基于单片机的排队叫号系统设计

兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）-I-摘要排队叫号系统是针对银行、工商、税务、通讯、政府机构等部门的大厅工作流程设计的，是利用电脑的科学管理客户排队的系统，能够很好地解决客户在服务机构办理业务时所遇到的各种排队、拥挤和混乱现象，为客户办理业务带来莫大的方便和愉悦。本课题研究的是一款无人排队的排队叫号系统，它主要由系统主从机、键盘、显示电路、蜂鸣器电路等部分构成。系统利用AT89C51单片机进行控制，通过串行通信方式传输处理数据；通过按键取号，在LCD1602上显示排队的号码以及当前正在等待的人数；通过按键叫号，在LCD1602上显示叫到的号码，由蜂鸣器发出声音提示客户。这种现代化的高科技产品彻底解决了银行、工商、税务、通讯、政府机构等部门的服务大厅普遍存在的站立等候、服务无序的问题，同时免除了令客户不舒服的站立式排队，深化完善了服务的质量。本系统采用AT89C51单片机进行控制，利用LCD1602显示，蜂鸣器鸣叫提示的人机交互界面，模拟排队管理系统，科学的处理各种排队情况，具有操作简便、控制灵活、显示清晰、制作成本低、性价比较高等特点。关键词：AT89C51；LCD1602；排队；取号；叫号兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）-II-AbstractQueuingsystemisaimedatabank,industrialandcommercial,taxation,telecommunica-tions,governmentagenciesandotherdepartmentsofthehallworkflowdesign,istheuseofcomputerscienceandthemanagementofcustomersqueuingsystem,canbeverygoodtosolvecustomersintheserviceinstitutionforbusinessencounteredbythevariousqueues,jamandconfusedphenomenon,forcustomersforthebusinesshasbroughtgreattheconvenienceandpleasure.Thisresearchisanunmannedqueuingqueuingsystem,whichismainlycomposedofmasterandslavemachinesystem,keyboard,displaycircuit,abuzzercircuitcomponents.ThesystemusesAT89C51MCUcontrol,serialcommunicationthroughtransmissionprocessingdata;throughthekeysandnumber,theLCD1602displaylinenumbersandthecurrentwaitingnumber;throughthebuttoncalled,intheLCD1602displaythecallnumber,thebuzzersoundpromptsthecustomer.Themodernhigh-techproductscompletelysolvetheindustryandcommerce,taxation,banking,telecommunications,governmentagenciesandotherdepartmentsoftheservicehalluniversalstandwaiting,servicethedisorderproblem,atthesametimefromcustomeruncomfortablestandinginline,deepenandperfectthequalityofservice.ThesystemusestheAT89C51microprocessorcontrol,usingLCD1602display,buzzerpromptsthehuman-computerinteractioninterface,simulationofthequeuemanagementsystem,scientificprocessingavarietyofqueuing,andhastheadvantagesofsimpleoperation,flexiblecontrol,cleardisplay,lowproductioncost,highcostperformancecharacteristics.Keywords：AT89C51，LCD1602，Queue，TakeNumber，Called兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）-III-目录摘要...............................................................................................................................IAbstract.................................................................................................................................II1绪论...................................................................................................................................11.1课题背景.................................................................................................................11.2课题研究的目的和意义..........................................................................................21.3课题研究现状.........................................................................................................21.4课题的研究内容与目标..........................................................................................32系统需求分析与整体设计.................................................................................................42.1系统的基本功能和工作原理...................................................................................42.1.1排队系统的基本功能...................................................................................42.1.2工作原理......................................................................................................42.2排队系统工作流程...................................................................................................52.2.1数据处理流程...............................................................................................52.2.2客户工作流程...............................................................................................52.2.3工作人员工作流程.......................................................................................62.3系统整体设计.........................................................................................................62.3.1硬件概要设计...............................................................................................62.3.2软件概要设计...............................................................................................73系统硬件设计....................................................................................................................83.1主要电路设计.........................................................................................................83.1.1主机部分电路...............................................................................................83.1.2从机部分电路...............................................................................................83.2功能部分电路设计..................................................................................................93.2.1单片机最小系统电路...................................................................................93.2.21602液晶显示电路.....................................................................................113.2.3按键部分电路.............................................................................................123.2.4蜂鸣器电路.................................................................................................133.2.5TXD串行发送和R