三维原子探针应用(Application-of-Atom-Probe-Tomography-for-

AUSTRALIANCENTREFORMICROSCOPY&MICROANALYSISAPPLICATIONOFATOMPRO[e-mail](Aerospace,NuclearPowerPlant,Buildingsetc)•MetalsandAlloys•Alalloys,Mgalloys,Tialloys,steels,Ni-basedsuperalloys-clusteringandprecipitation-compositionalanalysis•Spinodalalloys•Nanocrystallinematerials•CeramicCompositesAPPLICATIONSOFAPTAPPLICATIONSOFAPTFunctionmaterials•Semiconductors•Dopantdistributionandconcentration•Magneticstoragematerials•Multi-layerthinfilmstacksCoFe(3nm)CoFe(3nm)PtMn(15nm)CoFe(3nm)PtMn(15nm)CoFe(3nm)Cap:NIFe(60nm)SiliconSubstrateRepeat7xCoPtNiGaPtMn(15nm)STRUCTURALFEATURES:PRECIPITATES/SOLUTENANOSTRUCTURES(AA6111)MICROSTRUCTURALFEATURES:DISLOCATIONS(AA2024)MICROSTRUCTURALFEATURES:GRAINBOUNDARIES(NANOSTRUCTURESOFMATERIALS)LEAP3000XSIAdvantages:1.Fastdataacquisition:detectedareaover80x80nm2.Analysedvolume:~100Millionsions3.Lowdensityfeatureswithgoodstatistics:precipitatesof100nmapart,dislocationsandgrainboundaryDCvoltage:2.5-14kVSpecimentemperature:20KVoltagepulsing:20%ofDCvoltageLaserpulsing:0.1-1nJwithafrequencyof200kHzyxLocalelectrodeDetector10nmTypicalmassspectrumand3-Dreconstructionmap•Signal/noiseratio=100,000:1PRECIPITATESELECTIONdL1.Definesoluteatoms2.Selectsoluteatomswithindistanced.3.IgnoreclustersofsizelessthanNmin.4.SelectmatrixatomswithindistanceL.ClusteridentificationusingZn,MgandCuwithNmin=10atoms,d=0.5nmandL=0.5nm.CASESTUDYI:AA2024ObjectivesUnderstandingfundamentalscienceofcurrentAltechnologytodevelopnewadvancedAlalloys.10RapidHardeningAl-1.1Cu-xMg(at.%)40%70%R.K.W.Marceauetal.,Actamater2010,58:4923-39.11Cu-MgClusters(Experimental-Random)12R.K.W.Marceauetal.,Actamater2010,58:4923-39.Compositionspaceof2xxxAlAlloysByonlychangingSilevelorevenTi/Zrlevel,newalloyshavebeendevelopedfrompre-existingalloyshavingthesameMgandCucompositionsasthenewalloys!AA2024AA202414AlMgCuSiMnVZnTiFeCrwt%92.991.34.30.110.620.030.180.020.220.01at95.991.491.880.110.310.020.080.010.110.01•Strengtheningcomponents•Partitioningandsegregationofsolutes•GrowthmechanismsofGPBandSGShaetal,ActaMater.2011,59:1659-70.901001101201301401501600.00010.0010.010.11101001000Agingtime(hr)Vickershardness(load-5kg)30min80h114h170CNANOSTRUCTUREOFAA2024AGEDFOR0.5HAT170°C1520nmMgGShaetal,ActaMater.2011,59:1659-70.20nm024681012140510152025Distance,nmSoluteconcentration,at%Mg%Cu%Si%00.20.40.60.811.21.41.60510152025Distance,nmSolutecncentration,at%Ti%V%Zn%Si%GBGBCuMgSiCHEMISTRYOFNANO-STRUCTURESINAA2024@170C,0.5H16AlMgCuSiZnVMg/CuDislocations85.190.187.400.136.550.130.670.040.150.020.020.011.130.04GB85.830.134.680.088.580.110.590.030.220.020.090.010.550.01Clusters,10-20atoms91.520.154.300.033.840.030.220.010.100.010.010.0051.120.02Clusters,20-50atoms91.150.214.570.053.920.050.250.010.090.010.010.0051.170.02Clusters,50-100atoms90.470.514.870.124.240.110.300.030.100.020.02+0.011.150.05alloy96.570.011.570.011.630.010.10.0050.10.0050.020.010.970.01matrix96.850.031.430.011.530.010.090.0050.10.0050.020.010.930.02NANOSTRUCTUREOFAA2024@170C,80H17MgSiAA2024AGEDAT170°CFOR80H180102030405060708090100051015202530Distance,nmConcentration,at%Mg%Al%Si%Cu%00.20.40.60.811.2051015202530Distance,nmConcentration,at%Si%V%Zn%4nm4nm10nmSiSiMgCuS1S1S1NANOSTRUCTUREOFAA2024@170C,80HS-Al2CuMgSpatialdistributionofprecipitates1910nmSmallGPBGPBclusterclusterSmallGPBGPB10nmGrowthofaGPBzonerodGrowthofaS-phaseparticleclusterSphaseSmallGPBCHEMICALCOMPOSITIONSOFCLUSTERSANDPRECIPITATES0246810121416matrix10-2020-5050-100100-200200-500500-10001000high-SirodSphaseConcentration,at%MgCu00.511.522.5matrix10-2020-5050-100100-200200-500500-10001000high-SirodSphaseConcentration,at%SiZnclustersGPBzonesSphase00.20.40.60.811.21.41.6matrix10-2020-5050-100100-200200-500500-10001000high-SirodSphaseMg/CuratioMg/Cu20CoalescenceofS-Phaseparticles@170°C,114h21Coarsening/growthofS-phaseparticlesMgMgCuSiZn20nm21S:Al50at%,Cu15%andMg15%Al2MgCu(Al,Cu,Si)6Mn:74at%Al;15.5%Mn,9%Cu1.5at%SiHETEROGENEOUSNUCLEATIONOFS-PHASEPARTICLESONMN-RICHPARTICLEINAA2024AGEDAT170CFOR114H22(Al,Cu,Si)6MnAl2MgCu•APTisapowerfultooltounderstandthesegregationandpartitioningofsolutesinAlalloys.•QuantitativestructuralandchemicalinformationunveiledbyAPTanalysisallowsustoaddressnucleationandgrowthofsolutenanostructuresinthealloy.GSha,R.K.W.Marceau,X.Gao,B.C.MuddleandS.P.Ringer,ActaMater.2011,59:1659-70.23SUMMARYICASESTUDYII:AL-7SI-0.6MGALLOYF35724AimsUnderstandingtheeffectofpre-naturalageingtreatmentonage-hardeningresponseandsolutenanostructureformationofSSM-HPDCcastAl-7Si-0.6Mgalloy(F357)50607080901001101201301401500110100tat180oC(h)VHN0hpre-NA0hpre-NA:Alpha0hpre-NA:Eutectic120hpre-NA120hpre-NA:Alpha120hpre-NA:EutecticG.Sha,HMoller,W.Stumpf,JHXia,GGovender,S.P.Ringer,ActaMaterialia60(2012)692-701F357EXPERIENCED120HNATURALPRE-AGEING25180oC,10minutes180oCfor0min–T41h4hWITH120HNATURALPRE-AGEINGF357WITHOUTNATURALPRE-AGEING26180oCfor1h180oCfor4h10minsWITHOUTANATURALPRE-AGEINGMGATOMMAPSOFTHEALLOYEXPERIENCED12