珠江三角洲机动车挥发性有机物排放化学成分谱研究-区家敏

34420144ActaScientiaeCircumstantiaeVol．34No．4Apr．2014-No．U1033001BNo．XDB05020303No．41325020SupportedbytheNSFC-GDJointFoundationoftheKeyProjectsNo．U1033001theStrategicTechnicalProjectBonHazePollutionControlofChineseAcademyofSciencesNo．XDB05020303andtheNationalDistinguishedYongScholarScienceFundofNSFCNo．413250201988—[e-mail]*[e-mail]1988—[e-mail]*[e-mail]10．13671/j．hjkxxb．2014．0614．2014．J．344826-834OuJMFengXQLiuYCetal．2014．SourcecharacteristicsofVOCsemissionsfromvehicularexhaustinthePearlＲiverDeltaregionJ．ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae344826-834113111221*1．5100062．5106403．6100412014-01-092014-02-052014-02-05VOCs、、LPGVOCs59．、VOCs54．5%、54．6%．．、、、、、1-41．2%．LPG、、124-、123-．、．VOCs0253-2468201404-826-09X511ASourcecharacteristicsofVOCsemissionsfromvehicularexhaustinthePearlＲiverDeltaregionOUJiamin1FENGXiaoqiong13LIUYucong1GAOZongjiang1YANGYang1ZHANGZhou2WANGXinming2ZHENGJunyu1*1．CollegeofEnvironment＆EnergySouthChinaUniversityofTechnologyGuangzhou5100062．GuangzhouInstituteofGeochemistryChineseAcademyofSciencesGuangzhou5106403．SichuanＲesearchInstituteofEnvironmentalProtectionChengdu610041Ｒeceived9January2014receivedinrevisedform5February2014accepted5February2014AbstractBaseduponVOCsemissioncontributionsfromon-roadmobilesourcesinthePearlＲiverDeltaPＲDlight-dutygasoline-fueledvehiclesLDGVlight-dutydiesel-fueledvehiclesLDDVliquefiedpetroleumgasLPG-fueledtaxisandmotorcycleswerechosentodevelopVOCsemissionsourceprofilesincluding59PAMscompoundsbyusingchassisdynamometerandroadmeasurements．VOCscompositionsofLDGVandmotorcyclesweresimilarfeaturinghighpercentagesofaromaticsandalkanes．BenzenetolueneethylbenzenexylenesandtrimethylbenzeneBTEXi-pentaneandacetylenemadeup54．5%ofdetectedVOCsinLDGVexhaustswhileBTEXi-pentaneandethylenewereresponsiblefor41．2%compositionsinmotorcycleexhaust．ForLDDVexhaustpercentageofalkaneswasthehighestfollowedbyaromaticsandalkenes．Inadditiontobenzeneandtoluenen-undecanen-dodecanen-decaneethylenepropyleneand1-butenewerealsoabundantindiesel-fueledvehicularexhaust．LPGvehicularexhaustwerecharacterizedbypropaneandi/n-butaneaswellas124＆123-trimethylbenzeneandtoluene．Comparedtosimilarstudiesdifferencesinvehicleemissionsourceprofilesstillexistduetodifferencesinfuelqualityandemissionstandardsandinconsistenceinsourcesamplingandchemicalanalyticalstandards．Ｒegulationsandguidelinesonemissionsourcesamplingandchemicalanalysisareneededinfuturevehicleemissionsourceprofilestudies．