地下车库通风课程设计

设设计计计计算算说说明明书书课程名称：工业通风设计题目：学校：专业班级：暖通学号：指导教师：设计时间：目录摘要················································································································31．工程概况及设计原始资料、设计依据·································································41．1工程概况·······························································································41．2设计原始资料及设计依据··········································································42．车库通风系统概述··························································································42．1气象参数·······························································································42．2车库设计参数确定···················································································52．3车库通风、排烟系统概述··········································································53．车库通风系统、排烟系统风量计算····································································63．1车库的防烟分区与防烟分区划分·································································63．2送风量与排风量计算················································································73．3排烟量计算····························································································94．车库通风系统、排烟系统设计·········································································104．1车库通风方法概述·················································································104．2风口设计与气流组织··············································································104．3风管设计计算························································································114．4车库的热负荷设计·················································································145．主要设备选型······························································································155．1关于排风与排烟系统的合用·····································································155．2风机的选型计算····················································································17结论··············································································································21致谢··············································································································21摘要本次课程设计是西安市某地下停车库的通风设计。位于北纬34°18′；东经108°56′；海拔：396.9m。如何解决好地下车库的通风和防排烟问题是地下停车库设计中的一个重要问题。要求设计既满足平时通风要求，排除汽车尾气和汽油蒸汽，送入新鲜空气；又要满足火灾时的排烟要求。在本设计中，充分考虑排风，排烟，保暖等条件。在保证满足设计要求的前提下，尽量使系统安装简单，造价低廉，性能可靠，维护方便。关键字：西安，通风地下停车库课程设计（论文）题目：西安市某地下停车库通风设计专业班级学生课程设计要求及原始数据（资料）：1、课程设计要求（1）严格遵守课程设计进度安排，保证辅导答疑时的出勤率（2）课程设计必须按时独立完成，提交课程设计资料符合要求（3）对所借阅资料应妥善保管，不得遗失2、原始数据（资料）（1）气象资料该建筑位于西安市，根据现行《采暖通风与空气调节设计规范GB50019-2005》查出下列资料：经度：东经108°56′；纬度：北纬34°18′；海拔：396.9m。