How-News-Becomes-Opinion-and-Opinion-Off-limits-综合

CEB5L12：HowNewsBecomesOpinionandOpinionOff-limits课后练习A.Paraphrases1.Andtruthisslippery,hardtoestablish.Truthisnoteasytograspandverydifficulttoprove.2.OneofthemoreextraordinarytruthsaboutthesoapoperathatistheBritishroyalfamilyisthattoalargeextenttheleadingfigureshavehadtheircharactersinventedforthembytheBritishpress.Thescandals,sexualandotherthingsinvolvingmembersoftheroyalfamilyhaveinrecentyearsoutshonethetelevisionserialsdealingwithfamilyproblems.ThemostremarkablefactisthatthecharactersofthoseindividualswhoarepartofthescandalsarelargelyinventedbytheBritishpress.3.Thecreationof“characters”is,infact,rapidlybecominganessentialpartofprintjournalism’sstockintrade.Actually,theportrayaloffictionalcharactershasquicklybecomeamostimportantdeviceemployedbythepress.4.…willinglydrinkingthepoisonedchaliceofFame.Thesepeoplearepleasedandcontentedwhentheyareinthelimelightorinthenewspaperheadlinesalthoughsuchfamemightbeanillomen.5.Foranovelisttobethuswrittenis,Irecognize,acaseofthebiterbit.IamawareofthefactthatsinceIamanovelistandhaveusedmanydifferenttypesofpeopleasrawmaterialforcharactercreation,Imyselfbeingrewrittenintosomeoneunrecognizabletomyselfisatypicalexampleofapersongoodattricklingothersbeingtricked.6.InBritain,intrusionsintotheprivatelivesofpublicfigureshavepromptedcallsfortheprotectionofprivacylaws.InBritain,asaresultofexposureofprivatelivesoffamouspeople,certaingroupsofinfluentialpeoplehavedemandedtheadoptionoflawsprotectingprivacy.7.…butwherethepowerfulcanhidebehindthelaw,mightnotagooddealofcovertostrichfarminggoundetected?…butiftheillegalactivitiesofthoseinfluentialpeoplecouldbekeptunknowntothepublicasaresultofprivacyprotectionlaws,itispossiblethatalotofotherillegalactivitiescouldalsobecoveredupbysuchlaws.[arhetoricaldeviceforemphasis]8.Manyspecial-interestgroups,claimingthemoralhighground,nowdemandtheprotectionofthecensor.Manyorganizedgroupspursuingspecialpolicygoalswhichassertthattheyaremorallysuperiortoothergroupsarenowdemandingthatofficialsshouldbeauthorizedtocontrolthecontentofprintedmatters,TVprogramsandfilms.[Irony]9.Religiousextremists,thesedays,demand“respect”fortheirattitudeswithgrowingstridency.Thosewhoholdfundamentalistreligiousbeliefshaverecentlymakinglouderandlouderdemandsthattheirconservativebeliefsshouldbeacceptedwithoutquestion.10....butnowweareaskedtoagreethattodissentfrom----inincompatiblewiththeideaofrespect.…butnowweareexpectedtoaccepttheviewthatifweexpressdisagreementwiththosebeliefs,ifwethinkthosebeliefsmightbeunsoundorout-of-dateorwrong,thattheythereforecouldbedebated,weareshowingdisrespectforthosebeliefs,wearegoingbeyondtheboundsofdecentbehavior.--教师用书补充部分：1.Iwaswonderingthat,ifany,commongroundmightbeoccupiedbynovelistsandjournalists.Iwascuriousaboutthefactwhethernovelistsandjournalistshadanybasisforagreementandiftherewasany,thenwhatwasthatcommonground.[Inusingthe“what,ifany”pattern,thewriterisexpressingtheviewthathedoesnotthinkthereisany.]2.Heis,ofcourse,acelebratedexporterofmusicalturkeys.UndoubtedlySirWebberisfamousforhiscompositionofmusicforanumberoflightweight,money-makingmusicalswhichhavebeenexportedtoothercountries.[Irony]3.Butifweagreeforamomenttopermit…accountfortheiractivities?Sincethosewhocommitfraudulenceshouldbepunished,thosewhoreapedprofitsbyfraudinostrich-farmingshouldalsobebroughttolightandpunished.4.Andmighttherenotbeoccasions...inthenationalinterest?Theremightbeoccasionsforeditorstoacceptthiskindofreportonthegroundofnationalinterestinspiteofthefactthattheevidencewasnotstrongenoughandthesourceofthereportwasprovidedbyaninformerandthereforemaybequestionable.5.Fortheultimategoalofbothfactualandfictionalwritingisthetruth,however…thatmaysound.Thefinalpurposeofnewsreportingandnovelwritingisthetellingofthetruth,althoughthismaysoundcontradictory.6.Fineasthewordsounds,truthisalltoooftenunpalatable,awkward,unorthodox.Thoughtruthmaygivepeopletheimpressionthatitisgoodandwonderful,itisunacceptabletothemind,embarrassingandhostiletoconventionalexpectations.7.Thearmiesofreceivedideasaremarshaledagainstit;Thelegionsofallthosewhostandtoprofitbyusefuluntruthswillmarchagainstit.Itwillencountertheresistanceandoppositionofstrongforceoftraditionalideas;Thelargenumberofpeople,whobenefitfromfalseideas/facts,fromlies,willganguptofightagainst/tosuppressthetruth.[alliteration/parallel]8.…novelscanjustoccasionallystillliftthelidonahiddenworldmoreeffectivelythanthefinestreporting.…novelscanstill,fromtimetotime,bringoutsecrets(oractivitieshiddenfromtheordinarypeople)inawaythatismoreforcefulanddevastatingthanthebestnewspaperreport.9.thenewsaboutthenews（1）storiesabouthownewsisgatheredor（2）interpretationofthenews10.Andsuchisthepowerofthefictionthatthefleshandbloodroyalshavebecomemoreandmoreliketheirprintpersonae;unabletoescapethefictionoftheirimaginarylives.Insteadofportrayinginthepresstheactualcharacterofthemembersoftheroyalfamily,thepresshasmovedtocreatecharacters.Asaresult,theroyalmembersbegintobehaveliketheirprintcharacters,nottheotherwayround.11.Inaprofile,thesubjectisneverconfrontedhead-onbut