第六讲-wordsworth-and-Coleridge

WilliamWordsworth&SamuelTaylorColeridgePassiveRomanticPoetsWilliamWordsworth(1770-1850)LifeofWordsworthBirthplace:bornandgrewupinalawyer’sfamilyatCockermouthintheEnglishLakeDistrictFamily:Hismotherdiedwhenhewasonlyeight.Hisfatherfollowedhersixyearslater.Hewasthentakenbyhisuncles.Education:1787-1791,St.John’sCollegeofCambridgewithhisuncle’sfinancialaidsandreceivedB.A.degree.Experiences:1790-1792,hetwicevisitedFranceandwasfiredbyapassionatebeliefofFrenchRevolutionandtherepublicanideal.AndItwastherethathehadaloveaffairwithAnnetteVallonwhoborehimadaughtershortlybeforehisreturntoEngland.Lakepoets:DisappointedwiththeFrenchRevolution,WordsworthchosetoliveintheLakeDistrictwithhissisterDorothy.In1797,hemadefriendswithColeridgeandtheybecameverygoodfriends.TheycollaboratedonabookofpoemsentitledLyricalBalladsin1798.Wordsworth,ColeridgeandanotherpoetRobertSoutheywhoalsolivedintheLakeDistrict,thethreemenbecameknownastheLakePoets.Honors:poetlaureatein1843Death:WordsworthdiedatRydalMount,April23,1850,andwasburiedintheGrasmerechurchyard.Mainworks1.LyricalBallads《抒情歌谣集》，1798.ajointworkofWordsworthandhisfriendColeridge.ThepublicationofLyricalBalladsmarksthebeginningoftheRomanticMovementinEngland.2.PoemsonNatureandCountryLife“IWonderedLonelyasaCloud“独自漫游似浮云”“TheDaffodils”“TheSolitaryReaper”“孤独的收割者”“IWonderedLonelyAsaCloud”我犹如一朵云，独自漫游华兹华斯Questions:2.Whatdoestheimageofthecloudsuggesttoyou?3.Whathascheeredthepoetup?Andhow?4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthepoetandnature?5.Payattentiontothetenseusedinthispoem.Whatdoesitindicate?Iambictetrameter:alineconsistsoffouriambicfeet.tetrameter:therearefourfeetintheline;eachlinestartswithanunstressedsyllablefollowedbyastressedSyllable:iambus.rhymescheme:ababcc.Meter:iambictetrameter.iambictetrameter四步抑扬格eg:Iwan/deredlone/lyas/acloudIWanderedLonelyasaCloud我好似一朵流云独自流浪Iwan|deredlone|lyas|acloudThatfloats|onhigh|o’ervales|andhills,Whenall|atonce|Isaw|acrowd,Ahost,|ofgold|enda|ffodils;Beside|thelake,|beneath|thetrees,Fluttering|anddancing|inthebreeze.我好似一朵流云独自流浪，在山峰和峡谷的上空流浪，忽然我看到一群，哦，是一大片金灿灿的水仙花：在湖旁，在树下，在阵阵微风中翩翩起舞。Conti|nuousas|thestars|thatshineAndtwin|kleon|themilkyway,Theystre|tchedin|never-ending|lineAlong|themargin|ofabay:TenthousandIsawataglance,Tossingtheirheadsinsprightlydance连绵不断就像银河里闪烁的星星一样，她们沿着湖湾的边缘一直延伸，无边无尽：我只一瞥就看见一万朵一边飘舞一边轻盈地点头。personificationThewaves|beside|themdanced,|buttheyOut-did|thespark|lingwaves|inglee:Apo|etcould|notbut|begayInsuch|ajo|cundcom|pany:Igazed—|andgazed|—butlitt|lethoughtWhatwealth|theshow|tome|hadbrought:她们旁边的波浪也在起舞；但她们的欢快胜过闪耀的波浪；有这么欢快的水仙花作陪，一个诗人只能感到快乐；我一直凝视，凝视，很少思考这样的景色给我带来了怎样的财富Foroft,|whenon|mycouch|IlieInva|cantor|inpen|sivemood,Theyflash|upon|thatin|wardeyeWhichis|thebliss|ofso|litude;Andthen|myheart|withplea|suresfills,Anddan|ceswith|theda|ffodils.当我躺在沙发上，常常不论心事沉重，还是思绪空荡，那片水仙花总闪现在我心中我那孤独快乐的心灵中然后我的心就充满了快乐，并和那些水仙花一起跳起舞来。III.SamuelTaylorColeridge1.HisBiographicalInformationA.Alonely,sadandmentallyprecociousboyB.Enlistedinthe15thDragoonC.Life-longfriendshipwithWilliamWordsworthD.AnOpiumAddictA.Lonely,sadandmentallyprecociousboySamuelTaylorColeridge(1772-1834)wasborninOtterySt.Mary,Devonshire,thesonofaclergyman.Attheageofnine,hisfatherdied.OneyearlaterhewassentawaytoschoolatChrist’sHospitalinLondonandseldomwentbackhome.Hewasalonely,sadandmentallyprecociousboy,fullofdreamsinhismind.B.Enlistedinthe15thDragoonHowever,hefoundtheschoolanexcellentone,foritgavehimtheintellectualnurtureheneeded,aswellasalifelongfriend,CharlesLamb.ButtheuniversitylifeatCambridgeboredhim.Hefellintoidleness,hadtroublewithhisinstructor,andgotintodebt.Indespair,hebetookhimselftoLondonandenlistedinthe15thDragoon,butwasdischargedafterafewmonthsandreturnedtoCambridge,wherehefinishedhisstudyhowever,butleftwithoutadegree.Inspiredbytheradicalthinkerswiththeiridealism,ColeridgejoinedRobertSoutheyinaUtopianplanofestablishinganidealdemocraticcommunityinAmerica,named“Pantisocracy”.TheplanresultedinnothingbuthismarriagetoSaraFricker,whichturnedouttobeanunhappyone.C.Life-longfriendshipwithWordsworthInthespringof1797,ColeridgemetandbeganhislongfriendshipwithWilliamWordsworth.FallingunderWordsworth'sspell,Coleridge'screativeenergieswereawakenedandhebegantodevotehimselftopoetrywriting.In1798,thetwomenpublishedajointvolumeofpoetry.LyricalBallads,whichbecamealandmarkinEnglishpoetry.Coleridge’spoem,“TheRimeoftheAncientMariner,”wasincludedinthevolume.Theyears1797and1798wereamongthemostfruitfulofColeridge’slife.Inadditionto“TheAncientMariner”,hewrote“KubiaKhan”,and“TheNightingale”,whichareconsideredtobehisbest“conversational”poems.D.AnOpiumAddictIn1798,hetraveledwiththeWordsworthstoGermanywherehespentmuchofhistimestudyingGermanphilosophy,especiallythe18th-centuryidealismofImmanuelKant.AfterhereturnedtoEnglandin1800,ColeridgesettledwithhisfamilyatKeswickintheLakeDistrictnearWordsworth.BythistimeColeridgehadbecomeaddictedtoopium,adrugheusedtoeasethepainofrheumatism,whichgraduallydestroyedhishealth,happinessandpoeticcreativity.2.WritingCareerandPhilosophicalIdealA.PhilosophicalidealB.Literalachie