夏季气象参数：夏季通风室外干球温度：31℃；夏季通风湿球温度：26.6℃；夏季通风室外计算风速：2.2m/s；夏季主导风向：SSE；夏季通风室外大气压：959.2hPa冬季气象参数：冬季通风室外计算温度：-1℃；冬季通风室外计算相对湿度：67%；冬季通风室外计算风速：1.8m/s；冬季主导风向：NNW；冬季通风室外大气压：978.7hPa（2）土建资料建筑图一套（3）车库设计参数根据车库等级、规模，参照有关资料确定。车库设计计算分度温度：依据《汽车库建筑设计规范JGJ100-1998》，可查得：停车间：5~10℃；汽车保修间：12~15℃；管理办公室、值班室、卫生间：18~20℃；有害物浓度：依据《工业企业设计卫生标准GBZ1-2002》和《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值GBZ2-2002》之规定，查得：各种污染物允许浓度为：CO：30mg/m3课程设计主要内容：（1）汽车库防火分区与防烟分区划分（2）汽车库通风和防排烟系统方案确定（3）汽车库排风量与送风量计算（4）汽车库排烟量计算（5）风口布置与气流组织设计（6）绘制施工图（7）整理设计说明书学生应提交的设计文件：（1）设计说明书1份（严格按照撰写要求）（2）施工图1套（包括电子版及硫酸纸图）主要参考文献（资料）：1陆亚俊等.暖通空调.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2002.2马最良姚杨.民用建筑空调设计.第二版.北京：化学工业出版社，20093《公共建筑节能设计标准GB50189-2005》4《采暖通风与空气调节设计规范GB50019-2003》5《高层民用建筑设计防火规范2005年版GB50045-95》6《工业企业设计卫生标准GBZ1-2002》7《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值GBZ2-2002》8《汽车库、修车库、停车场设计防火规范》GB50067-979《暖通空调制图标准GB/T50114-2001》10《汽车库建筑设计规范JGJ100-98》11产品样本及相关资料等要求设计（论文）工作起止日期指导教师签字日期教研室主任审查签字日期系主任批准签字日期第一章设计概况1.1建筑物概况该工程系为某地下车库通风的设计，该地下车库层高3.85m，车库所用的面积为3695.55㎡1.2系统方案的划分确定本工程不设自动喷水灭火系统，因此该地下车库分为一个防火分区，防火分区一的建筑面积为3387.6㎡，根据相关规定，设有机械排烟地下车库，防烟分区的建筑面积不超过2000㎡，故地下车库分个防烟分区，每个防烟分区的建筑面积不超过2000平米。防火分区防烟分区面积（㎡）层高（m）体积（m³）防火分区防烟分区六1847.2735541.81防烟分区五1848.2835544.84第二章送排风与排烟的计算2.1排风量的确定目前确定地下汽车库排风量的方法，大体上可分为二类，一类是按换气次数估算，另一类则是按全面通风换气量进行计算。属于第一类的按换气次数估算的代表性的参考1，“一般排风量不少于6次/时，送风量不少于5次/时，地下汽车库排气分上、下两部分，下部排出三分之二，上部排出三分之一”。此处未区别不同情况，用统一的换气次数估算。参考2中指出：“汽车库单层设计时，可按换气次数计算，当层高H3m时，按3m计算体积，当层高H3m时，按实际高度计算车库体积。汽车出入频度较大时，排气量按6次/时计算；出入频度一般时，排气量按5次/时计算；出入频度较小时，排气理按4次/时计算。”按汽车出入频度的不同给出不同的换气次数（不同的排气量）更合理一些。另一类是按将有害物冲淡到卫生标准所需的全面通风托儿所量来确定.汽车尾气的主要有害为CO、NOX及少量汽油及热量。以CO及NOX为主。因CO及NOX对人体的作用不同，其全面通风换气量（即排气量）应分别计算稀释CO及NOX所需的换气量，然后取大值。表1列出了各种轻型汽车实测的CO及NOX平均浓度值。由此可以看出进口车实测的NOX排放浓度为最高允许浓度（5mg/m3）的2倍，而CO的排放浓度为最高允许浓度（按mg/m3）的456～500倍。显然按CO计算的出的全面通风换气量完全可以将NOX稀释到卫生标准规定的浓度。因而以CO作为计算换气的标准是合理的。众所周知，全面通风换气量（L）的计算公式为：（m3/时）式中：G——地下汽车库CO散发量（mg/h）；C——地下汽车库CO最高允许浓度（mg/m3）CO——送风中CO浓度（g/m3）关于CO最高允许浓度的取值。我国卫生标准规定为30mg/m3，但作业时间短暂时可以放宽，计算中取值C=200mg/m3送风中CO浓度取值为CO=2.5～3.5mg/m3CO散发量G的计算（mg/时）（2）式中：Qi——i类汽车排出气体总量（m3/时台）；Ci——i类汽车排放CO平均温度（mg/m3）。考虑到为使数据一致，应对Qi计算进行温度修正，此时：m3/时）（3）汽车总排气量为：（m3/时）（4）上二式中：T1——汽车排气温度（K）（国产车T1=823K，进口车T1=773K）；T2——地下车库常温（K），一般T2=293KW——汽车库停车总车位数，即额定停车数（台）；S——汽车出入频度，计算取值S=1.2～1.5（5）Bi——i类汽车单位时间的排气量（升/分·台）；Di——i类汽车占停车总数的百分比（%）；T——每辆车在车库内发动机工作时间（分）,取t=6分钟将式（3）代入式（2），式（2）代入式（1）则得：代入该地下车库参数，以全部为国产轿车为例：防火分区面积T2/T1=0.35601汽车出入频率S=1.3停车位WB时间t总排气量Q(m³)G（㎎/h）c-c。排放co的平均浓度度S通风量L(m³/h)第六防烟分区530.52660.077414864970.65333197642081.3