专升本强调句

强调结构定义在句子当中，有时为了突出句子的某些成分以加强语气，增强感情色彩或者加强对比，需要改变句子结构，这种结构叫强调结构(EmphaticStructure)。—Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?—thechildren.A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare(回答为强调句型在具体语境中的省略,其完整形式应是：Itisthechildrenwho/thataremakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden.不能用Theyare.)WarmingUp1.Do(does/did)+动词原形这种结构用来强调谓语动词。往往只用于“一般现在时和过去时”的肯定陈述句或者肯定结构的祈使句。1)Hedoesknowtheplacewell.他的确很熟悉这个地方。2)Theydohopetogotocollege.他们真的很想上大学。3)Shedidcomeyesterday.昨天她确实来过。1.Do(does/did)+动词原形用于肯定结构的祈使句4)Docomeandvisitus.你一定来看我们。5)Doshutup﹗你闭嘴﹗6)Dobecareful.务必小心。注意1)陈述句中用do(does/did),只强调行为动词,不适用于“be”,如:Heissilly.Hedoesbesilly.Heissillyindeed.2)祈使句中强调动词(包括“be动词”和“行为动词”)Do,不用Does/Did.Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistake.√×2.用形容词very,only,single,such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：1)That’stheverytextbookweusedlastterm这正是我们上学期用过的教材。2)YouaretheonlypersonherewhocanspeakChinese．你是这里仅有说汉语的人。3)Notasinglepersonhasbeenintheshopthismorning．今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。3.用ever,never,very,just等副词和badly,highly,really等带有－ly的副词来进行强调：1)Whyeverdidyoudoso？你究竟为什么要这么做？2)Heneversaidawordthewholeday．一整天,他一句话也没说。3)ThisisjustwhatIwanted．这正是我所要的。4)Ireallydon’tknowwhattodonext．我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。4.用intheworld,onearth,atall等介词短语可以表达更强的语气(常用于疑问句)：1)Whereintheworldcouldhebe？他到底会在哪儿？2)Whatonearthisit？它究竟是什么？3)Doyouknowatall？你到底知不知道？二.“Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)….”的强调结构当我们要强调句子的某一部分(一般是主语,宾语,状语)时,常用“Itis(was)+that(who)+句子的其余部分”这种结构。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语,但不能是谓语强调部分是人时,用who或that;强调部分是其他成分时,用that“Itis(was)++被强调部分+that(who)….”的强调结构以Hemetanoldfriendintheparkyesterday.为例:1)Itwashewho/thatmetanoldfriendintheparkyesterday.2)Itwasanoldfriendthat/whohemetintheparkyesterday.强调主语强调宾语“Itis(was)+that(who)….”强调结构3)Itwasintheparkthathemetanoldfriendyesterday.4)Itwasyesterdaythathemetanoldfriendinhepark.强调地点状语强调时间状语PracticeTomboughtawalkmanfromastoreyesterday.①强调主语Tom:ItwasTomwho/thatboughtawalkmanfromastoreyesterday.②强调宾语walkman:ItwasawalkmanthatTomboughtfromastoreyesterday.PracticeTomboughtawalkmanfromastoreyesterday.③强调地点状语fromastore:ItwasfromastorethatTomboughtawalkmanyesterday.④强调时间状语yesterday:ItwasyesterdaythatTomboughtawalkmanfromastore.1.当被强调部分指人时,用that/who(做宾语时可用whom)；指物或既有人又有物时只用that;ItwasTomImetlastweek.Itisanewbookhisbrotherwantstobuy.who/that/whomthat温馨提示2.强调状语,用that,不用when/where/whyItisat5o'clockthetrainwillarrive.ItwasintheparkIsawKatelastweek.that(不用where)温馨提示that(不用when)温馨提示被强调部分如果是原因状语从句,只能由because引导,不能由since/as/why引导:Hedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday,becausehewasill.Itwassincethathedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.×√3.强调句在强调主语时,that/who后的动词应和主语在人称和数上保持一致.①Itishewho__late.A.amB.isC.areD.be②Itistheythat__late.A.amB.isC.areD.beBC温馨提示4.强调主语用人称代词主格;强调宾语用宾格.①.Itis__whoareyourbestfriends.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours②.Itwas__thattheyvisited.A.weB.usC.ourD.oursAB温馨提示③Isit__whowantstoseeyou?A.himB.heC.hisD.himself④Itwas___whorespectedalltheirteachers.A.themB.theirC.theyD.themselvesCBWarmingUpItwas3o’clock____wereachedthevillage.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.while我们到达那个山村,时间是三点。Itwasat3o’clockthatwereachedthevillage.C.WarmingUp①Itwasatthetheatre___Lincolnwasmurdered.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.theone②Itwasthetheatre___Lincolnwasmurdered.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.theoneCB强调句的判断去掉强调结构Itis(was)…that(who)…后,剩下的词仍能组成一个完整的句子。这是判断是不是强调句型的关键1.Itisstrangethathedidn’tcomeyesterday.2.ItisyouandTomthatdidn’tcomeyesterday.试判断①Itishewho/thatoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.②Itisonthehillsidethatweplanttreeseveryyear.③Itwasbecauseofbadweatherthatthefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.试判断④Itwas2o’clockwhenwecameback．我们回来时是九点钟。⑤Itwas3hourssincewehadcomeback．我们回来已三个小时了.两种句式变化1.一般疑问形式:Is(was)it+强调部分+that…?HewillleaveforXi’anat7:00.Itisat7:00thathewillleaveforXi’an.Isitat7:00thathewillleaveforXi’an?两种句式变化2.特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/wasitthat…？(who/whom/when/where)ItisdeterminationthathasmadePetersuccess.WhatisitthathasmadePetersuccess?对not…until句型的强调句Itis/wasuntil+被强调部分+that+延续动词Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+短暂动词Hedidn’tgotobeduntilteno’clock.Itwasnotuntilteno’clockthathewenttobed.对not…until句型的强调句用强调句型对Ididn’tknewtheresultuntilhecameback.中的划线部分进行强调,则变成：ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIknewtheresult.注意:此种情况下否定词not要从原题的主句上转移到被强调的从句上,这也是否定转移的一种形式。•Itwasuntillastyearthathe___.A.leftschoolforanewstartB.cametorealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglishC.workedasanEnglishteacheratamiddleschoolD.setouttobuildanewhouseofhisown•本题不含否定词not,四个选项中只有C项中的动词work为延续性动词,答案C。It__wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks__Ifoundwehadalotincommon.A.wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasnotuntil;whenD.wasnotuntil;thatnot…until句型D四类复杂化结构1.与宾语从句结合Davidsaidthatitwasbecauseofhisstronginterestinliterature__hechosethecourse.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how(A.强调句型,Itis...that...作said的宾语从句,其中强调成分为原因状语)四类复杂化结构2.与主语从句结合•Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay___matters.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.this解析：A.重要的是你所做的,而不是你所说的。（主语从句为所强调的成分）.四类复杂化结构3.与同位语语从句结合Itwasattheverybeginning__Mr.Foxmadeadecision___weshouldsendforadoctor.Awhat,thatBthat,whichCwhich,thatDthat,thatD.强调句式中连接词that后有一个同位语从句,它对decision作解释说明。连结词在同位语从句中不做成分只起连接作用,故应为that.四类复杂化结构4.与定语从句结合Wasitinthevillage___weusedtolivein___theaccidenthappened?A.where,thatB.which;thatC.that;whereD