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名词性从句是重要的语法项目之一,也是写作中常用的高级表达之一。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、名词性从句的关联词了解并正确使用关联词是写好名词性从句的关键。引导名词性从句的关联词的分类、词义和用法见下表:类别词义在从句中的作用连接词that无任何词义仅起连接作用,不作成分连接词whether,if是否起连接作用,不作成分连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever有各自含义引导从句,并在从句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语连接副词how,when,why,where,however,whenever,wherever有各自含义引导从句,在从句中作状语Thathedidn'tpasstheexaminationdisappointedhismother.他没有通过考试令他的妈妈很失望。(主语从句,that没有意义,在从句中不充当任何成分)Thequestioniswhowillbeelectedpresidentofthecountry.问题是谁会被选举为该国的总统。(表语从句,who意为“谁”,在从句中作主语)Youcangiveittowhomeveryoulike.你可以把它送给你喜欢的任何人。(宾语从句,whomever意为“任何人,无论谁”,在从句中作宾语)Ican'trememberwhereIhavereadthisarticle.我不记得在哪儿读到过这篇文章。(宾语从句,where意为“哪里”,在从句中作状语)Theideathatsciencecanbeusedforgoodaswellasforbadistosomeextentdangerous.科学的运用有有利的方面也有不利的方面,这种想法从某种程度上说是危险的。(同位语从句,that没有意义,在从句中不充当任何成分)二、it作形式主语或形式宾语的高级句型1.it作形式主语的常用句型(1)It+系动词+形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)+that从句(2)It+be+名词(短语)(apity/ashame/nowonder等)+that从句(3)It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句(4)It+特殊动词(seems,appears,happens,matters)+that从句(5)Itdoesn'tmatterwho/whether/if等从句Itisnecessarythatyouinformhimofthedateofthemeetingatonce.你立即通知他开会时间是必要的。(it是形式主语,that从句是真正的主语)Itissaidthatheusedtobeamanagerofabigcompany.据说他曾经是大公司的经理。(it是形式主语,that从句是真正的主语)Itdoesn'tmatterwhetherhecomestomypartyornot.他来不来参加我的聚会无关紧要。(it是形式主语,whether引导的从句是真正的主语)2.it作形式宾语的常用句型(1)动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe,guess,suppose,assume等后有宾语补足语时,则需要用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。(2)有些动词带宾语从句时,需要在宾语从句前加it,这类动词(短语)主要有:hate,like,owe,have,appreciate,seeto等。Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofboiledwatereveryday.我认为我们每天喝大量的开水是必要的。(it是形式宾语,that从句是真正的宾语)Ihateitwhentheytalkwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。(it是形式宾语,when引导的从句是真正的宾语)Ⅰ.将下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句1.Themanagersaidalotatthemeeting.Hiswordswereveryattractive.________________________________________________2.Whendidyouentertheroom?Thepolicewantstoknowit.________________________________________________3.Thisismydecision.Allofusaretostartat6o'clocktomorrowmorning.________________________________________________4.Ourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampionship.Thenewsencouragedusallgreatly._________________________________________________5.WeshouldpractiseoralEnglishforanhoureveryday.Thatwasourrule.________________________________________________答案:1.Whatthemanagersaidatthemeetingwasveryattractive.2.Thepolicewantstoknowwhenyouenteredtheroom.3.Mydecisionisthatallofusaretostartat6o'clocktomorrowmorning.4.Thenewsthatourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampionshipencouragedusallgreatly.5.WemadeitarulethatweshouldpractiseoralEnglishforanhoureveryday.Ⅱ.高考作文单句翻译1.(2012·浙江书面表达)因此,我坚信未来掌控在我们自己的手中。(宾语从句)____________________________________________________________2.(2012·江西书面表达)我最感兴趣的是文学书,尤其是由著名作家写的。(主语从句)______________________________________________________________________Therefore,Ifirmlybelievethatourfutureisinourownhands.Whatinterestsmemostisliterarybooks,especiallythosebyfamouswriters.3.(2012·陕西书面表达)在教师节那天,我们的英语老师李老师一定发现她连一张来自学生的问候卡都没收到,这很奇怪。(宾语从句,it作形式宾语)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.(2012·四川书面表达)我的英语还不错,学习中最主要的两个问题是我感觉记单词难,而且说英语时经常感到紧张。(表语从句)——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Ms.Li,ourEnglishteacher,musthavefounditstrangeonTeachers'Daythatshedidnotreceiveasinglegreetingcardfromusstudents.MyEnglishisjustOKandthetwomainproblemsinmystudyarethatIfeelitdifficulttolearnwordsbyheart,andthatIoftenfeelnervouswhenspeakingEnglish.Ⅲ.根据汉语提示完成短文请按以下内容要点写一篇有关Andy的英语短文,尽可能多地使用名词性从句。1.大家都知道Andy是位有名的作家,但没有人知道她来自何处,而且她是否出生于1961年仍然是个谜;2.大家对她了解的是穷人都喜欢她,因为她总是帮助那些急需钱的人;3.Andy很慷慨而且乐于助人,但有些人认为她想出名;4.Andy说她不明白为什么他们那么心胸狭窄,但别人怎么想对她无所谓,她只是想做自己认为正确的事;5.我认为那就是生命意义之所在。参考范文:EveryoneknewthatAndywasafamouswriter,butnooneknewwhereshecamefromandwhethershewasbornin1961wasstillamystery.Whattheydidknowwasthatshewaslovedbypoorpeoplebecauseshealwayshelpedwhoeverwasinneedofmoney.Andywasgenerousandhelpful,butsomepeoplethoughtshewaschasingfame.Andysaidshedidn'tunderstandwhytheyweresonarrowminded,butitdidn'tmatterwhatotherswouldthinkofher.Shejustwantedtodowhatshethoughtwasright.Ithinkthatiswherethemeaningoflifelies.
本文标题:2014届高考英语(大纲版)第一轮写作专题讲座课件:第六讲 名词性从句的写作(共15张PPT)
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