人教版八年级下册第七单元知识点

SectionB1.Theelephantweightsmanytimesmorethanthispanda.这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。【解析1】weighv.称……的重量→weightn.重量【记】Sheweighsherselfeverydayandwantstoloseweight.【解析2】time①“是……的几倍”。主语+数词+times+as+形容词+as+被比较的对象Ournewschoolisfourtimesasbigastheoldone.②“次数”一次once两次twice三次及三次以上：基数词+timesthreetimes三次threeorfourtimes三到四次【短语】manytimes很多倍lasttime(在)上次……时everytime每次/每回……eachtime每当……时thefirsttime第一次……时nexttime(当)下次……时【句型】It’stimeforsth.或It’stime(forsb.)todosth.该是……的时候了It’stimefordinner.该是吃晚餐的时候了。It’stimeforchildrentogotobed.是小孩睡觉的时候了。【2012浙江杭州2】Wehavetwoearsandonemouthsothatwecanlisten_____wespeak.A.astwicemuchasB.twiceasmuchasC.asmuchastwiceD.asmuchtwiceas2.Atbirth,ababypandaisabout0.1to0.2kilos.刚出生的小熊猫幼崽约0.1到0.2公斤。【解析】atbirth出生时（用作时间状语）Atbirth,ababypandaisabout20cmlong.刚生下来的大熊猫大约20厘米长。【拓展】givebirth(tosb./sth.)生孩子；产仔Shegavebirthtoafinehealthybaby.她生了一个健康可爱的婴儿。3.Apandacanliveupto20to30years.一只熊猫活20年到30年。【解析】upto+数量词，达到（某数量、程度等）；至多Icantakeuptofourpeopleinmycar.我的车里可以载四个人。【拓展】1)upto直到（现在）Uptonow,Tonyhasbeenveryquiet.直到现在，托尼一句话都没说。2)beuptosb.由某人决定—Shallwegooutorstayin?我们是出去还是呆在家？—It’suptoyou.由你决定。4.LinWeiandtheotherpandakeepersarepreparingthemilkforthebabypandas’breakfast.林微和其他熊猫饲养员们正在给熊猫幼崽准备牛奶作为早餐。【解析1】theother其他的，指两个事物或两个人中的“另一个”；后接名词时，表示“其他的人或物”；1)One...theother...（两者中）一个……，另一个……2)theothers=theother+复数名词其他人或物theother的复数形式是theothers，特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）”。Twoboyswillgotothezoo,andtheotherswillstayathome.两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。【2013孝感3】22.Myfamilyhastwodogs.Oneiswhite,________isblack.A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others【解析2】prepare…for…为……准备……1)preparesth.表示“准备……”，后接名词或代词作宾语。OurEnglishteacherwaspreparingthelessonswhenIcameintotheoffice.我进办公室时，我们的英语老师在备课。2)preparetodosth.表示“准备做……”。Theywerepreparingtocrosstheriverwhenitbegantorain.他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。3)prepareforsth.表示“为……做准备”。Thestudentsarebusypreparingforthefinalexam.学生们正在准备期末考试。5.At9:00a.m,theyfindthatmostofthebabiesarealreadyawakeandhungry.上午9:00的时候，他们发现大部分熊猫幼崽已经醒来并且饿了。【解析】awakeadj.醒来（反义词）asleep睡着的Shewasawakeallnight.她一晚上都没睡。v.唤醒；使醒来=wakeupThenoiseawakesme.=Thenoisewakesmeup.噪音把我吵醒了。()Hefell____earlylastnight,andhewas___earlythismorning.A.sleep;wakeB.asleep;wakeC.asleep;awakeD.sleep;awake6.Whenthebabiesseethekeepers,theyrunoverwithexcitementandsomeofthemevenwalkintotheirfriendsandfalldown!当熊猫幼崽们看到饲养员时便激动地跑了过来，有些甚至撞倒它们的伙伴，绊倒在地！【解析1】runover撞倒run→ran→run→running→runner赛跑的人【短语】runafter追逐，追求runawayfrom从……跑掉；逃避runout(某物)被用完runoutof用完(某物)runinto无意间碰到，和……相撞【解析2】excitement激动；兴奋toone’sexcitement使某人兴奋的是1)exciting“令人兴奋的；使人激动的”，指人或事物让人感到兴奋、激动。