新视野大学英语第二册课堂笔记3

UnitThreeSectionAMarriageAcrosstheNationsⅠ.AbstractChoosingalife-longpartnercanbeoneofthemostchallengingcommunicationtasksformanypeople.Stayingwiththatpartnerduringsicknessandhealth,inhardtimesandingoodtimes,takesmuchskillandpatiencebeyondtheinitiallovethatbringstwopeopletighter.ThepassagetellsusthatGailsandMarkwhofacetheaddedproblemsthattwodifferentracesbringtoamarriage.Theirracialandculturaldifferencesenhancedtheirrelationshipandtaughtusagreatdealabouttolerance,compromise,andbeingopenwitheachother.GailwasconfusedthereasonswhytheBlacksweresoinvolvedwiththeracialissue.FinallyGailunderstoodthattheracialissueproblemwasnotavoidable.Ⅱ.CultureNotes1.InternationalMarriage:Everymarriagerequirescommitment,dedicationandwork.Aninternationalorinterculturalmarriagerequiresevenmoreattentionbecauseofthemanyobstaclesthatacouplefaces.Theobstaclescomefromfamily,friends,personalvalues,expectations,andbureaucraticprocedures.Thekeytoasuccessfulinterculturalmarriageistodevelopunderstandingandpatience.2.Racism:Thebeliefthatraceaccountsfordifferencesinhumancharacterorabilityandthataparticularraceissuperiortoothers.Ⅲ.NewWords1.compromise:n.妥协,折衷vt.vi.(1)和解，对...妥协，折衷处理(2)危及，连累e.g.Wecannotccoommpprroommiisseeonsuchterms.我们不能根据这样的条件和解。e.g.HeaskedmorethanIwaswillingtopay,soweccoommpprroommiisseeddoonnapriceinbetweenthetwo.他的要价超出我愿意付的数额,结果我们达成妥协,商定了一个居中的价格[词组]makeacompromise作出让步；strikecompromise达成妥协becompromisedby被...危害［连累］compromisewithsb.on/oversth.在某方面/就某事同某人妥协compromisesb.'sreputation损害某人的名誉2.subtleadjslight,notobvious,noteasytonotice,understandorexplain难于觉察或描述的；精巧的；巧妙的；诡秘的；狡诈的e.g.Therearesubtledifferencesinmeaningbetweenthesetwowords.这两个词词义有细微的差别。e.g.Prejudicecantakesubtlerformsthanthis.偏见可能表现得比这更隐晦。3.mutual.adj1)sharedbytwoormorepeople共有的，共同的;2)feltordonebyeachtotheother相互的e.g.Theirworkingtogetherwasbasedonmutualrespect,trustandunderstanding..他们的合作是建立在相互尊重、信任和理解的基础上的。e.g.LynnandPhilmetthoughamutualfriend.林恩和菲尔是通过共同的朋友的。[词组]mutualaid互助；mutualbenefit互利bymutualconsent双方同意；mutualaffection相爱mutualrespect相互之间的尊敬mutualpreferentialduties互惠关税mutualinterests共同的利益4.compatibleadj(1)适宜的;(2)符合的;(3)能共的;(4)相容的,与...不矛盾的，一致的（with），谐调的e.g.Accuracyisnotalwayscompatiblewithhaste.忙中难免出错。e.g.Healthandhardworkarecompatible.健康与努力工作是一致的。[搭配]becompatiblewith与...相适应，不矛盾，一致，相似5.overlookvt(1)haveorgiveaviewofaplacefromabove眺望;俯视；(2)failtonoticeorrealizehowimportantsthis漏看，没注意到;忽略(3)forgive,pretendnottonotice不予注意;宽恕;放任;宽容(4)耸出,高过..(5)检查,监督;指导,照顾(6)用目光迷住,看得...心慌意乱e.g.Youhaveoverlookseveralofthemistakesinthiswork..