英国文学史及作品选读(09级)-Lecture-9

Lecture9TheRomanticPeriod(III)ⅠTeachingContentJaneAusten;PrideandPrejudiceⅡTimeAllotment2periodsⅢTeachingObjectivesandRequirements1HelpthestudentshaveagoodunderstandingofJaneAusten.2HelpthestudentshaveagoodunderstandingofPrideandPrejudice,especiallyitsfirstchapter.ⅣKeyPointsandDifficultPointsinTeaching1JaneAusten2PrideandPrejudiceⅤTeachingMethodsandMeansLecture;Discussion;Multi-mediaⅥTeachingProcess1JaneAusten(1775-1817)1.1Bibliographicalintroduction●JaneAustenwasbornin1775atSteventon,Hampshire.Shewastheyoungerdaughterandtheseventhchildofafamilyofeightchildren.AustenbrieflyattendedboardingschoolinOxford,SouthamptonandReading.●Fromtheageoften,hereducationwastakenbyherelderbrothersandherfather.Austenlivedatuneventfullife,passingthegreatpartofitatherbirthplaceandatKent.●Herdevelopmentasanovelistwasslowandpainstaking.Shestartedwritingnovelsatabouttwenty,buteachofthemunderwentrevisionandnonewaspublishedatonce.●Ofhereightnovels,onlyfourappearedinherlifetime:SenseandSensibility(1811),PrideandPrejudice(1813),MansfieldPark(1814)andEmma(1815).NorthangerAbbeyandPersuasioncameoutafterherdeath.Andtheothertwonovelswereleftunfinished.On18July,1817,attheageofforty-two,shediedinhersister’sarmsinWinchester.1.2CommentsonAusten●JaneAustenisawriteroftheeighteenthcentury,thoughshelivesinthenineteenthcenturyEngland.Sheholdstheidealofthelandlordclassinpolitics,religionandmoralprinciples;andherworksshowclearlyherfirmbeliefinthepredominanceofreasonoverpassion,thesenseofresponsibility,goodmannersandclear-sightedjudgment.Andinstyle,sheisaneoclassicismadvocator,upholdingthosetraditionalideasoforder,reason,proportionandgracefulnessinnovelwriting.●Austen’sworkhasaverynarrowliteraryfield.◆Thesubjectmatter,thecharacterrange,thesocialsetting,andplotsareallrestrictedtotheprovinciallifeofthelate18thcenturyEngland,concerningthreeorfourlandedgentryfamilieswiththeirroutinelife.◆Withtrenchantobservationandinmeticulousdetail,shepresentsthequiet,day-to-daylifeoftheupper-middle-classEnglish.Sheisparticularlypreoccupiedwiththerelationshipbetweenmenandwomeninlove.◆Storiesofloveandmarriageprovidethemajorthemesinallhernovels,inwhichallcharactersarealwaysplayinganactivepart.Intheirpursuitofamarriage,theyareusuallycategorizedintothreetypesaccordingtotheirdifferentattitudes:thosewhowouldmarryformaterialwealthandsocialposition,thosewhowouldmarryjustforbeautyandpassion,andthosewhowouldmarryfortruelovewithaconsiderationofthepartner’smeritaswellashiseconomicalandsocialstatus.Inanotherword,Austentriestosaythatitiswrongtomarryjustformoneyorforbeauty,butitisalsowrongtomarrywithoutit.●Hernovelsshowawealthofhumor,witanddelicatesatire,ascanbeseenfromhercharacterizationofMr.BennetinPrideandPrejudice.●Herstyleiseasyandeffortless,aperfectexampleofwhatDeQuincey(Englishessayistandcritic,best-knownforhisautobiographyConfessionsofanEnglishOpiumEater《一个英国鸦片服用者的自白》。)meantwhenhesaidthatweshouldhavetoturntotheproseofthecultivatedgentlewomanforEnglishuncorruptedbyslangandcantoftheworld.●Hernovelsaremostlyconcernedwithyoungwomen’ssocialgrowthandself-discovery.Nearlyallofthemexploreaconsistentthemethatmaturityisachievedthroughthelossofillusions.Tosomeextent,hernovelsbelongtothetraditionofBildungsroman(anovelofgrowthordevelopment,tellingastoryaboutayoungpersongrowingfrominnocencetoexperienceandfromimmaturitytomaturity).2PrideandPrejudice2.1CommentonPrideandPrejudice●Itsstoryisatoncesimple(loveandmarriage)andcomplex(somanynarrativethreadslooseandsomanycharactersofwidelydiversepersonalities).●Thereislittleactioninthisnovel.Itisfamousforitsdetailedstudyofeverydaylifeanditswonderfulcharacterization.●Theportrayalofthecharactersisamazinglyvariedandcolourful.◆Thegalleryofwomenhereissimplyglittering.Mrs.Bennetisbeautiful,ignorant,andsnobbish.Heronlybusinessistomarryherdaughterstowealthyyoungmen.JaneBennetisaserene,reticentbeauty,Elizabeththespirited,vocalbeauty,Lydiaaspoiledbrat,innocentandhopelesssillyandromantic,CharlotteLucas,plain,practical,andmistressofherownlife.◆Inaddition,theportraitsofthemenarenolessnoteworthy.Mr.Bennetiskind-hearted,humorous,eccentric,butabitpedantic;Darcy’spersonalityiscomplex.Mr.Bingleyisgood-natured,impressionable;Mr.Collinsismediocre,amixtureofpomposityandhumility;Mr.Wickhamistherakeandvillainofthenovel.●Inthisnovel,threekindsofmotivationsoforattitudestowardsmarriagearepresentedformanifestation.◆First,thereismarriagemerelyforfortune，moneyandsocialrank.◆Thesecondisthetendencytomarryforbeauty，attractionandpassionregardlessofeconomicconditionsorpersonalmerits.Thisisgenerallyknownas“loveatfirstsight”.◆Lastlycomestheidealmarriage,whichisalovematchwithconsiderationsofthelover’spersonalmeritsandeconomicconditions.Bypresentingsuchthreekindsofmotivationsofmarriage,JaneAustentriestosaythatitiswrongtomarryjustformoneyorforbeauty,butitisalsowrongtomarrywithoutconsiderationofeconomicconditions.2.2DiscussionofChapter1inPrideandPrejudice●Thesignificanceofthefirstsentence:◆ItbrisklyintroducesthearrivalofMr.BingleyatNetherfield,theeventthatsetsthenovelinmotion.◆Itoffersamini