无线传感器网络MAC层协议的分析比较

MAC,(361005):,,,MAC,,MACMAC,MAC,:;MAC;;:TP212:B:10042373X(2007)242033204AnalysisandComparisononMACProtocolofWirelessSensorNetworkLINXiaolan,XIAOMingbo(InformationScienceandTechnologyDepartment,XiamenUniversity,Xiamen,361005,China)Abstract:WirelessSensorNetwork(WSN)iscomposedofalargenumberofcheapandmicro2sensors,whichcommunicatewitheachotherinawirelesswayformamulti2hopandself2organizingnetworkmonitoringcertainphysicalvariableintheareaofdeployment.BecauseofthenumberofnodesinWSN,theMACprotocolisoneofthekeyprotocolstoensureefficientcom2municationinawirelesssensornetwork.Duetosomepracticallimitationsonenergysupply,communicationresources,compu2tationandstoragecapacityineachnode,theMACprotocolsofWSNarequitedifferentfromthoseusedintraditionalnet2works.ThispapertriestoprovideathoroughsurveyonMACprotocolproposedforWSN,andsummarizesuptheirprosandcons.BasedontheanalysisandcomparisononsometypicalMACprotocolsofWSN,wepointoutthetrendsinthisareaandproposesomedirectionsforfuturework.Keywords:wirelesssensornetwork;MACprotocol;timedivisionmultipleaccess;energy2efficient:2007206216[1],,3,(sensornode)(sinknode)1,,:(1),,,(2),,,,(3):E=Kdn,2n4,,,,,1(4),,1MAC(MediumAccessControl,MAC),,1.1MACMAC,2[2]:33200724263þü©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1),MAC,,,,,(2),,,MAC1.2MAC1.2.1MAC,,MAC,MACMAC,[3]:,,MAC,,,MAC,,,MACMAC,,MAC,1.2.2,[4]:,,,,1.2.3MAC,MAC,MAC:;;,MAC3:(1),;IEEE802.11MAC,S2MAC,T2MAC,Sift[5];(2)(timedivisionmultipleaccess,TDMA),,;DEANA[6],TRAMA[7],DMAC(3)MAC,FDMACDMATDMA,,TDMACSMAZ2MAC(ZebraMAC)[8],TDMAFDMASMACS/EAR(Self2organizingMediumAccessControlforSensorNetworks/EavesdropandRegister)[9],CDMACSMA/CAMAC[10]2MAC2.1MAC(CarrierSenseMultipleAccess,CSMA)IEEE802.11MAC[11](DistributedCoordinationFunction,DCF)CSMA/CA,MAC,,2.1.1S2MACWeiYeEstrin802.11MAC,SMAC(SensorMAC)[4]SMAC,,,SMAC,/,,:43:MAC©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1)/:,,,,2SYNC,,,,3,,,2/3S2MAC(2):,,(3):,RTS/CTS/DATA/ACK(NAV),,NAV0,(4):S2MACRTS/CTS,,4:S2MACRTS/CTS,,IEEE802.11MAC,RTS/CTS,S2MAC,,:,,,,,,,,2.1.2T2MACT2MAC(timeoutMAC)[12]S2MACT2MAC,,,5,,,,T2MACRTS/CTS/DATA/ACK,,TA(TimeActive),:;;RSSI(ReceivedSignalStrengthIndication);RTS/CTS,4S2MACIEEE802.11TA,,:TAC+R+T,,C,RRTS,TRTSCTS5T2MACT2MAC,,,,,2:;T2MAC2.2MACTDMA:TDMA;;,TDMAMACDMAC[13]TDMAMACS2MACT2MAC/,2,,,,,DMAC,53200724263þü©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1):6,,,(2),(3)(4)(More2To2Send,MTS),DMACDMAC6D2MACMAC:,,,:,;,,;,;,;,,;,MAC,,3MAC,,,MAC,,MAC,MACMAC,MAC,MAC,[1]AkyildizI,SuW,SankarasubramaniamY,etal.WirelessSensorNetwork:ASurvey[J].ComputerNetworks,2002,38(4):3932422.[2]KurtisKredo,PrasantMohapatra.MediumAccessControlinWirelessSensorNetworks[J].ComputerNetworks,2007,51:9612994.[3],,,.[M].:,2005.[4]YeW,HeidemannJ,EstrinD.AnEnergy2EfficientMACprotocolforWirelessSensorNetworks[A].INFOCOM2002,NewYork,NY,2002.[5]JamiesonK,BalakrishnanH,TayYC.Sift:AMACProto2colforEvent2drivenWirelessSensorNetworks.MIT2LCS2TR2894,2003.[6]BaoL,Garcia2Luna2AccessJJ.ANewApproachtoChannelAccessSchedulingforAdHocNetworks[A].In:Proc7thAnnualInt1Conf.onMobileComputingandNetworking(MobiCOM2001),Rome,Italy,2001:2102221.[7]RajendranV,ObraczkaK,Garcia2Luna2AccessJJ.Energy2efficient,Collision2freeMediumAccessControlforWirelessSensorNetworks[A].In:Proc1stInt1Conf.onEmbeddedNetworkedSensorSystem(SenSys03),LosAngeles,CA.2003:1812192.[8]RheeL,WarrierA,AiaM,etal.Z2MAC:aHybridMACforwirelessSensorNetworks[A].SenSys05,2005.[9]SohrabiK,GaoJ,AilawadhiV,PottieGJ.ProtocolsforSelf2organizationofaWirelessSensorNetwork[J].IEEEPersonalCommunicationsMagazine,2000,7(5):16227.[10]GuoC,ZhongL,RabaeyJM.Low2powerDistributedMACforAdHocSensorRadioNetworks[J].In:ProcInternetPerformanceSymp(Globecom01),SanAntonio,TX,2001:294422948.[11]IEEEComputerSocietyLANMANStandardsCommittee.IEEEStd802.1121999,wirelessLANMediumAccessControl(MAC)andPhysicalLayer(PHY)Specifications.1999.[12]VanDamT,LangendoenK.AnAdaptiveEnergy2efficientMACProtocolsforWirelessSensorNetworks[A].In:Proc1stInt1Conf.onEmbeddedNetworkedSenorSystems(Sensys),LosAngeles,CA.2003.[13]LuG,KrishnamachariB,RaghavendraC.AnAdaptiveEn2ergy2EfficientandLow2LatencyMACforDataGatheringinWirelessSensorNetworks[J].(IPDPS04),2004:2242230.,1983,,63:MAC©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.