你忽略了这工作中的几个错误。e.g.We’lloverlookyourbadbehaviorthistime,butdon’tdoitagain.这一次我们不计较你的错误行为，但是切勿再犯了。[搭配]overlookavalleyfromahill从山上俯视山谷overlooktheaccounts检查帐目overlookafault宽容过失[辨析]overlook,ignore,neglect都有“忽视，忽略”之意1.overlook通常指由于匆忙或没注意到忽视e.g.Don’toverlooktheslowstudents.2.ignore指装着不知道或没有看见而不加理睬。e.g.It’ssometimesbesttoignorearudeperson.3.neglect指粗心大意，未给某人或某事应有的或足够的重视，也可指有意地或无意地忽视所做的工作、应负的职责等。e.g.He’sbeenneglectinghisbillsformonths.6.divorcen(1)离婚;(2)分离;断绝(亲系等)v.(1)离婚;(2)使离婚;使脱离;使脱节;使断绝亲系e.g.Themarriageendedindivorce.他们的婚姻以离婚告终。e.g.Shegotadivorcefromhimlastyear.e.g.Thejudgedivorcedtheyoungcouple.法官判决这对青年夫妻离婚。e.g.Itisdifficulttodivorcepoliticalaffairsfromsport.[词组]bedivorcedfrom与...离婚；与...脱离,与...分开divorceoneselffrom与...离婚；脱离,与...分开7.counsel[U]n.劝告,忠告vt.劝告,忠告(advise);辅导，提供咨询(giveadviceandsupportto)e.g.Theycounseledpatience(caution).他们建议要耐心(谨慎)。e.g.Theschoolisnowprovidingaservicetocounselstudentswithdrugproblems.学校向有吸毒问题的学生提供咨询服务e.g.Shecounseledthemnottoaccepthisexplanation.她建议他们不要接受他的解释[词组]legalcounsel法律顾问onadviceofcounsel根据律师的意见[搭配]take/holdcounseltogether协商takesb.intoone'scounsel和某人商量takecounselwithoneself仔细考虑,共同商量takesb.intoone'scounsel和某人商量takecounselofone'spillow整夜考虑take/holdcounselwithsb.征求某人意见[辨析]counselsb.togoatonce(当面)劝某人立刻去counselsb.'sgoingatonce(不当着某人的面)建议某人立刻去8.harbor:vvt.隐匿；窝藏；庇护；心怀，怀有n.海港，港口e.g.Heharboredasecrethatredagainsthisfather.他对他的父亲暗怀憎恨。e.g.Thegirlstillharborstheideaofgoingabroad.那女孩依然抱着出国的念头。e.g.Foryearsheharboredasecretwishtobecomeapainter.多年来他暗暗希望自己能成为一名画家。9.confirmvt.证实；确定；证明e.g.X-rayshaveconfirmedthathehasnotbrokenanybones.X光检查证明他没有任何骨折。e.g.I’dliketoconfirmareservationforadoubleroomonthefirstofJuly.我想确认一下预定7月1日一间双人房间。[辨析]confirm,substantiate,corroborate都含“证明或证实...是真实的或准确的”1.confirm指“用事实或证据来进一步证实或证明...是真实的”e.g.confirmarumour证实谣言2.substantiate指“列举事实以证实某一主张是有效的”e.g.Theslanderercannotsubstantiatehistale.那个诽谤者不能证实他的谎言。3.corroborate指“以陈述新事实或证据来证明...是真实的”e.g.Thewitnesscorroboratedherversionoftheevent.证人证实了她对那事件的看法。10.harshadj.粗糙的,荒芜的,苛刻的,刺耳的,刺目e.g.Hisfamilywouldn’tsurvivetheharshwinter.他一家人将无法熬过这个冬天。e.g.Idon’tlikethecolorofthatdress;it’stooharsh.我不喜那件衣服的颜色，太刺眼了。[搭配]aharshvoice刺耳的声音harshweather令人难受的天气harshtotheear刺耳的harshterms苛刻的条件aharshcloth粗布aharshman一个无情的人11.proceedvi.继续下去,着手e.g.Assoonashecamein,heproceededtotellisallhistroubles.他一进来就把所有的烦恼全告诉了我们。e.g.Theinterviewproceededinamostfriendlyenvironment.会见是在极其友好的气氛中进行的[词组]proceedfrom来自,发生于出于,proceedagainst对(某人)依法起诉;向法庭控告(某人、某企业等)proceedon/upon按照...行事,遵照...进行proceedto向...进发;进入(下一个议程项目);改读[获取]学位[