基于单片机的RFID读卡器设计

张晓璐作本科毕业论文（设计）(题目：基于单片机的RFID读卡器设计)张晓璐作I基于单片机的RFID读卡器设计摘要射频识别技术是近几年发展起来的前沿科技,兴起于二十世纪九十年代，是一种非接触式的自动识别技术。它利用射频信号通过空间耦合的方式实现无直接接触的信息传递以达到识别的目的。基于单片机控制芯片STC89C52和射频芯片MFRC500的射频读写器是RFID应用系统的重要模块之一，该读卡器设计选用的是工作频率为13.56MHZ的射频系统。本文首先从课题的研究背景、意义及其发展前景开始介绍；然后描述了RFID系统的分类、组成、基本原理及各芯片的选择；最后重点阐述了射频读写器硬件和软件设计。硬件部分设计主要包括以下几大模块：MCU控制模块、射频模块、天线电路模块、串口通信电路模块及显示电路模块等。软件设计主要包括系统的工作方式说明及主要功能函数说明等。系统设计完成后经过调试，基本能完成设计的要求。关键词：射频识别技术；读写器；MFRC500;STC89C52张晓璐作IIRFIDreaderdesignbasedonsinglechipAbstractRadioFrequencyIdentification(RFID)isacutting-edgescienceandtechnologyprojectthatisdevelopedinrecentyears..Inaddition,itisanemergenceofantennainthe1990s.ThetechnologyofautomaticIdentification,whichisusedwiththecouplingofradiomagneticfieldtorealizecontactlesscommunicationsoastoidentifytheitems.Theradiofrequencycardreaderservesasoneofthemajordevicesoftheradiofrequencyapplicationsystem.ThepaperintendstointroducethedesignoftheradiofrequencycardreaderbasedonSTC89C52MCUandMFRC500radiofrequencystationchipanditsremodulationwiththecarrierof13.56MHZ.Firstly,itmakesabriefintroductionofthebackgroundsignificanceandprospectsforthedevelopmentofRFIDsystem.AndtheclassificationoftheRFIDsystem,thechoiceofthebasicprincipleandthechipswillbemade.Finally,theauthorfocusesontheRFIDreaderhardwareandsoftwaredesign.ThepartconcerninghardwaredesignincludestheMCUcontrolmoduledesign,theRFIDmodulardesign,thesystemantennacircuitdesign,serialcommunicationcircuitdesignandLCDdisplaycircuitdesign.What’smore,thedescriptionofsystemworksandmainfunctionareincludedinSoftwaredesign.Afterthecompletionofthesystemdesign,itsbasicdesignfeatureswillberevealedintheresults.KeyWords:RFID；CardReader；MFRC500；STC89C52张晓璐作目录1绪论..........................................................................................................11.1课题研究的背景和意义......................................................................11.2RFID读卡器研究及应用的国内外现状和前景................................12射频识别系统技术及相关理论.............................................................32.1射频识别系统的分类..........................................................................32.2射频识别系统的组成..........................................................................33系统硬件芯片选择及总体连接图.........................................................63.1系统硬件选择及简单介绍..................................................................63.1.1主控芯片STC89C52........................................................................63.1.2射频芯片MFRC500........................................................................83.1.3串行通信接口芯片RS232............................................................103.1.4液晶显示电路芯片LCD1602.......................................................113.2系统总体连接图................................................................................123.3硬件原理图（见附录1）.................................................................144读卡器硬件部分电路设计...................................................................154.1单片机控制电路设计........................................................................154.2射频芯片MFRC500模块接口设计................................................164.3系统天线电路设计............................................................................174.4串口RS232接口电路设计..............................................................184.5LCD显示部分电路设计....................................................................19张晓璐作5系统软件设计.......................................................................................205.1系统工作流程说明............................................................................205.2主要功能函数说明及流程图............................................................235.2.1寻卡函数.........................................................................................235.2.2执行命令函数.................................................................................255.2.3MFRC500中断函数.......................................................................265.2.4部分软件程序清单（见附录2）..................................................276串口通信调试.......................................................................................286.1单片机与串口通信协议....................................................................286.2串口调试及结果分析........................................................................297.1硬件电路总结....................................................................................317.2软件设计总结....................................................................................317.3功能扩展与前景展望........................................................................31致谢............................................................................................................33参考文献...................................................................................................34附录1硬件电路图..................................................................................35附录2部分软件程序清单......................................................................36张晓璐作11绪论1.1课题研究的背景和意义射频识别技术是近几年发展起来的前沿的科技,它兴起于二十世纪九十年代，是一种非接触式的自动识别技术。它利用射频信号通过空间耦合实现无接触信息传递并通过所传递的信息达到自动识别目的。射频识别技术的发展得益于这几年中国