基于单片机的智能声光控开关毕业设计

学院本科毕业论文（设计）基于单片机的智能声光控开关李波XXXXX专业名称电气工程及其自动化申请学士学位所属学科工科指导教师姓名、职称XXXXXXXX2011年6月8日摘要I摘要声光控开关的原理是只有在天黑以后，当有人走过楼梯通道，发出脚步声或其它声音时，楼道灯会自动点亮，提供照明，当人们进入家门或走出公寓，楼道灯延时几分钟后会自动熄灭。在白天，即使有声音，楼道灯也不会亮，可以达到节能的目的。本文以LGS公司生产的GMS97C2051单片机为核心，研究声光控开关的设计，采用串行A/D对声音信号的采集，可以通过软件来调节对声音的灵敏度。单片机软件实施对光度的判断，使开关在白天时即使有声音也不工作。文章应用了过零启动技术，开关工作在频繁的开关状态时不易损坏可控硅，延长了声控开关的使用寿命。文章中还加入了看门狗电路，在工作中可以起到抗干扰的作用，大大加强了开关的可靠性。关键词：声光控，智能，节能，可靠性。AbstractIIABSTRACTTheprincipleofacousticopticalswitchisonlyafterdark,whensomeonepassstairchannel,issued,orothersoundsoffootstepswillprovideautomaticlitcorridor,lighting,whenpeopleenterthehouseorapartmentcorridorlightsoutseveralminutesautomaticallydelayextinguished.Duringtheday,evenavoice,corridorlightsalsowillnotlight,canachievethepurposeofsavingenergy.InthispaperGMS97C2051LGScompanyproduction,thesingle-chipmicrocomputeristhedesignofacousticlight-activatedswitch,theserialA/Dforsoundsignalcollection,bysoftwaretoadjustthesensitivitytosound.Single-chipmicrocomputersoftwareimplementationonphotometricjudgmenttomaketheswitchinthedaytime,eventhoughthereisvoicedoesn'twork.Articleappliedzerostartuptechnology,switchworkinfrequentswitchtothyyistoyandextendedofsound-controlled.Articlealsojoinedwatch-dogcircuit,intheworkplaysaroleofanti-interference,thereliabilityofswitchesisgreatlyenhanced.Keywords:sound,theintelligentcontroller,energy-saving,reliability.目录III目录1.绪论................................................................................................................................................11.1课题背景............................................................................................................................11.2课题现状............................................................................................................................11.3课题意义............................................................................................................................12.系统设计方案..................................................................................................................................22.1课题的研究内容.................................................................................................................22.2技术方案的选择...............................................................................................................23.系统结构与工作原理.......................................................................................................................33.1系统结构............................................................................................................................33.2系统的工作原理.................................................................................................................54.硬件系统的设计..............................................................................................................................54.1声音信号采集电路的设计...............................................................................................54.2光信号判断电路的设计.....................................................................................................74.3过零启动保护电路的设计.................................................................................................84.4定时电路的设计...............................................................................................................94.5驱动输出电路的设计.....................................................................................................104.6电源设计........................................................................................................................114.7看门狗电路的设计.........................................................................................................114.7.1简介看门狗电路及其作用.................................................................................114.7.2X5045特性介绍....................................................................................................134.8.PCB板的制作的设计......................................................................................................144.8.1PROTELDXP2004的概述..................................................................................144.8.2Protel原理图界面............................................................................................154.8.3电路原理图的设计流程.......................................................................................154.8.4PCB板的绘制原则..............................................................................................164.8.5ProtelPCB设计流程..........................................................................................174.8.6印制电路板（PCB）的绘制过程如下所示：.....................................................184.8.7焊制电路板如下所示...........................................................................................195.软件设计..................................................................................................................................205.1软件设计语言的选择.......................................................................................................205.2程序流程图....................................