4KeywordsmotorvehiclesVOCsemissionssourceprofilesPＲDregion1IntroductionPM2．5O3．2012PM2．5O32013a．20131022．2%O3PM2．583．9%2013b．2006—2012、PM10O32013．1994—20070.58ppbv·a－1Wangetal．2009．．10SO2PM10VOCs．VOCsLuetal．2013．35%～40%VOCs2013VOCsYuanetal．2012．VOCs．VOCsZhengetal．2009．VOCsVOCs．VOCs、．．VOCsLiuetal．2008Guoetal．20112012．20062008Liuetal．2008．．2010Ⅲ、IV．VOCsVOCsVOCs．2Materialsandmethods2．1VOCs2013、、LPG．VOCs80%VOCs35VOCs1．2．2VOCs．、LPG．《》GB18285—2005、、、．50km·h－119km·h－1195s1．013km．0km·h－1、30km·h－160km·h－13min72834．20min、、50km·h－1．2LSUMMA．---．．1VOCsTable1InformationonvehicleemissionsourcesamplingIV93#12210/30/60km·h－19LPG55III0#44IV93#552．3VOCsUSEPATO-14/TO-15EPAPAMSTheUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency'sozoneprecursormonitoringprogram59C2～C12VOCs．GasChromatographyGC-MassSelectiveDetectorMSD/FlameIonizationDetectorFIDC2～C12VOCs．ENTECH7100CO2DB-1．MSDI．D0．35m×0．10mmFIDHPPLOT-Q30m×0．32mm×20．0μmC4～C12C2～C3VOCs．．Wangetal．2008．2．4QualityAssuranceandQualityControlQA/QC、．、．．100mL8～10．．24h．524h．．10%12%～14%15%13%～15%15%．Wangetal．2008．3Ｒesultsanddiscussion、、LPG、59VOCs291614．2VOCs．82842VOCsTable2VOCsemissionsourceprofilesofdifferentvehicletypesMass-weightedpercentVOCsS．D．an=12n=4LPGn=5n=51．51%1．67%0．16%0．09%5．37%2．71%0．73%0．85%0．15%0．15%0．10%0．06%31．54%8．68%0．10%0．07%0．67%0．65%4．37%2．85%3．32%1．79%0．34%0．10%0．56%0．49%0．29%0．23%7．19%2．61%0．76%0．47%4．94%3．45%1．91%1．15%0．06%0．08%4．98%1．99%2．26%1．33%0．63%0．34%NDb2．95%0．72%22-0．60%0．47%0．15%0．13%ND0．87%0．33%0．70%0．62%1．49%1．27%ND0．44%0．05%23-1．14%0．57%0．20%0．14%ND0．86%0．42%2－3．77%1．55%0．47%0．62%ND3．64%0．52%3－2．71%1．04%0．31%0．42%ND2．57%0．34%1．66%1．45%0．18%0．17%0．08%0．09%1．86%0．56%－1．64%0．59%0．24%0．21%ND1．59%0．25%24-0．56%0．31%0．04%0．03%ND0．62%0．12%0．45%0．36%0．13%0．10%ND0．32%0．04%2-2．98%1．43%0．30%0．26%0．02%0．04%2．19%0．36%23-1．04%0．46%0．12%0．10%ND0．82%0．14%3-2．77%1．03%0．51%0．35%ND2．01%0．32%224-0．93%0．56%1．22%0．80%ND2．69%2．77%2．34%1．17%0．54%0．46%0．02%0．05%1．76%0．57%-1．20%0．54%0．54%0．36%0．01%0．02%0．87%0．13%234-0．20%0．24%0．06%0．05%ND1．16%1．45%2-1．11%0．50%0．41%0．28%0．02%0．03%0．69%0．33%3-1．10%0．50%0．26%0．18%0．02%0．02%0．72%0．26%1．06%0．53%1．13%0．74%0．03%0．06%0．83%0．45%0．55%0．31%3．31%2．42%0．09%0．15%0．51%0．40%0．36%0．22%4．71%2．58%0．40%0．29%0．28%0．26%0．34%0．25%9．87%6．56%1．60%0．81%0．17%0．21%0．22%0．24%6．67%3．17%1．66%1．05%0．08%0．09%3．38%3．84%5．94%5．26%0．12%0．07%2．50%2．58%1．63%3．66%2．52%2．10%0．03%0．02%8．37%9．94%1．92%2．24%5．29%3．61%0．10%0．06%3．37%2．48%1-0．56%0．50%4．37%2．89%ND1．07%0．63%-2-0．31%0．33%0．97%0．60%ND0．45%0．23%-