Hetoldusanexcitingstoryyesterday.2)excited“兴奋的，激动的”，人感到兴奋、激动。beexcitedabout对……感到激动AreyouexcitedaboutgoingtoBeijing?【2013遂宁2】Everyonewas_______whentheyheardthe______news.A.exciting，excitingB.excited,excitingC.exciting,excited【解析3】falldown跌倒1)fall“落下，跌落，降落”，指在重力的作用下落下，或失去平衡而跌落。Theleavesfallintheautumn.2)falldown强调的是“滑倒、倒下”，后接宾语时应加上介词from.Thebookfelldownfromthetabletothefloor.【短语】falldown倒下falloff下降,跌落fallover向前摔倒【2013四川凉山】—WhathappenedtoMare?—Hefell____thebike___asnowymorning.A.off;inB.down;atC.off;on7.Thebabyoftendiefromillnessanddonotliveverylong.熊猫幼崽常死于疾病，并且活不久。【解析1】】diev.死→deathn.死，死亡→deadadj.死的→dyingadj.将死的①Lucy’sdog’s__________(die)yesterday.Its_______madehersad.②Hisgrandpa____________(die)forfiveyears.()③He_____fortwoyears.Wearestillsadabouthis_____.A.died;deadB.died;deathC.hasbeendead;deadD.hasbeendead;death()④Thedoctor____a___boyyesterday.A.saved;dyingB.saved;deadC.hassaved;dead【拓展】1)diefrom+外因，死于……，主要指事故等方面的外部原因。Theoldmandiedfromacaraccidentlastyear.这个老人去年死于一场车祸。2)dieof+内因，主要指疾病、衰老、情感等自身原因。dieofhunger/anillness饿/病死Hisgrandfatherdiedoflivercancerin1992.他的爷爷于1992年死于癌症。3)dieout（家族、物种等）灭绝；绝迹Dinosaursdiedout65millionyearsago.恐龙在六千五百万年前灭绝了()Hedied___thetrafficaccidentlastweek.A.ofB.fromC.withD.for【2013湖北荆州】—DoyouknowthatMr.Zhangpassed____lastweek—Yes.Hedied____illness.A.away;ofB.on;fromC.by;withD.off;as【解析2】illness疾病；病ill/sick共同点：生病的；有病的不同点：illadj.生病的；有病的作表语，不能作定语。Sheisill/sickinbed.她卧病在床。Sheislookingafterhersickfather.她在照顾她生病的父亲。【拓展】sick恶心的；厌倦的Thesmellmakesmesick.这气味使我感到恶心。【2013甘肃白银】25.Hecan’tevenmovebecauseofhis(ill).8.Adultpandasspendmorethan12hoursadayeatingabout10kilosofbamboo.成年熊猫每天花12个小时来吃掉大约10公斤的竹子。【拓展】spend/pay/cost/take花费1)spend→spent→spentv花费，主语是人。◆sb.+spend+时间/钱+onsth◆sb.+spend+时间/钱+（in）doingsth◆spendon=payfor支付Hespendstoomuchtimeonthecomputergames.2)pay→paid→paidv支付，主语是人。◆sb.+pay+钱+forsthIpay10yuanforthebook.3)cost→cost→costv花费，主语是某物或某事。◆sthcostsb.+钱某物花费某人多少钱Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.4)take→took→takenv花费◆Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.【2013鞍山】Itonly_______him20minutes__________tohisofficeeveryday.A.takes,todriveB.took,driveC.takes,driveD.took,todrive【2013四川雅安】4.Ispent$5thisbook.A.inB.tobuyC.buyingD.buy【2013山东济宁】22.—Doyouknowthepriceoftheticket?—Yes.Each______¥180.A.paysB.costsC.takesD.spends【2013山东青岛】9.—HowmuchisthetickettoCentralPark?—Aone-wayticket____$40,andyoucan_____another$20foraround-trip.A.costs,payB.cost,spendC.pay,spendD.spends,pay9.Butthenhumansstartedtocutdowntheforests,andtherewaslessbambooforthe