高中英语人教版必修5课时作业Unit1PeriodOne

Unit1GreatscientistsPeriodOneWarmingUp&ReadingⅠ.用适当的介、副词填空1．JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon—soexpert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.2．Thiswasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday.3．Acloudofdangerousgasfloatedarounduntilitfounditsvictims.4．Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.5．Asthediseasespreadquicklythroughpoorneighbourhoods,hebegantogatherinformation.6．Hediscoveredthatthesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.7．Next,JohnSnowlookedintothesourceofthewaterforthesetwostreets.8．Soonafterwardsthediseasesloweddown.9．InanotherpartofLondon,hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeathsthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.10．WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.Ⅱ.佳句翻译与仿写1．Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.翻译人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。仿写他和我都不打算去参加这次会议。Neither_he_nor_I_am_going_to_attend_the_meeting.2．Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.翻译每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死亡。仿写我每次去北京都会去参观长城。Every_time_I_went_to_Beijing,_I_would_visit_the_Great_Wall.3．Heknewthatcholerawouldneverbecontrolleduntilitscausewasfound.翻译他知道，直到找到病源，霍乱才能控制住。仿写我亲眼所见后才会相信他的话。I_will_never_believe_him_until_I_see_with_my_own_eyes.4．Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.翻译看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮用水了。仿写好像那次交通事故应该怪司机。It_seemed_that_the_driver_was_to_blame_for_the_traffic_accident.5．Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.翻译为了防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议，所有水源都要经过检测。仿写我建议他改天再来。I_suggested_(that)_he_(should)_come_another_day.Ⅲ.单项填空1．Who________atheoryaboutblackholes?A．putforwardB．putdownC．putawayD．putoff答案A解析putforward提出(意见、方案等)，符合题意。putdown放下，记下，镇压；putaway把……收拾放好；putoff推迟，关上(电灯、电器等)。2．Theyhavediscussedtheplanforalongtime,buttheyhaven’t________aconclusion.A．arrivedB．comeC．drawnD．reachedto答案C解析arriveat/cometo/draw/reachaconclusion“得出结论”。3．Buthebecame________whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople________tocholera.A．inspired；exposingB．inspired；exposedC．inspiring；exposingD．inspiring；exposed答案B解析inspired“受到鼓舞的”，常用于修饰人，inspiring“鼓舞人心的，令人振奋的”，常用于修饰物；排除C、D两项。第二空用过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动。4．Intwoparticularstreets,thecholeraoutbreakwas________severethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.A．reallyB．suchC．soD．too答案C解析此处考查“so...that...”句型。such...that也可表示“如此……以至于……”，但such后接名词。5．Hewas________tofindoutwhy.A．decidedB．determinedC．madeuphismindD．devoted答案B解析bedeterminedtodosth.“下决心做某事”；decidetodosth.“决定做某事”；makeupone’smindtodosth.“下决心做某事”；bedevotedto“专心于……，致力于……”，to是介词。6．Thisgavehima________clueaboutthe________ofthedisease.A．valueless；excuseB．worthless；reasonC．valuably；causeD．valuable；cause答案D解析valueless,worthless“没有价值的”；valuably“有价值地”，是副词；valuable是形容词。cause指产生某种现象或结果的必然原因，常与of搭配；reason指用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，常与for连用；excuse指为免受指责或推卸责任而找的借口。7．Awomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehadit________toherhouseeveryday.A．deliverB．deliveredC．deliveringD．todeliver答案B解析此处考查havesth.done“让某事被做”。8．Thebabyis________aboy________agirl.Ican’tseeclearly.A．either；orB．neither；norC．notonly；butalsoD．not；but答案A解析either...or“不是……就是……”；neither...nor...“既不……也不……”；notonly...butalso...“不但……而且……”；not...but...“不是……而是……”。根据语境“我看不清楚”，判断A项是正确答案。9．________this________happeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.A．Toprevent；/B．Preventing；fromC．Tokeep；/D．Keeping；from答案A解析第一空用不定式作目的状语，排除B、D两项；若选C项，则from不可省。prevent/stopsb.(from)doingsth.相当于keepsb.fromdoingsth.“阻止某人做某事”。10．________issimilartocholeratoday?A．WhatdiseasedoyouthinkthatB．DoyouthinkwhatdiseaseC．DoyouthinkthatwhatdiseaseD．Whatdiseasedoyouthink答案D解析此处考查“疑问词＋doyouthink＋从句的其他部分”。A项中that多余。Ⅳ.阅读理解LinusPauling，theonlypersonwhohaswontwoundividedNobelPrizes，wasborninPortland，Oregon.HeattendedWashingtonHighSchoolbutbecauseofanunimportantdetailhedidnotreceivehisdiplomauntil1962，longafterhehadreceivedhisBachelor’sdegreeinchemicalengineeringfromOrgonStateCollegein1922.Hehadchosentostudyhismajorbecausehecouldgetagoodjobwithit.HewontheNobelPrizeforChemistryin1954forhisresearchintothenatureofthechemicalbondanditsapplicationtotheexplanationofthestructureofcomplexsubstance.Hisinterestinthe“behavior”ofmolecules(分子)ledhimfromphysicalchemistrytobiologicalchemistry，especiallyofthehumanbody.Hebeganwithproteinsandtheirmainparts，theaminoacids(氨基酸)，whicharecalledthe“buildingblocksoflife”．In1950，heconstructedthefirstsatisfactorymodelofaproteinmolecule，adiscoveryveryimportanttotheunderstandingofthelivingcell.DuringWorldWarⅡ，PaulingwasamemberoftheResearchBoardforNationalSecurity，forwhichhewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofMeritin1948.However，theuseoftheatomicbombneartheendofthewarturnedPaulinginanewdirection.Havinglongworkedonthestructureofmolecules，hetookanimmediateinterestinthedeadlyeffectsofnuclearfalloutonhumanmolecularstructures.Fromthenon，Paulingprotestedtheproductionofthehydrogenbombandsupportedthepreventionofthespreadofnuclearweapons.Throughhisefforts，TheNuclear­Test­BanTreaty，declaringallnuclearteststobeillegalexceptundergroundones，cameintoeffectonOctober10,1963，thesamedayLinusPaulingwasawardedtheNobelPeace.1．Fr