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(一)独立主格结构的构成:名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词;名词(代词)+形容词;名词(代词)+副词;名词(代词)+不定式;名词(代词)+介词短语构成。(二)独立主格结构的特点:1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词等是主谓关系。3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。2.Thepresidentassassinated,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.=Afterthepresidentwasassassinated,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.1.Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday.=Whenthetestwasfinished,webeganourholiday.3.Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.4.Thisdone,wewenthome.5.Themeetinggoneover,everyonetiredtogohomeearlier.6.Hecameintotheroom,hisearsredwithcold.7.Hecameoutofthelibrary,alargebookunderhisarm.表伴随时,既可用分词的独立结构,也可用with复合结构。with+名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied.Hestoodthere,hishandraised.=Hestoodthere,withhishandraise.独立主格结构使用介词的问题:当介词是in时,其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(如物主代词或冠词),也不用复数。但with的复合结构不受此限制。Arobberburstintotheroom,knifeinhand.(hand前不能加his)2)当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时,不及物动词用现在分词,及物动词用过去分词。Helaythere,histeethset,hishandclenched,hiseyeslookingstraightup.Weather___,we'llgooutforawalk.A.permittedB.permittingC.permitsD.forpermitting本题中没有连词,它不是复合句,也不是并列句。句中使用了逗号,且we小写,可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断,本句中使用的是独立结构,其结构为:名词+分词。由于permit在这里翻译为‘天气允许’,表主动,用现在分词,故选B。如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式,不妨将句子改为条件句,例如本句改为Ifweatherpermits,we'llgooutforawalk.然后将if去掉,再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。1.____,wewenthome.A.OurhomeworkfinishedB.OurhomeworkhavingbeenfinishedC.OurhomeworkfinishingD.Ourhomeworkbeenfinished2.Themeeting____,hewentbacktohiscompany.A.overB.beenoverC.wasoverD.havebeenover3.Time____,weshallvisitthezoo.A.beenpermittingB.permittingC.permittedD.havingbeenpermitted4.____,heputonhiscoat.A.ItbeingcoldB.ItcoldC.BeingcoldD.Ithavingbeencold5.Helefttheroom____.A.withthedoorclosingB.withthedoorclosedC.withthedoorbeingclosed
本文标题:独立主格结构课件2
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