含有磁石的玩具

Confidential-DoNotDistribute©2006Mattel,Inc.AllRightsReserved.1MAGNETSINTOYS含有磁石的玩具PreparedBy:P.W.ChanDate:Oct.,2007Confidential-DoNotDistribute©2006Mattel,Inc.AllRightsReserved.2MAGNETSINTOYSPROBLEMOFMAGNETSINTOYS磁石在玩具中的问题•TheHazard危险Whensmall,powerfulmagnetsareswallowedseparately,theycanattractacrossintestinalwallsandproduceperforations,infectionanddeath.当细小强力的磁铁被分别吞下,将会透过肠内壁相吸而产生穿孔,感染或死亡.Fromthesummerof2005,therewereatleast11incidentsofintestinalperforationduetomagnetsintoys.自从2005年夏季以来,已经至少有11个肠道穿孔案例是由玩具中的磁石引起.•Analysisofincidentdatarevealedthatthemagnetsinvolvedintheincidentswere分析数据显示事件中涉及的磁石是:Powerful,rare-earthmagnetsofneodymium,iron,boronconstruction(NIB).强力的NIB磁石.Themagnetsweresmallandeasilyswallowable.细小而容易吞下的磁石.Confidential-DoNotDistribute©2006Mattel,Inc.AllRightsReserved.3MAGNETSINTOYSHOWTHEMARKETREACT市场上的反应•TheCPSCissuesasafetyalert(美国)消费品安全委员会发出安全警告.•ASTMworkgroupusingtheincidentdata,dateanalysis,expertopinionsandotherinformationtodeterminethemagnetrequirements.美国材料实验协会的工作小组就事件数据,数据分析及专家意见去确定磁石的要求.•Frenchmarketrequiredfollowingmarkingontoyorpackage法国市场要求玩具或包装上有以下标签≪Attention!Risquedelesionsdigestivesgravessidesaimantssontavales!≫•EuropeanstandardsbodyCENhasestablishedataskgroupformagnets.ThistaskgroupwilldevelopastandardforEuropeformagnetsthateventuallybeincludedinEN71-1.欧洲标准团体CEN已经成立专责小组负责磁石问题.这个专责小组将会为欧洲制订磁石标准并纳入EN71-1.Confidential-DoNotDistribute©2006Mattel,Inc.AllRightsReserved.4MAGNETSINTOYSCURRENTSTANDARD(ASTMF963-07)现行标准•Magnetswiththespecifiedsizeandstrengthshouldberestricted.指定尺寸和强度的磁石会被限制使用.Strength:Fluxindex50KG2.mm2强度:磁通系数50KG2.mm2Fluxindex–Fluxdensity2xPolesurfacearea,whereFluxDensityisinkiloGauss(kG)andPolesurfaceareaisinmm2磁通系数–磁通密度2x磁极表面积,磁通密度单位千高斯(kG),面积单位是平方厘米(mm2)Size:Notfitentirelyinsidethefollowinggauges尺寸:不能完全落入以下基子.Confidential-DoNotDistribute©2006Mattel,Inc.AllRightsReserved.5MAGNETSINTOYSCURRENTSTANDARD(ASTMF963-07)现行标准Confidential-DoNotDistribute©2006Mattel,Inc.AllRightsReserved.6MAGNETSINTOYSCOMINGDRAFTOFASTMF963草议中的ASTMF963版本•Staywiththestrengthrequirement,butchangethesizelimitationtonotfitentirelyinsidethesmallpartcylinder.保留强度要求,但改变尺寸的限制,不能完全落入小物体基子中Confidential-DoNotDistribute©2006Mattel,Inc.AllRightsReserved.7MAGNETSINTOYSPOSSIBLEALTERNATIVEINTOYDESIGN玩具设计中可能的选择•Avoidtheuseofmagnet避免磁石的使用Confidential-DoNotDistribute©2006Mattel,Inc.AllRightsReserved.8MAGNETSINTOYSPOSSIBLEALTERNATIVEINTOYDESIGN玩具设计中可能的选择•Enlargethecomponentsothatitcannotfitintosmallpartcylinderonasreceivedstage.加大部件使其在常态不能落入指定的小物体基子内.Confidential-DoNotDistribute©2006Mattel,Inc.AllRightsReserved.9MAGNETSINTOYSPOSSIBLEALTERNATIVEINTOYDESIGN玩具设计中可能的选择•Useareliablemethodtoensurethemagnetwon’texposureafteruseandabusetests用可靠的方法保证磁石在使用和滥用测试后不会外露.Confidential-DoNotDistribute©2006Mattel,Inc.AllRightsReserved.10MAGNETSINTOYSSUGGESTEDMANUFACTURINGCONTROL建议的生产控制•QualifyeachretainingsystemindependentlybytheuseandabusetestssuchasImpacttest,TorqueandTensiontest,orCompressiontest.通过使用和滥用测试单独地验证每一个保护系统,例如冲击测试,扭力测试和拉力测试或压力测试.•Testtheproducttofailureandusestatisticaltoolstodeterminetheprobabilityofcomplyingwiththerequirement.将产品测试至极限并使用统计工具来确定符合要求的概率.•Continuousmonitorthemanufacturingstabilitybyverifythequalityofproductionsampleinhourlybasisandusecontrol-charttoeaseformonitoring.通过每小时的抽样方法,持续监察生产的稳定性及质量并使用控制图表以方便日后的生产管理.Confidential-DoNotDistribute©2006Mattel,Inc.AllRightsReserved.11MAGNETSINTOYS