实用外贸英语函电

实用外贸英语函电PracticalEnglishforForeignTradeCommunication从信封到附言的外贸函电写作指导英文书信和中文书信的写作有那些不同呢?信封(Envelop)与中文信封相反，英文信封上收信人的地址和姓名写在信封的中间，发信人的地址和姓名写在信封的左上角，或信封背面。地址英文书信的地址应从小写到大，先写门牌号码，再写街道、城镇、省或州及邮政编码，最后是国家名称。国家名称的每一个字母都要大写。UnitTwoTheStructureandLayoutofaBusinessEnglishLetter商务英语书信格式1、TheStructureofaBusinessLetter(书信结构)Abusinessletterconsistofthefollowingparts：信头/个人信头(Letterhead/PersonalLetterhead)公司信纸上一般都印有其名称、地址和联系号码，这就是通常所说的信头。在没有信头的普通信纸上写信，作者就需要写明回邮地址和联系号码。号码。1)Letterhead(信头)thewriter’scompanyPrintedletterheadisprintedinthecenterorontheleftmarginatthetopofthepageWhenwritingonblankpaper,onlyadressshouldbeattherightmargin.1）Letterhead(信头)e.g.WeavewellWoolenCo.Ltd246VictoriaStreetLondonE.C.4,EnglandTel.01-1377-432Telex:9876548Cableadd:WEAVEWELL,London1）Letterhead(信头)e.g.TheEasternSeaboardCorporation324ParkAvenueNewYork,NewYork10017Tel.[phone]Cableadd:EASTSEATelex:2227112）ReferenceNumber(发文编号)Itisoftenplacedtwolinesbelowthetheletterhead.Insomeincominglettersyoumayfinditattheendofletterontheleftmargin,twolinesbelowthesignature.Itmayincludeafilenumber,departmentalcodeorinitialsofthesignerofthelettertobefollowedbythetypist’sinitialsinthefollowingfashions:2）ReferenceNumber(发文编号)e.g.A.Ourref:234GW/gp(inanincomingletter)B.Yourref:234GW/gpOurref456JS/lb(inthereplytotheincomingletter)3)Date(日期)Thepostionofthedatebelowtheletterhead(eitherontherightorontheleft)dependsonthestyleyoudecidetouse.Differentwaysofwritingthedate:August3,2002—Americanform3rdAugust,2002—BritishformEasytocausesomeconfusionlike3/8/2002or8/3/2002,soyou’dbetternotabbreviatethenameofthemonth封内日期(DateLine)封内日期是写信或打字时的日期。封内日期写在信头或作者地址的下两行。4）InsideNameandAddress(封内名称和地址)Thenameandadressofthereceiveristypedattheleft-handmarginatleasttwolinesbelowthedate.Itappearsexactlythesamewayasontheenvelope,insinglespacing,withthetownincapitalletters.Whenthereceiverisacopmpany,theinsidenameandaddressshouldbewrittenasthefollowing:4）InsideNameandAddress(封内名称和地址)e.g.(1)TheSpaceEngineeringCo.Ltd.32,DuckStreetLONDONN.W.4England(2)Messrs.Harrison&Co.501MountainPlaceANYTOWN4）InsideNameandAddress(封内名称和地址)Whenthereceiverisanindividialinacompany,person’snameshouldbeprecededbycourtesytitleMrMessrsMrsMissMsHeorhisposition–director,manager,etc.somentimesisalsogiven:e.g.Ms.SarahDavisSalesManagerTheAcmeShoeCo.Ltd.369PiccadillyLONDON,WINCBEUKIftheletterisaddressedtothecompanybutdirectedtotheattentionofanindividual,theinsideadressiswritten:e.g.RichardThoms&BaldwinsLtd.150GowerStreetLONDONW.1.EnglandATTN:Mr.JohnSmith.TheSalesManager(ATTN=ATTENTION=Fortheattentionof)4）InsideNameandAddress(封内名称和地址)封内地址(InsideAddress)封内地址是收信人的地址，包括姓名，职务(如适用)，公司名称(如适用)，街道名称或信箱号，城市，州或省，邮政编码和国家。