lesson-6-Loving-and-Hating-New-York

Unit6LovingandHatingNewYorkByThomasGriffithImpressiononNewYorkWhatcanyouthinkofwhenNewYorkismentioned?Useoneword.NewYorkTheBigAppleTheCityThatNeverSleepsTheCapitalofTheWorldTheEmpireCityStatueofLibertyTheWorldFinanceCenterTimeSquareBroadwayStandingcityInternationalmetropolis“Ifyoulovehim,bringhimtoNewYork,forit’sHeaven.”“Ifyouhatehim,bringhimtoNewYork,forit’sHell.”Heaven?Hell?NewYorkBackgroundKnowledge1)ThomasGriffith(1915-2002)Americanwriterandeditorinthe20thcentury;Since1974hehasbeenpresscolumnistofTimemagazine;staffcontributortoFortunemagazineandcolumnistofAtlanticMonthly.HeisanuprootedwesternerwhonowcallsNewYorkhome.Publications:TheWaist-HighCulture(1959);HowTrue?--ASkeptic’sGuidetoBelievingtheNews.(1974)GlimpseofNewYorkExplainwhatthefollowingpropernamessymbolize.Hollywood---U.S.motionpictureindustryoritslife,world,etc.TinPanAlley---thepublishers,writers,andpromotersofpopularmusic;thecenterofpopularmusicMadisonAvenue---theadvertisingindustry,itspractices,influence,etc.FifthAvenue---afashionableshoppingcenterBroadway---theNewYorkcommercialtheatreorentertainmentindustryDisneyland---aplaceofunreality,fantasy,incongruity,etc.GreenwichVillage---acenterforartists&writersinNewYorkDisneyland---(aftertheamusementcenternearLosAngles,createdbyWaltDisney)aplaceofunreality,fantasyetc.WallStreet---theU.S.moneymarketortheU.S.financiersandtheirpower,influence,policies,etc.ManhattanSkylinewithTheStatueofLibertyNewYork—officialnameCityofNewYorkandoftencalledNewYorkCitytodistinguishitfromNewYorkstate,inwhichitislocated—isthemostpopulouscityintheUnitedStates,andthesecondmostpopulousinNorthAmerica,afterMexicoCity.BriefIntroductionAffectionatelyknownasTheBigApple,NewYorkisbymanymeasuresoneofthemostimportantcitiesintheworld.Itisprobablytheworld'smostimportantfinancialcenter,andoneofthemostimportantculturalcentersoftheWesternworld.TheUnitedNationsheadquartersisinNewYork,givingsomecredencetothecity'sself-designationascapitaloftheworld.1)Location:ItislocatedinthesouthernpartofNewYorkState,atthemouthofthe_________RiverandbordersontheAtlanticOcean.HudsonNewYorkCity2)TheCityofNewYorkiscomposedofboroughs，eachacountyofNewYorkState:Manhattan(NewYorkCounty);Brooklyn(KingsCounty);TheBronx(BronxCounty);Queens(QueensCounty);andStatenIsland(RichmondCounty).ThemainpartofNewYorkisonManhattan.fiveBronxManhattanBrooklynQueensStatenIslandHudsonRiverManhattanfromhelicopter3)History:TheDutchWestIndiaCompanysettledNewAmsterdamin1624.ItwasaDutchcolony.ThefirstslavesfromAfricaarrivedafewyearslater.HIstoryIn1664,GreatBritain'sDukeofYorksentafleetthatquietlyseizedthesettlementandrechristenedthecolonyinhonoroftheduke.(TheyrenameditNewYork.)ControlofNewYorkpassedtotheyoungU.S.attheendofthe______________War,andGeorgeWashingtonwasinaugurated(InauguralAddress)presidentinNewYork’soldCityHall（1781）.Revolutionary4)Status:NewYorkCityisthecityandcommercialcenternotonlyinAmericabutalsointheworld.“TheBigApple”isamajorworldcapitalandaworldleaderin,thearts,andcommunications.TheportofNewYorkisoneofthefinestintheworldandranksasthe___________portontheEastCoast.financelargestlargestThecityisthehomeoftheUnitedNationsandtheheadquartersforsomeoftheworld'slargestcorporations.Thecityisalsothecenterofadvertising,fashion,publishing,culture,art,musicandradiobroadcastingintheUnitedStates.NewYorkisalsooneofthecentersofindustryinAmerica.5)ProblemsofNewYorkCityAlongwithallN.Y.’sgreatness,ithasmanyseriousproblems.1)ThousandsofimmigrantshavenotfoundtheopportunitiestheyhadhopedforinN.Y..2)MorethanamillionNewYorkersreceivedwelfareaid,andthousandsliveinslums.Otherproblemsinclude3)airpollution,4)trafficjams,5)crime,6)drugabuse,7)racialconflicts,and8)theever-increasingcostoflivinginthecity.Alltheseproblemsaredrivingmanyfamilies---especiallywhitemiddle-classfamilies---tothesuburbs.Inspiteofitsproblems,NewYorkCityremainsoneofthemostinterestingandexcitingcitiesintheU.S.Infact,manypeopleconsideritthemostfascinatingcityintheworld.IvyLeagueschool常春藤高校联盟由美国东部最富盛名、历史最悠久的八所高等学府组成：哈佛大学(1636)(HarvardUniversity)、耶鲁大学(1701)(YaleUniversity)宾夕法尼亚大学(1740)(UniversityofPennsylvania)、普林斯顿大学(1746)(PrincetonUniversity)、哥伦比亚大学(1754)(ColumbiaUniversity)布朗大学(1764)(BrownUniversity)、达特茅斯学院(1769)(DartamouthUniversity)、康奈尔大学(1865)(CornellUniversity)这八所大学都是公认的一流大学，它们的历史悠久，治学严谨，教授水平高，学生质量好，因此常春藤大学又时常作为顶尖名校的代名词。BrownUniversityColumbiaUniversityCornellUniversityDartamouthUniversityHarvardUniversityPrincetonUniversityUniversityofPennsylvaniaYaleUniversityColumbiaUniversityGenreandstructuralanalysis1.TypeofWritingThisessayisapieceofexposition;expositorywritingExposition(Revision)1.Definition:---Expositionisatypeoforalorwrittendiscoursethatisusedtoexplain,describe,giveinformationorinform.2.Purpose:---toinformorexplain3.Requirements:---objectiveness,honestyandcompleteness4.Methodsforwritingapieceofexposition:---comparison;definition;classification;exemplification;contrast;illustrationetc.2.Organizationofthetext1)Whatisthemainthesis?2)Howisthethesisdeveloped?3)Thestructura