2012高考北京卷英语阅读翻译

2012高考北京卷英语阅读解析DWilderness“Inwilderness(荒野)isthepreservationoftheworld.”Thisisafamoussayingfromawriterregardedasoneofthefathersofenvironmentalism.Thefrequencywithwhichitisborrowedmirrorsaheateddebateonenvironmentalprotection:whethertoplacewildernessattheheartofwhatistobepreserved.“荒野贮藏着一个世界。”这句名言出自一名誉着环境保护主义之父之一美称的作家之口。这句话的频繁引用反应了关于环境保护的热烈争论:是否把荒野作为环境保护对象的核心。AsJohnSauvenofGreenpeaceUKpointsout,thereisastrongappealinimagesofthewild,theuntouched;morethananythingelse,theyspeakofthenaturethatmanypeoplevaluemostdearly.Theurgetoleavethesubjectofsuchimagesuntouchedisstrong,andthedangerexploitation(开发)bringstosuchlandscapes(景观)isreal.Someofthesewildernessesalsoperformfunctionsthathumansneed—therainforests,forexample,storecarboninvastquantities.ToMr.Sauven,these”ecosystemservices”faroutweighthegainsfromexploitation.正如JohnSauvenofGreenpeace指出的一样，荒野没有开发过，由着巨大的吸引力；有所不同的是他们谈到自然时，荒野受到人们极大地重视。搁置这种资源这种打算不合理，开发景观才是需要做的。有些荒野也发挥了人类需要的作用——比如说雨林储藏了大量的炭。对于Sauven而言这些，这些“生态杠杆”发挥的作用远超过开发所获得好处。LeeLane,avisitingfellowattheHudsonInstitute,takestheopposingview.Heacknowledgesthatwildernessesdoprovideusefulservices,suchaswaterconservation.Butthatisnot,heargues,areasontoavoidallhumanpresence,orindeedcommercialandindustrialexploitation.ThereareevermorepeopleontheEarth,andtheyreasonablyandrightfullywanttohavebetterlives,ratherthanmerelystruggleforsurvival.Whilethewaysofusingresourceshaveimproved,thereisstillagrowingneedforrawmaterials,andsomewildernessescontaintheminabundance.Iftheycanbetappedwithoutreducingtheservicesthosewildernessesprovide,theargumentgoes,thereisnofurtherreasonnottodoso.Beinguntouchedisnot,initself,acharacteristicworthvaluingaboveallothers.休斯顿研究所的客座教授LeeLane对此有不同看法。他承认荒野确实很有用，比如可以储水。但是他认为这个理由绝对不至于阻止人类进军荒野或者避免人类的商业和工业开发。地球上的人越来越多了，他们合理并且恰当地想要一种更好的生活，而不是在挣扎中艰难度日。尽管使用资源的方式有所改善，但是人类对于原材料的需求持续增长，而一些荒野这些资源十分充足。反对者认为，如果他们可以控制得当，不影响荒野的调节作用，那么将没有理由再继续搁置。从本质上讲，没开发并不是说它不该开发。Ilookforwardstoseeingtheseviewstakenfurther,andtotheirbeingchallengedbytheotherparticipants.Onechallengethatsuggestsitselftomeisthatbothcasesneedtotakeonthequestionofspiritualvaluealittlemoredirectly.Andthereisapracticalquestionastowhetherwildernessescanbeexploitedwithoutharm.我希望看到这些观点进一步交锋，希望看到其它人的质疑。这两个案例带给我的启发是这两种观点需要更加直接地阐述精神价值的层面。是否可以无害地开发荒野这个问题还有待解决。Thisisatopicthatcallsfornotonlyfreeexpressionoffeelings,butalsotheguidanceofreason.Whatpositionwildernessshouldenjoyinthepreservationoftheworldobviouslydeservesmuchmoreseriousthinking.这个话题不仅让人们畅所欲言，而且找到论据。荒野在世界保护项目中所处的位置这个问题很显然值得人类认真的考虑。67.JohnSauvenholdsthat_____.A.manypeoplevaluenaturetoomuchB.exploitationofwildernessesisharmfulC.wildernessesprovidehumanswithnecessitiesD.theurgetodeveloptheecosystemservicesisstrong68.WhatisthemainideaofPara.3?A.Theexploitationisnecessaryforthepoorpeople.B.Wildernessescannotguaranteebetteruseofrawmaterials.C.Usefulservicesofwildernessesarenotthereasonfornoexploitation.D.Allthecharacteristicsconcerningtheexploitationshouldbetreatedequally.69.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthisdebate?A.Objective.B.Disapproving.C.Sceptical.D.Optimistic.70.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?A.B.C.D.