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当前位置:首页 > 高等教育 > 语言学 > 胡壮麟《语言学教程》(修订版)测试题——第五章:意义
中华英语学习网官方总站:圣才学习网官方总站:圣才学习网胡壮麟《语言学教程》(修订版)测试题——第五章:意义Chapter5Meaning1~5ABDDB6~10CACDAI.Choosethebestanswer.(20%)1.Thenamingtheoryisadvancedby________.A.PlatoB.BloomfieldC.GeoffreyLeechD.Firth2.“Weshallknowawordbythecompanyitkeeps.”Thisstatementrepresents_______.A.theconceptualistviewB.contexutalismC.thenamingtheoryD.behaviorism3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Senseisconcernedwiththeinherentmeaningofthelinguisticform.B.Senseisthecollectionofallthefeaturesofthelinguisticform.C.Senseisabstractanddecontextualized.D.Senseistheaspectofmeaningdictionarycompilersarenotinterestedin.4.“CanIborrowyourbike?”_______“Youhaveabike.”A.issynonymouswithB.isinconsistentwithC.entailsD.presupposes5.___________isawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsemanticfeatures.A.PredicationanalysisB.ComponentialanalysisC.PhonemicanalysisD.Grammaticalanalysis6.“Alive”and“dead”are______________.A.gradableantonymsB.relationalantonymsC.complementaryantonymsD.Noneoftheabove7._________dealswiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.A.ReferenceB.ConceptC.SemanticsD.Sense8.___________referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.A.PolysemyB.SynonymyC.HomonymyD.Hyponymy9.Wordsthatarecloseinmeaningarecalled______________.A.homonymsB.polysemiesC.hyponymsD.synonyms10.Thegrammaticalityofasentenceisgovernedby_______.A.grammaticalrulesB.selectionalrestrictionsC.semanticrulesD.semanticfeatures中华英语学习网官方总站:圣才学习网官方总站:圣才学习网(20%)31.Entailment:Itisbasicallyasemanticrelation(orlogicalimplication),anditcanbeclarifiedwiththefollowingsentences:a.TomdivorcedJane.b.JanewasTom’swife.Intermsoftruthvalue,thefollowingrelationshipsexistbetweenthesetwosentences:whenAistrue,Bmustbealsotrue;whenBisfalse,Amustalsobefalse.WhenBistrue,Amaybetrueorfalse.ThereforewecansayAentailsB.32.Proposition:Itistheresultoftheabstractionofsentences,whicharedescriptionsofstatesofaffairsandwhichsomewritersseeasabasicelementofsentencemeaning.Forexample,thetwosentences“CaesarinvadedGaul”and“GaulwasinvadedbyCaesar”holdthesameproposition.33.Compositionalanalysis:Itdefinesthemeaningofalexicalelementintermsofsemanticcomponents,orsemanticfeatures.Forexample,themeaningofthewordboymaybeanalyzedintothreecomponents:HUMAN,YOUNGandMALE.SimilarlygirlmaybeanalyzedintoHUMAN,YOUNGandFEMALE.34.Reference:Itiswhatalinguisticformreferstointherealworld;itisamatteroftherelationshipbetweentheformandthereality.V.Answerthefollowingquestions.(20%)35.Whatarethesenserelationsbetweenthefollowinggroupsofwords?Dogs,cats,pets,parrots;trunk,branches,tree,roots(青岛海洋大学,1999)Hyponymy,metonymyorpart-wholerelationship36.Whatarethethreekindsofantonymy?(武汉大学,2004)VI.Analyzethefollowingsituation.(20%)37.Foreachgroupofwordsgivenbelow,statewhatsemanticpropertyorpropertiesaresharedbythe(a)wordsandthe(b)words,andwhatsemanticpropertyorpropertiesdistinguishbetweentheclassesof(a)wordsand(b)words.(1)a.bachelor,man,son,paperboy,pope,chiefb.bull,rooster,drake,ram(2)a.table,stone,pencil,cup,house,ship,carb.milk,alcohol,rice,soup(3)a.book,temple,mountain,road,tractorb.idea,love,charity,sincerity,bravery,fear(青岛海洋大学,1999)answer:(1)The(a)wordsand(b)wordsaremale.The(a)wordsarehuman,whilethe(b)wordsarenon-human.中华英语学习网官方总站:圣才学习网官方总站:圣才学习网(2)The(a)wordsand(b)wordsareinanimate.The(a)wordsareinstrumental,whilethe(b)wordsareedible.(3)The(a)wordsand(b)wordsareworldlyorconceptual.The(a)wordsarematerial,whilethe(b)wordsarespiritual.
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