初中英语动词的语态课件

被动语态PassiveVoice一.何时使用被动语态1.不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要Paperismadefromwood.Hewaswoundedinthefight.2.需要强调动作的承受者时Booksandnewspapersinthereadingroommustn'tbetakenaway.Hewasawardedfirstprizeinthatcontest.3为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使用被动语态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动语态，使句子得以更好的安排。Theconstructionofthenewlabmustbecompletedbytheendofnextmonth.Electricityisusedtorunmachines.Discusion:theactivevoice主动语态&thepassivevoice被动语态1.什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？2.主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？3.主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？语态动词时态结构主动语态被动语态一般现在时一般过去时什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？主语是动作的执行者就用主动语态主语是动作的承受者就用被动语态WestudyEnglishatschool.Englishisstudiedbyusatschool.我们用木头做家具。那只老鼠被猫抓住了相机是用来照相的。Discusion1:theactivevoice主动语态&thepassivevoice被动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态语态动词时态结构theactivevoicethepassivevoice一般现在时一般过去时amis+p.p.arewas+p.p.werevv+sesp.t.Discusion2:theactivevoice主动语态&thepassivevoice被动语态1.Wecallthedoctor.2.Peopledon’tplayfootballhere.3.Thetruckwascleanedyesterday.Decideifthesesentencesareactiveorpassive.4.MrChenteachesusEnglish.5.Theclassroomwascleaned.activeactivepassiveactivepassiveExercise：1.Thekey______forlockingtheclassroomdoor.A.usesB.isusedC.isusingD.use2.Anewschool_______overtheretwoyearsago.A.builtB.wasbuiltC.buildD.builds3.Thelostchild______onOctober7,1998.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.foundD.find4.AtalkonChinesehistory________intheschoolhallyesterday.A.isgivenB.giveC.wasgivenD.gaveBBACDisscusion3:theactivevoice主动语态&thepassivevoice被动语态主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？1.把原句的宾语改为主语。2.把原句的谓语动词改为被动语态结构(be+p.p.)。3.把原句的主语改为by的宾语（用宾格）,可省略。e.g.Shecleanedtheroom.Theroomwascleaned(byher).1.Thehunterkilledthetiger.Thetiger_____________bythehunter.waskilled2.Thenaughtyboybrokethewindow.Thewindow_____________bythenaughtyboy.3.PeoplespeakEnglishallovertheworld.English_____________bypeopleallovertheworld.Exercise：将下列主动句改为被动句wasbrokenisspokenExercise：translatethefollowingsentences1.这些照片是上星期拍的。2.这本书是鲁迅写的。3.史密斯一家被邀请参加了派对。4.长江也叫扬子江。Thesephotosweretakenlastweek.ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.TheSmithswereinvitedtotheparty.TheChangjiangRiverisalsocalledtheYangtezeRiver..。Summary：1.什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？2.主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？3.主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？语态动词时态结构主动语态被动语态一般现在时一般过去时1.Iwashedmyclothesonceaday.Myclotheswaswashed(byme)onceaday.Iwaswashedmyclothesonceaday.X√•2.TheytookJimtothehospital.•3.Tomclosedtheshopjustnow.TheywastookJimtothehospital.Jimwastakentothehospitalbythem.TheshopclosedTomjustnow.Theshopwasclosed(byTom)justnow.XX√√2含有复合宾语的主动句，宾补不变。（1）将宾语变为主语，宾补不变。TheycallherXiaoLi.SheiscalledXiaoLi.（2）make,let,have,hear,watch,see,feel,notice.此类动词后变做宾补的不定式一般不加to,变为被动,必须加to.MybrotheroftenmademedothisandthatwhenIwasyoung.IwasoftenmadetodothisandthatbymybrotherwhenIwasyoung.Iheardhermoveaboutinherroomupstairslastnight.Shewasheardtomoveaboutinherroomuptairslastnight.DidyouseeJacktakeawaythemagazine?WasJackseentotakeawaythemagazine?3.情态动词的被动语态。是由情态V+be+p.p.构成Theycannotfindhim.Hecannotbefound.Youmustpaymeforthis.Imustbepaidforthis.4.有些动词用主动形式表被动含义.Thegoodssellswell.Thedoorcan'topen.5.有些词如want,need,require和beworth后面v-ing形式为主动，意义为被动。Theroomneeds/wants/requirescleaning.Thebookisworthreading.6.主动语态中的宾语是从句，变成被动时使用形式替代词it.WeknowthatBritainisanislandcountry.It'sknownthatBritainisanislandcountry.7.据说类动词：say,consider,think,report,know,believe,suggest,understand,hope,etc.如：Itissaidthat…Thereissaidtobe…Sth./Sb.issaidto…8.主动形式表被动①感官动词：sound,taste,smell,fell,look,seem等主语是物时；②一些vi主动形式表被动含义open,close,shut,read,write,translate,wash,clean,lock,sell,wear,cut,cook,eat,weigh,drink,pay,draw,etc.③不定式toblame,tolet（出租）作表语时，主动形式表被动含义Youaretoblame.Thehouseistolet.④表（sth）需要的need,want,require等后的动名词用主动形式表被动含义Thehouseneeds/wants/requirerepairing⑤beworth后的动名词主动形式表被动含义Thebookisworthreading.