporatesector,womenatthetop,C-leveljobs,boardseats--topsoutat15,16percent.Thenumbershavenotmovedsince2002andaregoinginthewrongdirection.Andeveninthenon-profitworld,aworldwesometimesthinkofasbeingledbymorewomen,womenatthetop:20percent.Wealsohaveanotherproblem,whichisthatwomenfaceharderchoicesbetweenprofessionalsuccessandpersonalfulfillment.ArecentstudyintheU.S.showedthat,ofmarriedseniormanagers,two-thirdsofthemarriedmenhadchildrenandonlyone-thirdofthemarriedwomenhadchildren.Acoupleofyearsago,IwasinNewYork,andIwaspitchingadeal,andIwasinoneofthosefancyNewYorkprivateequityofficesyoucanpicture.AndI’minthemeeting--it’saboutathree-hourmeeting--andtwohoursin,therekindofneedstobethatbiobreak,andeveryonestandsup,andthepartnerrunningthemeetingstartslookingreallyembarrassed.AndIrealizedhedoesn’tknowwherethewomen’sroomisinhisoffice.SoIstartlookingUnitSeven3aroundformovingboxes,figuringtheyjustmovedin,butIdon’tseeany.AndsoIsaid,“Didyoujustmove