封内地址通常写在左手边，在日期线和称呼之间。5)TheSalutation(称呼)ThesalutationandthecomplimentarymustalwaysbeinkeepingThepaticularformuseddepengsonthewriter’srelationshipwiththereceiver.Dearsir(DearMadam)isusedforaddressingoneperson,andDearSirsorGentlemen(orMesdames)foraddressingtwoormore,aswherealetterisaddressedtoacopmany.5)TheSalutation(称呼)Thesalutationappearsonalinebyitself.Threeline-spacingsbelowtheinsidenameandadress,andfollowedbyacommaforDearSirsandacolonforGentlemen.称呼(Salutation)称呼(Salutation)称呼是一封信开头对收信人的称呼，写在封内地址或提示句下两三行。称呼后可以写冒号或逗号。在商业信函或其他正式书信中，用冒号。在非正式书信中，称呼后用逗号。(注意：尽量避免使用“ToWhomItMayConcern”或“DearSirorMadam”,因为这种称呼已经过时，并且不很友好。改进方法是争取确定收信人的姓名，或使用“DearHumanResourcesManager”，“DearFriends”这样的称呼。在给律师或外交领事写信时，可以使用“Esquire”或“Esq.”这样的头衔，但它们不应出现在称呼中。同样，如果收信人的姓名后面有“Jr.”或“Sr.”，如“GeorgeBush,Jr.”也不能把它们包含在称呼中。)头衔(Titles)除非写信人与收信人熟到可以直呼其名，通常要在收信人名字前加上“Mr.”，“Professor”等表示礼貌的头衔。6）theSubjectLine(事由标题)TwolinesbelowthesalutationEitherattheleftmarginorinthecenterIthelpsthereadertoobtainquicklythegistoftheletter.Beaslousefulasaguideforfiling.e.g.(1)Re:SewingMachines(2)Subject:OurcontractNo.2345.YourL/CNo.3456;(3)SewingMachines.提示句(选择性)AttentionLine(optional提示句(选择性)AttentionLine(optional)提示句的用途是指明把信送给某个具体的人或部门处理，尽管信是写给这个组织的。另外，在指明的收信人不在时，它也允许组织中其他人查看信的内容。提示句通常写在封内地址的下两行或封内地址的上面。主题句(选择性)SubjectLine(optional)主题句(选择性)SubjectLine(optional)主题句简要说明信的内容。通常写在封内地址和称呼之间。如果写信人不知道收信人的姓名，也可以用主题句代替称呼。为了收到最佳效果，可以给主题句加下划线，或大写主题句。7)TheBodyoftheLetter(信的正文)Thebodyofabusinesslettershouldbegintwolinesbelowthesubjectline.Thereisone,atleasttwolinesbelowthesalutationifthereisnosubjectline.Itcontains:Theopeningsentence(开头语)TheactualmesseageoftheletterTheclosingsentence(结束语)8）theComplimentaryClose(结尾敬语)Itisplacedtwoorfourlinesbelowthelastlineofthebodyoftheletter.Itshouldmatchthesalutation.信尾问候语(ComplimentaryClosing)信尾问候语是写在信尾的告别话语，例如“Sincerely”，“Sincerelyyours”。通常位于正文两三行以下。第一个单词的第一个字母要大写，最后以逗号结尾。8）theComplimentaryClose(结尾敬语)SalutationCloseCommentDearSir(s),DearMadam,DearMesdamesYoursfaithfully(or:Faithfullyyours)Formal—verycommonlyusedinBritainGentimen:DearSir,DearMadam,DearMesdamesYourstruly(or:Trulyyours)VerycommonlyusedinAmericaandCanadaDearMr.Henry,(:)Yourssincerely(or:Sincerelyyours)Informal—usedbetweenpersonsknowntoeachother9)TheSignature(签名)Alettershouldbesignedbyhand,andinink,andfollowedbytheperson’snametypedsothatthena