前臂解剖图谱幻灯

GROSSANATOMYOFTHEFOREARMChenyonghuaMainMenuBonesoftheforearm.Superficialmusclesoftheanteriorcompartment.Deepmusclesoftheanteriorcompartment.Arteriesandnervesoftheanteriorcompartment.Superficialmusclesoftheposteriorcompartment.Deepmusclesoftheposteriorcompartment.Arteriesandnervesoftheposteriorcompartment.AcknowledgementsBonesoftheforearmTheradiusproximallyarticulateswiththehumerusattheelbowjoint.Distallyitarticulateswiththescaphoidandlunatebonesofthecarpus,andwiththeulnaatthedistalradioulnarjoint.Theulnaisthemoremedialofthetwobones.Itsproximalendarticulateswiththehumerusattheelbowjoint.Distallyitarticulateswiththeradius.Itisexcludedfromthewristjointbythearticulardisc.Theinterosseousmembranebindtheradiusandtheulnatogether.HeadInterosseousmembraneRadiusHumerusTuberosityofradiusUlnaHeadFig1.Anteriorviewofbonesoftheforearm.总体记忆•前臂共有18块肌肉•分为屈肌与伸肌二部分•屈肌8块•分为浅层与深层•浅层有5块•深层有3块•伸肌10块•浅深各5块前臂屈肌屈肌8块伸肌10块浅5深3浅5深5前臂8块屈肌浅层5块旋前圆肌桡侧屈腕肌掌长肌指浅屈肌尺侧屈腕肌Superficialmusclesoftheanteriorcompartment.Titlepage.1234Thesuperficialmusclesoftheanteriorcompartmentincludepronatorteres,flexorcarpiradialis,palmarislongus,andflexorcarpiulnaris.Alsoincludedinthisgroupisflexordigitorumsuperficialis.Thesuperficialgroupofmusclesallhavethesameorigin,whichisattachedtothemedialepicondyleofthehumerus.FORFURTHERDETAILSCLICKONEACHINDIVIDUALMUSCLEBELOW.1.Pronatorteres2.Flexorcarpiradialis3.Flexorcarpiulnaris4.FlexordigitorumsuperficialisPalmarislongus(notincludedinthediagram).Fig2.Showingsuperficialmusclesoftheposteriorcompartment.Brachio-radialisReturntomainmenuPronatorTeresThepronatortereshastwoheads,thehumeralheadandtheulnarhead.Themediannerveenterstheforearmbetweenthetwoheads.Origin:-Humeralhead-Medialepicondyleofthehumerus.Ulnarhead-Medialborderofthecoronoidprocessoftheulna.Insertion:-Lateralaspectoftheshaftoftheradius.Nervesupply:-Mediannerve,C6andC7.Action:-Pronationoftheforearm.Flexionoftheforearm.PronatorteresRadiusFig3.Pronatorteres.ReturntotitlepageFlexorcarpiradialis,palmarislongus,andflexorcarpiulnarisFlexorcarpiradialisOrigin:-Medialepicondyleofthehumerus.Insertion:-Baseofthesecondandthirdmetacarpalbones.Nervesupply:-Mediannerve,C6andC7.Action:-Flexesthehandatthewristjoint.Abductsthehandatthewristjoint.PalmarislongusOrigin:-Medialepicondyleofthehumerus.Insertion:-Flexorretinaculumandpalmaraponeurosis.Nervesupply:-Mediannerve,C7andC8Action:-Flexesthehandatwristjoint.Flexorcarpiulnaris.Origin:-Humeralhead-Medialepicondyleofthehumerus.Ulnarhead-Medialaspectoftheolecranonprocessoftheulnaandtheposteriorborderoftheulna.Insertion:-Pisiformbone,hookofthehamate,andbaseofthefifthmetacarpalbone.Nervesupply:-Theulnarnerve,C7,C8,andT1.Action:-Flexesthehandatwristjoint.AdductsthehandatwristjointPronatorteresFlexorcarpiradialisPalmarislongusFlexorcarpiulnarisFig4.FlexorcarpiradialisandulnarisandpalmarislongusReturntotitlepageFlexordigitorumsuperficialis.Origin:-Humeroulnarhead:Medialepicondyleofthehumerusandthemedialmarginofthecoronoidprocessoftheulna.Radialhead:Risingfromtheobliquelineontheanteriorsurfaceoftheshaftoftheradius.Insertion:-Themusclebellygivesrisetofourtendonsdistally.Eachofthetendonattachestothesidesofthemiddlephalanxofthefourmedialfinger.Nervesupply:-Mediannerve,C8andT1.Action:-Flexesthemiddlephalanxoffingers.Flexestheproximalphalanxoffingers(weak).Flexesthewrist.Flexordigitorumsuperficialis.Fig5.Flexordigitorumsuperficialis.Returntotitlepage前臂8块屈肌深层3块指深屈肌挴长屈肌旋前方肌DeepMusclesoftheanteriorcompartment.TitlepageThedeepmusclesoftheforearmcompriseoftheflexorpollicislongus,flexordigitorumprofundusandpronatorquadratus.Forfurtherdetailsclickoneachoftheindividualmuscles.1.Flexordigitorumprofundus.2.Flexorpollicislongus.Pronatorquadratusnotshown.112Brachio-radialis(cut)Tendonofcarpiflexorradialis(cut)Fig6.Deepmusclesoftheanteriorcompartment.ReturntomainmenuFlexordigitorumprofundusandflexorpollicislongusFlexorpollicislongusOrigin:-Middleoftheanteriorsurfaceoftheshaftoftheradiusandfromtheadjoiningpartoftheinterosseousmembrane.Insertion:-Thetendonpassesdistallythroughthecarpaltunnelandattachestothedistalphalanxofthethumb.Nervesupply:-Theanteriorinterosseousbranchofthemediannerve.Action:-Flexesthephalangesofthethumb.FlexordigitorumprofundusOrigin:-Upperthree-quartersoftheanteriomedialshaftoftheulna.Insertion:-Themuscledividesintofourtendonsjustpriortotraversingthecarpaltunnel.Theyattachtothedistalphalanxofthefourfingers.Nervesupply:-Themedialpartissuppliedbytheulnarnerve,thelateralportionissuppliedbytheanteriorinterosseousbranchofthemediannerve,C8andT1.Action:-Flexesthefinger.Exclusiveflexorofthedistalphalanx.Weakflexorofthewrist.FlexorpollicislongusPronatorquadratusFlexordigitorumprofundusFig7.Flexordigitorumprofundusandflexorpollicislongus.ReturntotitlepagePronatorQuadratusOrigin:-Lowerquarteroftheanteriorsurfaceoftheshaftoftheulna.Insertion:-Lowerquarteroftheanteriorsurfaceoftheshaftoftheradius.Nervesupply:-Theanteriorinterosseousbranchofthemediannerve.Action:-Pronatestheforearm.PronatorquadratusFlexorcarpiradialis(cut)FlexorpollicislongusFlex