过去分词短语作定语

Moudule5Unit3ThePastParticipleusedasAttribute莫淑娟刘炜琪1.单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面.Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.过去分词作定语Hethrewawaythebrokencup.Pricesofdailygoodsboughtthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.及物动词的过去分词表示“结束了的被动动作”或者没有一定的时间性,只表示“被动关系”。pollutedwater=waterwhichispollutedreservedrooms=theroomswhichwerereservedboiledwater=waterwhichhasboiledfallenleaves=theleaveswhichhavefallen不及物动词的过去分词不表被动，只表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，含有“动作完成，动作结束”之含义。•spokenEnglish=Englishwhichisspoken•terrifiedpeople=thepeoplewhoareterrified•anorganizedway=awaythatisorganized•affectedarea灾区=theareawhichisaffectedExamples:2.过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。aletterwritteninpencilthebookrecommendedbyJackthemachinesproducedlastyearThissubstance,discoveredalmostbyaccident,hasrevolutionizedmachine.=aletterwhichwaswritteninpencil=thebookwhichwasrecommendedbyJack=themachineswhichwereproducedlastyear=Thissubstance,whichwasdiscoveredalmostbyaccident,hasrevolutionizedmachine.Practice:A.broughtupB.tobebroughtupC.bringupD.tobebringupA解析：①过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。broughtupbyhergrandparents=whowasbroughtupbyhergrandparents.Thelittlegirl___byhergrandparentsshowgoodmanners.3.单个过去分词修饰something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody，those等不定代词时，也要放在这些词后面。Nothingreported(inthenewspaper)interestedhim.Thebooks,writtenbyGuoJingming,areverypopularwithteenagers.这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的喜爱。Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没过北京.4.过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。TheEnglishtodayisquitedifferentfromtheEnglish____________________________(300年前所说的).Thewindow___________________________（被那个顽皮男孩打破的)isbeingrepaired.brokenbythatnaughtyboyspokeninthepast300yearsExcercises:Mostoftheartists___________________(被邀请去参加聚会的)werefromSouthAfrica.Thestudents____________________(受到老师鼓舞的)workedharderthaneverbefore.invitedtothepartyinspiredbytheteacherExcercises:1.语态上现在分词:表示主动的动作过去分词:表示被动的动作Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.HewasreadinganovelwrittenbyCharlesDickens.过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：2.时间上现在分词:表示正在进行过去分词:表示完成therisingsuntherisensunthefallingleavesthefallenleavesboilingwaterboiledwaterachangingworldachangedworldthedevelopingcountrythedeveloedcountry过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：Consolidation1.Pricesofdailygoods____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buyingB.bought2.Withalotofdifferentproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettledC.tosettle3.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.knownD.known4.WhenIgotback,Isawamessage____tothedoor____“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”A.pin,readB.pinning,readingC.pinned,readingD.pinned,readC.pinned,readingTheend